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Why new coronavirus variants suddenly arose in the U.K. and South Africa Maya Wei-Haas Pedestrians walk along the Riv​er Thames in London, October 18, ​2020. In early December, cases of COVID-19 soared in Kent, England and scientists wanted to know why. For clues, Nick Loman, who is part of the COVID-19 Genomics Consortium U.K., and his colleagues examined how the coronavirus was mutating. By looking at this zoo of slightly different viruses, they could roughly track the outbreak’s spread through the community. For SARS-CoV-2, these mutations the small errors made naturally when genomes are copied develop at a steady pace of one or two each month, says Loman, a professor of microbial genomics and bioinformatics at the University of Birmingham. Yet among the Kent cases, scientists found a large cluster that was remarkably different, with a total of 23 mutations arising without prior notice and faster than anyone expected.

New yorkUnited statesHong kongNew south walesUnited kingdomSouth africaUniversity collegeCity ofSouth africanNick lomanEmma hodcroftMark tanakaMuge cevikAndrew testaRavindra guptaUniversity of new south wales sydney