A hormone produced by the liver called fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) suppresses alcohol consumption in primates, finds a study published February 1 in the journal Cell Metabolism.
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A collection of genetic variants influences the expression of obesity-associated genes in both the brain and fat tissue, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Chicago. The research team found that changes in the expression of the obesity-associated genes correlated with both metabolic and behavioral changes, suggesting that these variants produce combinatorial effects that increase the risk of obesity. The results, which scientists hope will lead to better understanding of the mechanisms that make some people more susceptible to obesity, were published June 4 in
The strongest genetic association with obesity in humans corresponds to a group of genetic variants within a gene called FTO. Over 40% of humans have one copy of these variants and 16% have two copies, which increase their risk of becoming obese by 70%. Despite their prominent impact, the mechanisms by which these common variants lead to obesity remain unclear.