Background The adverse health effects of air pollutants are widely reported, and the elderly are susceptible to toxic environments. This study aimed to identify the all-cause mortality associated with cooking fuel use among the elderly. Methods A total of 5732 and 3869 participants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were enrolled in two (2014–2018) and three waves (2011–2018) of survey. Cooking fuel was divided into clean and solid fuel. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the mortality hazard ratio (HR). Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the potential interaction effect. Results The 5732 participants who reported using solid fuel (53.47%) were associated with higher HR (9.47 per 100 person-years, n=1743) (HR=1.09, 95% CI=1.01–1.18) in 2011–2018. The 3869 participants who reported change of using cooking fuel in 2011–2014, stable solid fuel use was were associated with higher HR (5.07 per 100 person-years, n=509) compared with th
Satellites capture full extent of California wildfires
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Forest Fire Emissions and Their Impact on Global Climate Change
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Satellite images capture major events of 2020
01/03/2021 14 Minutes Read
The pandemic surely brought the world to a grinding halt, but it didn’t stop the satellites orbiting Earth from recording and documenting the historic year. We take a look at some of the most noteworthy events of 2020 through the eyes of the satellites.
Year 2020 has largely been defined by one unprecedented pandemic that would go on to shape many things even in years to come. But even otherwise, there were many notable events and happenings that shaped this historic and difficult year. From COVID lockdowns to the melting Arctic and Antarctic reminding us of the fast-changing climate, natural disasters like the unprecedented number of hurricanes and widespread wildfires to manmade ones like the Beirut explosion or the oil tanker collisions, from geopolitical tensions like the Sino-India border issues or the nuclear developments in Iran to social unrest like the Black Li