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Transcripts For KNTV NBC Nightly News 20131108

good evening. we are all about to hear the president of the united states apologize, and not just for the troubled rollout of the new health care website but for the fact that his promise to the american people that if they like their current health insurance they can keep it has not held true for all. our chief white house correspondent and political director chuck todd sat down with the president exclusively a short time ago at the white house. he's on the north lawn to start us off. good evening. >> reporter: good evening. the troubled health care rollout and the president's apparent broken promise about people keeping the plans they like has been weighing heavily on the entire white house. it was a chastened commander in chief i spoke with earlier today. i will start with health care. it's probably the most quoted thing or requoted thing you have said in your presidency. if you like your health care plan, you can keep it. >> if you like your health care plan, you will be able to keep your health care plan. period. >> reporter: what happened? >> well, first of all, i meant what i said. we worked hard to try to make sure we implemented it properly. obviously we didn't do a good enough job. i regret that. we're talking about 5% of the population who are in what's called the individual market. they're out there buying health insurance on their own. even though it only affects a small amount of the population, it means a lot to them obviously when they get this letter cancelled. you know, i am deeply concerned about it. i have assigned my team to see what can we do to close some of the holes and gaps in the law because my intention is to lift up and make sure the insurance that people buy is effective. >> reporter: do you feel you owe these folks an apology for misleading them? even if you didn't intentionally do it. that at this point they feel mid led. you've seen the anger that's out there. >> i regret very much that what we intended to do -- which is to make sure that everybody is moving into better plans because they want them as opposed to because they are forced into it -- that we weren't as clear as we needed to be in terms of the changes that were taking place. i want to do everything we can to make sure that people are finding themselves in a good position, a better position than they were before this law happened. and i am sorry that they are finding themselves in this situation based on assurances they got from me. we've got to work hard to make sure that they know we hear them and that we are going to do everything we can to deal with folks who find themselves in a tough position as a consequence of this. >> you have 21 days until november 30. is the website going to be running smoothly enough? if it's not at that point do you sit there and say, okay, let's extend the enrollment period, let's delay the mandate? >> i'm deeply frustrated about how the website has not worked over the first couple of weeks. i take responsibility of that. my team takes responsibility of that. we are working every single day 24/7 to improve it. it's better now than it was last week. it's certainly a lot better than it was on october 1st. having said that, given that i have been burned already with a website -- well, more importantly the american people have been burned by a website that's been dysfunctional, what we have been doing is creating a whole other set of tracks, making sure people can apply by phone effectively, making sure people can apply in person effectively. >> reporter: do you have full confidence in kathleen sebelius? >> i think kathleen sebelius, under tremendously difficult circumstances over the last four and a half years, has done a great job in setting up the insurance markets. so there is a good product out there for people to get. kathleen sebelius doesn't write code. she wasn't our i.t. person. >> reporter: she's still the right person to do it? >> ultimately, the buck stops with me. i'm the president. this is my team. if it's not working, it's my job to get it fixed. >> reporter: brian, to reiterate, the administration is working on a policy. they are not going through congress. they want to do this themselves to figure out a way to keep that promise for people who like their plans they can keep it. they are trying to see if they can fix the loophole and keep the president's promise. >> chuck todd with his conversation a short time ago with the president at the white house. chuck, thanks. now to the big health story that broke earlier today. the fda announcing the federal government plans to phase out trans-fats from the foods we eat over the next few years. the basic role of trans-fats is to make food taste better. they can make good cholesterol go bad and bad cholesterol worse and they make for heart trouble in all of us. our report tonight from our chief medical editor, dr. nancy snyderman. >> reporter: it's dinner time in america and chances are something you're eating tonight contains artificial trans-fats. they are in most margarines, pizza, chips, baked goods and more. also known as partially hydrogenated oil they are used to increase the flavor, texture, and shelf life of many popular processed foods. today the food and drug administration took the bold move of announcing it wants to eliminate them from the american diet. >> everybody realizes artificial trans-fats represent a serious threat to health. they raise the risk of coronary artery disease. by working together, we can reduce artificial trans-fats further in the american diet. >> reporter: doctors say this move is a big step in the right direction. >> there is absolutely no nutritional benefit from trans-fats. they raise the low density lipoprotein count or the ldl which is bad cholesterol. they lower hdl which is the good cholesterol. >> reporter: in 2006, trans-fat content was added to labels to help consumers make wiser food choices. the following year, new york city became the first in the nation to ban the ingredient in restaurants. other cities have since followed. even popular fast food restaurants across the country have eliminated, replaced, or reduced the use of artificial trans-fats in their products. today the grocery manufacturers association responded to the proposal saying we look forward to working with the fda to better understand their concerns and how our industry can better serve consumers. food industry experts say they expect manufacturers to get creative to keep customers satisfied. >> there is no question that their scientists are hard at work right now coming up with alternative formulations that will continue to maximize the allure of their product. they are not going to ship anything to the grocery store that isn't as irresistibly tasty as they can possibly make it. >> reporter: the concern is the transition of eating trans-fats, changing cholesterol, and the link to 20,000 heart attacks every year and 7,000 deaths. but this isn't coming as a change any time soon. it's going to be months of conversation in public forums, brian, and then probably years in the making. >> to that last point, americans eat what they eat and like what they like, some of them knowing to the detriment of their health. will we notice the change when these start to depart from these very tasty foods? >> reporter: there's pretty good science that our brains become wired for salt, fat, and we like that texture and taste. so the question is are americans willing to go cold turkey and really go back to the farm? a lot of people argue that's where we should be. or are the chemists in the back room really being creative to introduce something new? and i think that's going to be the real push for americans. >> either that or i get into farming. dr. nancy snyderman, thank you as always. >> you bet, brian. tonight, the most powerful storm on the planet this year has slammed directly into the philippines. some forecasters say typhoon haiyan -- actually a supertyphoon -- could be the strongest of any storm of its type at landfall ever. they are warning of widespread devastation, significant loss of life, maximum sustained winds of 195. gusts to 235 miles an hour. waves offshore have been measured at 50 feet. this storm is about 500 miles wide nearly reaching the capital city of manila from the point of landfall. to put it in perspective hurricane katrina was about 400 miles wide, smaller than this storm. katrina had sustained winds of 125 miles an hour. we saw what that did. far less than this storm when it made landfall back in '05. good evening. i'm miguel almaguer with late-breaking news. we're getting our first images of the massive supertyphoon sweeping over that country. social media and nude agencies have captured some of the very first moments of impact. typhoon haiyan making impact in the eastern philippines. the damage we're seeing is now significant and forecasters say could be catastrophic. as you can see from these images, pieces of buildings flying off homes and other structures. with its 200 mile-an-hour winds, millions of people are taking cover in that country tonight. now back to brian williams in new york. made landfall back in 2005. now to what we witnessed on the stock market as twitter stock went public and buyers >> the stock market as twitter stock went public and buyers followed. the initial public offering for stock shares soared from $26 to almost $45. not even eight years old, twitter has already changed the way information travels around our globe. we get our report tonight from cnbc's carl quintanilla. >> reporter: wall street went wild for twitter today, sending shares of the newly public company to nearly double within minutes, making it more valuable than the likes of macy's, three times the value of tiffany. >> if there's one thing everybody in the company believes, it's that we all have examples in our own lives of why this service could be useful and valuable to every person on the planet. >> reporter: already twitter has more than 230 million users around the world. 76% of them on mobile devices. a whopping 500 million tweets are sent each day. some breaking news like helicopter hovering above abbottabad, a rare event. a tweet about the osama bin laden raid hours before the world knew. politicians use it as a regular tool now, a way to talk to the public. twitter is a busy universe where tweets from the famous to the anonymous are exchanged all the time like this from pope francis thanking his followers. >> i check it every day. probably too much. >> reporter: but twitter's popularity and how in part it's changed the way we communicate hasn't yet translated into making money. >> it will absolutely make money. it definitely can make money. the question is how much money can it make? >> reporter: the way twitter makes money now is via sponsored tweets and trends promoted on its home page. >> twitter will try to make a lot of new announcements about revolutionary new partnerships, products, and acquisitions. it's going to be a battle of whether you can keep the dream alive. but it's going to be a difficult battle. >> reporter: as powerful as twitter is, we may not know for years if it makes money. that's because it's plowing cash back into the business to get more users. this is a high risk business the tech companies are in. brian, as we have seen, a lot of internet companies debut big but eventually get lost and fade away. >> we are happy letting others take the risk. carl quintanilla, thank you very much for being with us. word tonight of movement toward a deal with iran over its nuclear program. nbc's ann curry is in geneva and learned secretary of state john kerry will travel there tomorrow taking a detour from his middle east trip to meet with iran's foreign minister. talks are under way already. kerry's arrival is a strong sign of agreement on the first step of a potential deal. ann's been told by both sides tonight that an announcement could come as early as tomorrow with iran agreeing to nuclear controls in return for an easing of some sanctions. in his interview with chuck todd today, the president said any deal with iran would be subject to verification. there are some big and bad new numbers out tonight about sexual assaults in the u.s. military. new data showing the number of reports has spiked dramatically. nearly 50% from july of 2012 through june of this year. in all five branches of the u.s. military and the national guard. this is according to the pentagon. what's not known is whether the rise in complaints signals an increase in assaults, an increase in reporting of them or both. there is a fight in congress over taking the complaints out of the military chain of command. still ahead for us tonight, nfl hall-of-famer tony dorsett going public about a devastating diagnosis after years of hard hits. a potentially crippling disease threatening his brain. and later, the founder of a big women's clothing company under fire after offering him his thoughts about women's bodies. we mentioned this before the break. an nfl legend is going public about a frightening diagnosis we are now seeing more of. a career of hard hits to the head has apparently taken its toll now on hall-of-famer tony dorsett. more on his revelation from nbc's stephanie gosk. >> reporter: when running back tony dorsett had the ball, very few players could touch him. but those who did delivered crushing blows. the worst came in a 1984 game against philadelphia, he told espn's "outside the lines." >> it reminded me of a mack truck hitting a volkswagen. he just blew me up. >> reporter: after years of concussions, researchers at ucla now tell the hall-of-famer he's suffering from cte. chronic traumatic encephalopathy. a degenerative disease of the brain linked to head injury. among his symptoms, depression, loss of memory and uncontrollable outbursts at his family. >> for my daughters to say they are scared of me -- >> reporter: the only known test is performed after death, but researchers at ucla say they may have found another way looking at the protein deposits in the brains of living patients. they're focusing the testing on retired nfl players like dorsett. >> we look for players that had a history of concussions. >> reporter: hall-of-famer joe delamielleure heard about the study and wanted to be first in line. >> no one in our era knew about brain injury. we didn't know what concussion is and we never thought of this. then all of a sudden when guys started turning 45, 50, they start dying or they're really messed up. >> reporter: after years of depression and sleepless nights ucla researchers told him he has cte too. >> there's no other way i got this other than playing football, period. >> reporter: since 2009 the nfl has instituted new rules to protect players and settled a lawsuit with some 4,500 players including delamielleure and dorsett for $765 million. the nfl pledged, we will continue our work to better the long-term health and well-being of nfl players. for now tony dorsett says he and his family are coping. >> i'm fine. i've gotten a whole lot of love. i thank all the people around the city here that reached out to me. >> reporter: a whole generation of athletes only now beginning to understand the potential price of playing a punishing sport. stephanie gosk, nbc news, new york. we're back in a moment with a big show that took people by surprise on the west coast last night. a dicey comment from the founder of lululemon may have added insult to injury for that company. you may recall they were last in the news for women's yoga pants that were unintentionally see-through. back then they suggested some women weren't wearing the right size. now the founder of the company, chip wilson said, quote, frankly some women's bodies just don't actually work for their product. his comments might be a test of brand loyalty for their otherwise loyal customers. right now the luxor hotel in las vegas, the one shaped like a pyramid, is housing the largest collection of "titanic" memorabilia ever assembled anywhere. but there's a problem. a sign at the exhibit captures on twitter announced without irony it's been closed due to water damage. no word on when it will reopen. when we come back here tonight, a man who has given hope to so many when they needed it most. finally tonight the power of one man to save lives and lift spirits. the golden gate bridge is a landmark of the west, one of the most popular places in the world for tourists to visit and, sadly, it's also a place where people go because they have lost all hope and wish to end it all. few know it better than kevin briggs, a sergeant with the california highway patrol, and a guardian of the golden gate. his very unique and moving story tonight from our national correspondent kate snow. >> reporter: sunrise over the golden gate bridge. the anticipation of a new day. how many times do you think you have been on this bridge? >> thousands of times. thousands. >> reporter: after 23 years, sergeant kevin briggs has learned how to tell when someone is in trouble. >> how are you, try to strike up a conversation. oh, what are you doing tomorrow? >> reporter: why do you ask about tomorrow? >> because folks who are suicidal or contemplating suicide generally don't have plans for tomorrow. i want them to look at me and see someone that cares. >> reporter: sergeant briggs is just one of many officers who guard the golden gate, but he thinks he's probably helped more than 200 desperate people. kevin bracia was one of them. >> he looks over and sees me and he goes over this rail. >> reporter: he was perched on a narrow pipe. he'd lost his job, had soaring medical bills for his premature infant daughter. he couldn't see a way out. >> he would be looking down a lot. i would say, kevin, how about you look up at the sky. look over at the city. >> reporter: you're on the rail trying to get him to look up at you, instead of looking down. >> right. >> i heard the voice. that voice is what stopped me. >> reporter: they talked for 92 minutes before sergeant briggs convinced him to come back over the rail. >> i have told officer briggs that day that i have never said, never knew i was dealing with. never knew i was feeling. he reminded me what was important to me. my daughter. >> reporter: eight years later his daughter is healthy. he has a son, too, and another baby on the way with his new girlfriend. >> i look in the mirror at the myself now and the man that stood on that bridge is not the man that's standing in front of you right now. >> reporter: what if he hadn't been there? >> we wouldn't be here. it's that simple. >> this is why we keep doing this. there is hope. there's going to be more kevins. we're going to talk to them and reach out and say, hey, brother, i'm here for you. >> hey! >> good to see you again. >> you, too. >> reporter: sergeant briggs will retire this month to work full-time on suicide prevention. both men share the same message. >> just getting up in the morning is a blessing. just waking up. i want people to see that. it's a gift. don't throw it away. >> reporter: the power of one voice that's convinced so many people to start another day. kate snow, nbc news, san francisco. that is our broadcast for this thursday night. thank you for being here with us. i'm brian williams. we hope to see you right back here tomorrow evening. good night. good evening, thanks for joining us on this thursday. i'm raj mathai. >> i'm jessica aguirre. new at 6:00, kids involved in sexual assaults and sexual hara harassle. a new federal report say it's happening at a staggering rate inside high school, middle schools and even elementary schools in west contra costa county. one investigator calls it one of the worst cases she's ever seen. nbc bay area's jodi hernandez caught up with school officials for a look the problem. what's being done to stop it? >> reporter: well, jessica, this 17-page report paints a very disturbing picture. it says students at this school district are subjected to both physical and verbal sexual harassment at a level that's simply shocking. at school i do feel safe. we have all these amazing security here, and surveillance cameras. >> reporter: but while 17-year-old iris wong feels safe at dianza high school, that hasn't been the case for many students in the west contra costa school district prompted by a gang rape of a 15-year-old richmond girl and rape of a 12-year-old that same year. a federal investigation concluded sexual harassment and sexual violence are huge problems at the district's elementa elementary, middle and high schools. >> i'm enormously dismayed about the prevalence of sexual violence and sexual harassing conduct in

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Transcripts For CNNW Sanjay Gupta MD 20140621

and powerful. a testament to mankind's creativity, but in the shadows of the golden gate bridge towers there is a darker history. >> it is a site where unfortunately some people in their deep, dark moments come to hurt themselves. >> it was march 2005 when kevin birthia started driving from oakland to san francisco. he had no idea where he was headed. only that he wanted to end his life. >> i was hurting a lot. i was dealing with a lot of issues. >> for reasons that to this day he still doesn't under, berthia was drawn to the golden gate bridge. >> i walked and i kind of thought about things for a minute. i remember making one phone call. and i proceeded to walk on -- out to the tower and -- >> he saw me and he then he went right over the rail and stood on a small pipe. >> a highway patrol officer sergeant kevin briggs was on duty that day. tentatively he approached and asked berthia a question. >> what can we do to get over this hump? >> countless people have stood on this same precipice. more than 1,600 of them jumped. >> it is easy for the average person to go over that rail. >> many have fought for decades to take away that easy access, to deter would-be jumpers. but what seemed like a simple idea, a physical barrier to jumping, divided the city. half wanted it. >> the other half of the folks said don't you dare deface the bridge, don't build it. if you build it people will just go someplace else and jump. >> but that may not be true. in fact, more than one study of 500 people tried to jump from the golden gate but were restrained found that decades later nearly 90% were still alive or had died of natural causes. other bridges with barriers have reduced or eliminated suicides. >> apparently suicidal individuals don't want to hurt themselves and people stop jumping. >> with that in mind on june 27th, the golden gate bridge authority will vote on a $76 million plan for this, a steel net extending out from the side of the bridge. >> you see that baby? >> berthia says that a net would have deterred him. he accepts that standing on the edge and then finding the courage to climb back and get help is part of his story. >> all right now? >> and joining me now is kevin heinz a young man who also has a very personal story to share as well. kevin, welcome to show. >> thanks. >> we met ten years ago. >> yes. >> after a very tumultuous time in your life. in fact, you took me to the bridge and you showed me the spot where you, in fact, jumped yourself. >> yeah. >> do you remember that? >> i remember that vividly. >> you remember our conversation? >> i do. >> what about the moment that you actually did this? i mean, is it something so many years later you still think about? >> you know, it was the second worst suicidal depression i'd ever been due to bipolar disorder which i suffer with daily, i was brought to that bridge because i was hearing voices saying i had to die. not because i wanted to die. but because i believed i had to and the message i spread today is about the art of learning to live mentally well. >> when you're actually going through something like this and, you know, people have been -- who are watching may have been in some pretty tough times themselves, what -- at the time that you jump, what is going through your mind at that point? had you come to terms with it? did you suddenly want to reverse it? >> the millisecond my hands left the rail, my thoughts were these -- what have i just done. i don't want to die. god please save me. then i hit the water. when i resurfaced before almost drowning, losing the ability of my legs, all i wished and prayed for was to live. and had i gone there not knowing -- i had no knowledge of the golden gate bridge, i had no knowledge people survived, the few that did, i had no knowledge that 1,600 plus people died at that bridge. if i went there and was a net or a railing, i would have had to ask for help. and my help, sanjay, all i wageted was for one person to look at me in pain and suffering and crying my eyes out and say are you okay? is something wrong or can i help you? and i had made a pact to myself much like many suicidal people do, if that would have occurred, i would have told that person everything. the question, would they have listened. >> your own story aside, people who are at that state, the state that you were in, maybe it's not the golden gate bridge, again, will this really decrease suicides you think across this particular area or in general? >> you know, the science is there. the studies are there. the proof is there. and yet people around the country and the globe they say things like why ruin the aesthetics of the bridge? >> the aesthetics of the bridge? >> it was a huge issue. they didn't want to ruin the beauty of a bridge. a piece of iron. what are the aesthetics compared to one human life. what if that was your mom or your dad or your son or your daughter. that's what we have to get people to understand, these people who go there to die, they don't necessarily want to, but they are in a state of mental instability where they feel there is not another option and those are the people we have to reach out to. because they're suffering. and they deserve hope just like everyone else. >> i'm so glad to see you again. so glad you're doing well. and thank you for staying on this. i mean, look, kevin, as i said, one of the greatest things we can do is have that kind of impact on people's lives. it sounds like from what the science shows and what this may accomplish, a lot of lives may be saved. >> i hope so and i believe so. >> thank you very much. appreciate it. >> thank you, sanjay. a lot of people throw around the term obsessive compulsive, ocd. it's a real condition and it can be debilitating. you'll see exactly what i mean and also an electrifying new treatment for it straight ahead. on how to take care of me and my baby. luckily, unitedhealthcare has a simple program that helps moms stay on track with their doctors and get the right care and guidance-before and after the baby is born. simple is good right now. (anncr vo) innovations that work for you. that's health in numbers. unitedhealthcare. [ jackhammer pounding, horns honking ] [ siren wailing ] visit tripadvisor miami. [ bird chirping ] with millions of reviews, tripadvisor makes any destination better. you ever get that nagging feeling that maybe you forgot to call someone? or maybe you left the water running on at home. well, imagine that same feeling 1,000-fold, you might have some idea what it's like to suffer obsessive compulsive disorder. this will be debilitating but now there's this new experimental treatment, and in one case we saw it take effect right in front of our eyes. >> we had friendships and he was funny and goofy and spontaneous and loud. he was normal. >> normal. a life filled with hope and possibility would not last long for brett larsen. the change began when brent was 10. his father had died. >> he was virtually mute for a year. he did not speak at all. i didn't understand it at all. none of us did. >> but this was not typical grieving. it was full-blown anxiety. so brent's brain began conco concocting unusual coping mechanisms. >> i get a bad thought like someone's going to die. i just got the thought in my head, if i flip the light switch off and on a certain amount of times maybe i could control it somehow. >> at 12 brent was diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder, ocd. imagine a broken record and you have a sense about his life. on a typical day a shower can take 45 minutes. getting dressed even longer. >> putting on his shoes. it could take hours. he'll put them on and take them off and turn them around. >> think of ocd as a neurological hick couple, faulty wiring in the brain. it spills over into brent's speech. >> someone wants to have a normal life, a better life. >> years of therapy, medication, even hospitalization didn't help. >> i know that brent has a lot of normal in him. he's still that goofy kid. and there are moments when he's free enough of anxiety that he can express that. but it's only moments. it's not days. it's not hours. it's -- it's not enough. >> this, his doctors believe, is both his best and last hope. deep brain stimulation or dbs. >> how are you feeling right fowl, brent? >> i feel happy. >> foal happeel happy? >> to short-circuit the signals that cause so much fear and anxiety. >> he became really happy. his mood was really elevated. he was talking a lot better. >> i feel like laughing for some reason. >> you feel like laughing? that's good. >> we want to know when you're having those feelings, tell us. >> later when the electrodes are turned on with a continuous electrical current, his doctors are betting his neurological hiccups will be fixed. >> hi, brent, how are you doing? >> pretty good, how are you? >> thanks for coming. >> oh, sure. >> just a few weeks now since his operation and brent is having the electrodes implanted in his brain turned on. >> you feel any changes, any extreme sensations anywhere? >> i feel like laughing like in surgery. >> but it will take several months and several adjustments to the electrical current for brent to find out if those feelings will last. >> i am going to be looking at you all night. >> a few months later, progress. it's up and it's down. >> the level oit been a week or so, i might have a hard time for a little while but then it gets better. >> it's not quite where he wants it to be. but he's inching toward it. and today brent is going in for what doctors think is his final adjustment. >> off to see the wizard. >> how long did it take you to get to the car this morning? >> it was brief. >> a few seconds. >> and before the surgery how long would it take sometimes? >> do you want me to say it or do you? >> okay. >> i mean, sometimes it would take hours. >> normal activities, conversing, relating, feeling unstuck, they're all getting easier. >> i feel like i'm getting a little better hillary clinton, you know, every day a little bit. >> normal. it was so fleeting for decades. but it's now creeping back into brent larsen's life. >> before i had the surge ril, i couldn't work. i felt like i couldn't do a lot of things. but i feel hike i'm more able to achieve the things i want to do since i've had the surgery. >> as you can see there it's a brand-new world for brent. dbs or deep brain stimulation is also used to treat depression and parkinson's disease and as with ocd it's only in extreme cases. up next we got some news you can use. scientifically proven way to make your friends laugh. eating right, d back t she got me drinking boost. it's got a great taste, and it helps give me the nutrition i was missing. helping me stay more like me. 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[ crowd cheering ] good is choosing not to overshoot the moon, but to land right on it and do some experiments. ♪ so start your day off good with a coffee that's good cup after cup. maxwell house. ♪ good to the last drop maxwell house. when folks think about wthey think salmon and energy. but the energy bp produces up here creates something else as well: jobs all over america. engineering and innovation jobs. advanced safety systems & technology. shipping and manufacturing. across the united states, bp supports more than a quarter million jobs. when we set up operation in one part of the country, people in other parts go to work. that's not a coincidence. it's one more part of our commitment to america. one morning i shot an elephant in my pajamas. how he got in his pajamas, i don't know. >> you know, no matter who you or where you grew up the humor of groucho marx is considered pretty universally funny. i talk a lot on this program how laughter can literally be like medicine. but why are some things funny and some things no the? we all know it depends on who you ask and today i decided to ask scott weems, he's the author of "ha the science of how we laugh and why." he joins us from little rock. welcome to the program. >> thank you for having me. >> you approach this topic from that vantage point. you spent a decade looking in to this. why are some jokes funny and some not? >> yeah. i mean, i hate to make it sound, you know, too complicated, but, i mean, there's no simple answer for what makes a joke funny. i think if there wasn't comedians would never fail. it really comes down to a couple of key ingredients. surprise is one of them like with the groucho marx line, the reason i like it so much in a short line you imagine groucho wearing pa jam nas and then there's a brief period of conflict and then eventually you're trying to make an elephant wear pajamas which i think is intrinsically funny and there's surprise and there has to be a destination, too and with the case of groucho it's an elephant in his pajamas. >> the person listening to the joke expects to go a certain way and suddenly you take a little turn on them. how about things like self-deprecation when you are sort of targeting yourself as the focus of the humor? >> yeah. i mean, i think the mechanism behind that and all kinds of humor is the same is that exactly like you said. you're setting up an expectation and then you're violating it in some way. self-deprecating humor is interesting because i think if one were to simply insult yourself, if i were to make up an insult about myself, i don't know if that would be funny. it would probably be just more awkward. self-deprecating humor usually there's more than one message. sometimes it's not as deprecating as the surface may imply so i think that's why there's a saying, if you want to make a point, you tell a story. but if you want to make one points at once, you tell a joke and i think that applies for all kinds of humor including self-deprekcating humor. >> it broke down on gender as well, it's consistently ranked as the important factor in healthy relationships but it seemed to serve two different purposes for the two sexes. >> it's always tricky it's so hard to interpret some of the data, but there's some findings you can't argue. one is that women laugh more than men. we know because scientist robert provine went out and just basically eavesdropped on people for a year in coffee shops and subways and found women laugh. two women in a room will laugh twimes as much as two men. but women are outnumbered in professional comedy by quite a bit. there are examples of professional female comedians, but they're still the minority so what's the disparity? one evolutionary theory and there's no way to know where this comes from, but it could be that women are just kind of raised or encouraged to be the audience and men are encouraged to be the joke tellers from an early age. >> finally for me and everyone else out there, can you become funnier? can you become more humorous? i can't to be a funnier guy. can i do that? >> you can. i think not only can -- that's good news. but i think the even better news is so many of the benefits from humor come not from being funny but from just being exposed to humor. studies have shown just watching a comedy can make you perform better on things like intelligence tests and insight tests and just watching a comedy can improve your blood pressure. can improve your immune system response. i think it's good to be funny, but it's even better to surround yourself with humor because you get a lot of benefits with that which is good for people like you and me just people who are not professional comedians that you don't have to be one to get the benefit. >> that's good news. i'll put it on the list for this weekend, surround myself with some humor. not hard to do in my house sometimes. thanks for joining us. >> yeah, thank you very much. and still ahead what you need to know about the protein craze. turns out you can have too much of a good thing. we'll explain. of great-tasting ensure. 24 vitamins and minerals, antioxidants, and 9 grams of protein. [ bottle ] ensure®. nutrition in charge™. [ bottle ] ensure®. at od, whatever business you're in, that's the business we're in with premium service like one of the best on-time delivery records and a low claims ratio, we do whatever it takes to make your business our business. od. helping the world keep promises. that's keeping you from the healthcare you deserve. at humana, we believe if healthcare changes, if it becomes simpler... if frustration and paperwork decrease... if grandparents get to live at home instead of in a home... the gap begins to close. so let's simplify things. let's close the gap between people and care. ♪ that's why i always choose the fastest intern.r slow. let's close the gap between people and care. the fastest printer. the fastest lunch. turkey club. the fastest pencil sharpener. the fastest elevator. the fastest speed dial. the fastest office plant. so why wouldn't i choose the fastest wifi? i would. switch to comcast business internet and get the fastest wifi included. comcast business. built for business. it's probably a good bet you that you've heard about the craze for high protein diets. some of this is not surprising. people have been looking for alternatives to carbohydrates and fats since those became increasingly vilified. maybe they want to build muscle. it's hard to miss what's happening with protein. you have protein-packed lunches and pasta and even cheerios come with additional protein, but i want to warn you today you also need to be a little bit careful. protein is important especially for athletes but more isn't always better. the average man needs 56 grams of protein a day and the average woman 46 grams. to give you some context that's two small patties of lean hamburger meat and that's if you get no other protein at all. too much protein can lead to weight gain. it will surprise you but the extra calories from protein they get stored as fat. it can also stress your kidneys and lead to osteoporosis, your bones starting to break down, and you can also get enough protein. look, you don't need special protein added foods to get what you need. mix in some eggs or lean meat and fish, you'll have plenty. you don't even need meat, grains like quinoa and chia and hemp seeds are complete proteins. vegetables like broccoli and spinach also very good. in fact, broccoli has more protein per calorie than chicken and along with protein you'll be getting vitamins, fiber and other essentials as well. hey, if you caught our show last weekend, you saw that i was reporting from the taj mahal in india. super hot, 130 degrees. also nine 1/2 hours ahead of eastern time and just three days after i got back i was on the road again. look, as someone who just passed the 2 million miler mark, getting over jet lag it ain't easy. but luckily the research team at the university of michigan, go blue, and yale university has created an app where you type in your current location and your destination and the app gives you a schedule of exposure to light to reset your internal clock the most efficient way. for example, if you are traveling from new york to london the app might suggest a regimen that looks something like this. one of the ph.d. students who designed the app said their schedule takes what could be five or six days of adjusting down to just two. good app for me. maybe a good app for you. that's all the time we've got for "sg md" today. time now, though, to get you back in the "cnn newsroom" with deborah feyerick. hello, everyone, you are in the "cnn newsroom." i'm deborah feyerick, in today for don lemon. iraq is quickly coming apart. ethnic and political fighting which never really stopped when coalition combat troops left, well, it's flaming up again, and now something new, a brutal, ambitious

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