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Pakistan currently has an estimated 170 nuclear warheads, which could increase to around 200 by 2025. The estimate comes from American nuclear scientists who used open-source materials, satellite imagery, and other sources to gather data.

With several new delivery systems in development, four plutonium production reactors, and expanding uranium enrichment infrastructure, Pakistan’s stockpile has potential to increase further, the Nuclear Notebook said

​​The US Defense Intelligence Agency projected in 1999 that Pakistan would have 60 to 80 warheads by 2020, but several new weapon systems have been fielded and developed since then, which leads us to a higher estimate," the Nuclear Notebook column published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists on September 11 said.

(This story has not been edited by THE WEEK and is auto-generated from a PTI

We estimate that Pakistan now has a nuclear weapons stockpile of approximately 170 warheads. The US Defense Intelligence Agency projected in 1999 that Pakistan would have 60 to 80 warheads by 2020, but several new weapon systems have been fielded and developed since then, which leads us to a higher estimate, the Nuclear Notebook column published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists on September 11 said.

Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal is estimated to currently include approximately 170 warheads. It could realistically grow to around 200 by 2025 at the current growth rate.

China’s nuclear arsenal is not only expanding but is also being modernised, indicating a doctrinal change. China has an estimated 410 nuclear warheads that can be delivered by air, sea, and land, with its nuclear...

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Bulletin, By Hans M. Kristensen, Matt Korda, Eliana Johns, July 17, 2023 France’s nuclear arsenal has remained stable over the past decade and contains approximately 290 warheads........... Nearly all of France’s warheads are deployed or operationally available for deployment on short notice. ...................................................................................................... France’s nuclear doctrine Successive heads of state, including Presidents Sarkozy,...

France’s nuclear stockpile of approximately 290 warheads has remained stable in recent years, but significant modernizations are underway regarding ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, submarines, aircraft, and the nuclear industrial complex.