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on june 4th $1809.00 chinese troops attacked pro-democracy demonstrators on beijing's channel one square a brutal crackdown to end 7 weeks of peaceful protests. the day after the massacre thousands of demonstrators were arrested sentenced and jailed dozens were executed. but mysteriously some managed to go underground and escape. this is the story of operation yellow bird a covert effort to spirit chinese dissidents out of the country to safety and into exile abroad for years it was believed the cia was pulling strings now after years of silence the masterminds of operation got about have started to reveal the details of this. story a story in which france played
a key role teaming up with some odd bedfellows allies. full of the dissidents smuggled out of china recounts the dramatic events that changed their lives forever. the story of operation yellow bird began in beijing on april the 15th 1909 the day saw a vast on pouring of grief over the death of a leading communist party official. who will ban had pushed for democratic reform and for many embody the morning indian tendencies in opposing. the ts before his death he was ousted from the party's top position of general secretary. now all hopes of political liberalization appear dashed. this state funeral was attended by
high ranking leaders of the party which by now had maintained its all for terry and grip on power for 40 years. in the front row dench of paying the country's senior leader and as prime minister leapin these 2 men had forced the op on from office because he dared to advocate a more transparent political system. outside the great hall of the people a group of students crossed the police line on tiananmen square carrying a petition they knocked down and begged the prime minister to come out and talk but their request was ignored. a wave of outrage spread across china what began as a display of sympathy for a reform minded official now turned into an angry protest.
the battle had begun pitting the chinese people on my course for political and economic reform against communist party hardliners. demonstrations by students and intellectuals rose up in major cities across the country. and were young philosophy professor side chango joined the protest movement he was ready to fight against the censorship of his articles and for economic reform such a group was $34.00 he had a son and was close to his parents and siblings. working on his 1st book he sensed the political times was turning. or was something long where we all felt that we were at a historic turning point. so up are there we carried on to the end and one
launching a process of democratization in china. for all attempts at reform would be suppressed for a very long time. to think. after a decade of economic liberalization chinese students were assumptive to foreign ideas and they were galvanized by the democratic reforms underway in the communist countries of eastern europe and asia as had been the call gorbachev when the soviet leader arrived in beijing for a state visit he saw made of 15000 if you know in the world was on the threshold of a new era the cold war was ending. the students in china wanted to be part of this historic shift towards democracy and freedom to convince that time it come and they occupied chinaman square. long viewed as the
name of center of the ruling party. movement overnight and lead as a marriage to one was where question a 21 year old freshman at one of the country's most prestigious universities on the square he delivered impassioned speeches it was agreed that if the government proposed talks how she would lead the negotiations. 6 losing why was 27 at the time she worked hard to support her young daughter and her parents with him she lived reading across chatham and square one morning she stopped her bike to talk to protesters. and she agreed to work for a dissident radio station a move that would change the course of her life. looting
let out articles for broadcast increasingly harsh in my condemnation of government officials and their lavish lifestyles i don't want cast i'm a star singing too so i'm just a make up my burqas are the center the leica speaker one of the people complete you don't make a sock so that's why i'm really active that's why i'm like yeah my cousin my personality i want to shoot more people to know that. soon fall is no longer returning home and evenings to have parents who are looking after her baby instead she stayed with her new friend sleeping in a tent ringback. by now fallon's were camped out on talent square. people in 300. cities join the general strike. the protests were now
a national crisis. china's leadership was under pressure and it was divided on how to proceed communist party hardliners wanted to restore order immediately by arresting and jailing the protest leaders who they branded as counter-revolutionaries. but moderates advocated a softer line among them young jackie a young political scientist and government advisor he hoped to mediate and calm the situation. here on her good torch if we tried to find a peaceful solution the party leadership was under immense pressure to do that 1st i tried to persuade the students to leave the square where they were then i changed my mind to the grounds that the communist party didn't alter its stance or drugs that i would side with the students in her the what or the mrs inside the church. and made the feting one month after who yonks death. and hundreds of others began
a hunger strike. after 5 days the government relented. it agreed to meet a student delegation weka she left the hospital where he had been admitted for treatment and went directly to talks with the prime minister leaping. and i immediately know what. that. meeting was broadcast on national television and viewed around the world and the events in beijing have been headlining international media. now the whole world watched a young student berate the prime minister an intolerable insult to china's rulers 2 days later leaping. declared martial law. clearly.
the army was deployed in towns to come positions across the capital ready to intervene if students defied orders to leave chinaman square. the reform minded political scientist made a life changing decision. until then he'd have to quiet like with his wife and 15 year old son now he resigned from all of his posts and joined the students on the square. from that moment he was paid by the state as an insurgent. 2 says it's you i shall i was deeply troubled by martial law i think that same evening i issued a statement calling dong shopping a dictator and demanding his resignation. on june the 3rd at 9892 weeks after the government imposed martial law. paying old intrigues to take
control of beijing and clear tiananmen square. residents poured out onto the streets to help protesters a wrecked barricades together they set fire to public buses to block the army advance. then in the early hours of june the 4th soldiers began firing into the crowds. charging this again i was just giving a speech on the square as soldiers in the streets behind us drunk started cheering on the room for. us or you were issued. within moments the dreams of an entire generation turned into a nightmare. if you to my left i saw tanks attacking students it really was like a war seems there. for more like
a. city like a surrealistic movie. sure at least. the protesters were stunned they'd never anticipated such a minor offense. would have expected the police club where we expect there's some blood shed. we didn't expect that all. life lost one not even a person. in need the bloodshed left beijing reeling. students trying to count the dead estimates vary from several 100 to fountains. function mock up. frankly after what i'd experienced in beijing i didn't give
a damn anymore about democracy freedom victory and all 50. images of the military crackdown sent away for shock and horror around the world. while the military secured control of beijing it also used force to quash protests and other chinese cities. and then public outrage western government slapped sanctions on beijing. government. keep the survivors most shoot at the young people it is radius just for me and that stands against them in the name of freedom. so this would lose such a governor it has no future so will you now but it near. china's secret police now known to relent. plus hunter activists had released photographs
of the most wanted offering rewards for information leading to their arrest. they were now china's public enemy number one. when i see myself on the top of the list it's like number 2 i said well ok i think they're going to make an example. of they will try really hard to arrest me the rumor i heard in beijing that they do not want to. arrest me a life. they keep saying eat a lot of high heat. if you're not on your show you should.
look at those clothes and before they give me like this is not it the noted one of the many yeah the one of the only the name of the quirk how old i am where i am living in this in my in my in you i live in the trees and the wood of my whole i'm the tall home as my face is iran the face and the steel libya will come askin a white skin or something. it wasn't long before a 2nd list was compiled this one with the names of intellectuals accused of instigating a rebellion of the color that we weren't scared of being arrested we were scared of being killed without i want finding out of. sight chango received a warning from a friend with the police contacts 40 officers were on his trail. salah she sick of that's china for you they should they do so if it decides you are the enemy you're the enemy there's nothing you can do about it. but for.
hong kong then stellar british colony offered a potential escape route for activists running for their lives it became the center of a network to smuggle dissidents out of china code named operation yellow bird among the key organizers john shand a successful film producer. martin lane a young pro-democracy barrister. a baptist cleric 2 uming and albert hole co-founder of the alliance and support of patriotic democratic movement in china. after the rest secure. recover you know from the shock every game to think. about what we should all go how the dissidents to lead. the way lead in order to escape from persecution any no other to a state from. the hazards of being jailed of course you know we all live
a long call we have no network with invented charter but we do. the producer john charm worked his contacts hong kong's entertainment industry had ties to try at cannes and economies underworld these crime syndicates were always willing to smuggle human cargo for cash they enlisted their chinese counterparts to crudeness escape route across the water to hong kong. from one day to the next the foundations of a smuggling network were put in place the 1st step involved getting the dissidents to southern china. from there they would be ferried to hong kong. and a final step flown into exile abroad. it was a race against time the hong kong group gave triad networks in beijing the names of people to. be smuggled out of the country the syndicates were equipped with state
of the art technology to dodge police and government agents. and they knew how to pass on secret instructions to the fugitives. you know how the people coming to me now do you see the ok i knew how danger we we should be give you some dropped by you the stand the law we have a make a schedule biggest one make a schedule what time you pick are you know we're literal words of i was told to go into hiding will my wife and her belongings he's in and wait to be contractors on. the operation proceeded quickly just a day after the massacre on channel one square a plan was already in place to get work out of the country he was still in a state of shock when the network contacted him
a man arranged to meet him and told him to leave beijing by train. beijing to his base in the daytime is probably one of the most. secured place there are more soldiers and police than the papers than the travellers. but we did manage to get our train wherever it is going within here if there is a train leaving beijing we should beyond that and then the president for a passport helped us to get on the train and then we realized that train is going sauce so salsa 1st. 2 fugitives the situation in beijing was growing increasingly dangerous. police released images of fast track trials in executions on the city streets and squares notices encouraged people to turn in protesters to police with promises of large rewards printed alongside contact. but
. losing heart only narrowly managed to escape before fleeing she risked returning home to her parents' house to say goodbye to her baby daughter she had no idea it would be 5 years before she saw her again. aware of all i hold my daughter that isn't coming well i see a hole in the money right away and children called it by the bye bye i just are trying to i'm verse strong inside her tears come out but i was still told my daughter said bye bye i don't want to see the freaks i don't want to see face i just say bye bye i understand that i'm verse save i was told well this store i didn't send you know. meanwhile time chung will had managed to slip out of his hometown of all harm with the help of several men from an operation on a bad network his family stayed behind as he raced south the police hot on us heels . on the footpath and i both of we weren't scared when we were
on tenement square feet. or so feet but when you're running for your life then you're scared scared to death while the. in beijing a renowned scientist also feared arrest. finally she was an outspoken dissident who'd had contact with u.s. diplomats but when he arrived at the gates of the u.s. embassy he was the nationally turned away. president george h.w. bush had visited beijing earlier that year and strove to maintain bilateral dialogue even after the massacre nevertheless he granted fang asylum at the u.s. mission. he stayed there for a year until china allowed him to move to the us the deal was negotiated by the us ambassador a former cia operative. trying to suspected the cia was smuggling its most wanted to sit. because of the country. at the same time you look at activists in hong kong
began organizing the 1st step of the operation. they needed to find host countries for the rescue dissidents. the lawyer martin lee was tasked with persuading representatives of various governments to accept the refugees. the 1st concert i went into was the u.s. consulate. i saw a lady there not the consul general. she was interested to help but only the top leaders of the student movement. she was very interested in big names there with. weak i.c. and child being unsure so i asked her what about the people who are not so well known very dangerous they. were our relationship with china which was just getting . going.
there we were having real growth in if you're in. trade. and it's. a good answer. except that it would never go. with the chinese. if we started getting people out. under the table. it was impossible for us consol to make such a decision without the backing of the government in washington clearly the impression given to me was that they would not be welcome in the states. so i just stood up and left. the dissidents who made it to southern china and were
taken to safe houses owned by members of the network some were even put up uncomfortable her towels the maffia picked up a tap others had to sleep in student apartments under beds on the floor they always had for instructions on the next most dangerous leg of their escape crossing the border to hong kong. their yellow but activists were running out of time the 1st dissidents would be arriving from the chinese mainland any day now. chinese secret agent world hot pursuit but so far no arrangements were in place to transfer the fugitives to 3rd party countries western states were reluctant to anger china. regs and by the i knew a french diplomat in fact the mission they came out and met me in the street and i talked to him i said look we need help because. when these people are brought in to
hong kong. we need some form of government to get them. just in a jam he said the australians the canadians and even the americans were stalling for time and we were their only hope that. we would need to consider allowing the dissidents to travel on france because they probably could not remain in hong kong . if you know as you know my immediate answer was yes it was a gut reaction i hadn't thought it through a home over the hill but when you are familiar with the cumbersome workings of bureaucracy don't you choose to play it safe and would rather risk an administrative hitch and choose to delay such a matter to do. the french consul general was really sort of the. the only world.
joe camel time made a decision with wide ranging implications. in hong kong he was the only diplomat willing to take a risk to put his career on the line france could pay a high price for his decision 1st he confided in his press attache cross-walk 1st of all. though they are as sore as well this was a cry for help that we could neither respond to nor ignore the law or decision was spontaneous the liquid he was in line with my own deepest convictions are all human life in higher regard than attack they are given when a thought. all points you make such a decision because you are listening to your heart liquid and are conscious of history of. the pro-democracy activists in hong kong france is not was an important victory bad had a new ally
a western ally. the network was now complete. and they continued on grass to many chinese cities operatives in hong kong prepared for the arrival of the 1st diffidence. to prepare the most dangerous part of their escape the sea crossing from mainland china organizers used a code derived from medical terms. if a dissident was held up by police informant spoke of arthritis of scapegoating to plan was described by the code word heart disease. after a 2000 kilometer journey work i she waited on the shore scouring the sea for a light signal from a boat that would smog. out of china 2 attempts had already failed i learned as
much later they said this is going to be the last attempt. if they become much more then gers because the chinese authority has already realised has alerted that i could be there and they have deployed much have year. border patrol. including helicopters so as to work. i was at the seashore 9 o'clock no boat. 930 no boat. 10 o'clock no boat. but 1035. agreed a signal appear on the horizon and i see. his flashlight and i say wow they're here wow great and i forgot to flashback and they say we're ok yes i have
supposed to flash back and i did. and then you flashed back again so. i start to. walk into the water walk toward the light that time at that moment i turn my head back and look at trying again. and i think i know stepping into what i don't know when would i be able to touch that soil again. what size chunk all the time had also come to leave china yes kate one afternoon on board a smuggler's bunch hidden with dissidents behind a truck door chinese spies were already infiltrating the smuggling network and then traps. was stuck in southern china the accomplices assigned to escort her never arrived.
i thought it was there are several members of the network will haunt. a meeting had been arranged at a hotel but it turned out to be a sting operation. to know the police were waiting for them. they were all arrested on the larger. at the time neither the french president francois mitterrand know his foreign minister hold on to not had any notion that that diplomatic representatives in east asia were involved in human smuggling. consuls on pm on tanith needed to inform his a period of the foreign ministry in paris fast. one tiny put us trying to the network of experts on china working for the administration in paris and it worked. they secured a tacit green light from the highest levels of government.
secretly especially units was formed in paris its job was to prepare for the refugees arrival and provide them with assistance as they settled in france. code named and lease it was staffed by just a few china experts. it's the how did police was made up of one or 2 diplomats and a handful of people who hardly knew each other in total 5 or 6 people who says all this happened on the periphery and in hong kong for example everything was arranged outside of administrative governmental departments and because as one foreign minister aptly put it discretion is the cornerstone of efficiency it's just the. least was the french wing of operation yellow but its main task was finding secret
accommodation for newly arrived dissidents because to begin with they would need to remain in hiding. or could all see if also there were secret transit or foreign ministry and they had to be used for something the dissidents need or place to stay after they arrived here and organizing that wasn't easy hokum york real estate agents were needed to find solutions so he consulted experts who are also in a position to care for the new arrivals. and help them adjust to. the french branch of the yellow bird network prepared to receive the dissidents the 1st group of refugees was just a ride 15000 kilometers away in hong kong. where cuz she was one of the few to arrive on one of the mafia speed boats. these boats were used to smuggle all types of goods and were faster than the coast guard's
boats we picked them up in a small harbor. the 1st arrivals were put up a network. was taken to a vice consul. located up on victoria peak it offered a commanding view. given his notoriety i was asked to take him to my place. above all because he was determined to fight on the place he wanted to convene a press conference in hong kong. that could have been exceedingly dangerous so we kept him at my house under the watch of an armed guard who ensured he didn't flee. and then when i arrived in the home of french consulate general i took my 1st bass hot water bass and then i realized my body was all cut by the oysters feel that i
have to swim to the boat and then i was so keen to see you water it was. open and pleaded out. however at that time i think i have filtered a sense of. security at the same time. last . hour just all the parliaments at all and we were hidden in a very large house the owner was famous and rich. confidants the media has just shown. later he was put up at the home of one of the biggest bosses of one of the most powerful mafia triads and on gone there. are not certain whether the young young jackie was aware of that fact. is. he your only question was. reference to wasn't charge of finding
accommodation for other dissidents to you in hong kong. gone nobody could buy a harley and i was given the job of finding secret and safe apartments and houses out a copy for a while so tended to the dissidents daily needs your guys sometimes i offer them comfort or advise them on how to cope with their stress or their fears for their future her situation to reboard. for the refugees the period of waiting in hong kong was a relief. but they were also plagued by and science here over the next step getting across hong kong's border to freedom. to that and yellow bird needed the cooperation of the british or farsi who controlled hong kong's borders.
security it and post-office it was crucial to persuade the british to play along it was ridge so i went to a friend who was the deputy political advisor to the governor and 2 and you cause he but as i said i have where kai she's staying at my house. there are 2 options would. do if either he goes public and holds a press conference or we think of. or we find a way to smuggle him to france fool who basically put it that he will feel. all those facilities to the british knew the chinese leadership society and immediately understood that beijing couldn't be made to look like a loser and. it must never emerged that the dissidents had come through hong kong. so our unit was immediately formed to with the so-called special grange and piggy. immediate small specie lunch. and agent with the special branch of the
hong kong police force was immediately summoned to a meeting at the house of the french consul. together. martin lee jumpier montagnier and francoise foster bank devised a strategy. yes fishing grounds that we had a rigorous protocol concerning the identity of the dissidents or you know as well as the identities under which they would be exiting the colony kings and one of. the 2 french diplomats were asked to supply the dissidents with fake identity papers. allegedly said we gave them a loss a process that's a document with a photograph of the person who's been assigned a fictitious name like you put effort to this will teach a key to the document states that the person has lost his passport and is a french citizen. that way they could leave hong kong with the city put it to t.t. on call for the travel plans for sponsor bank took photographs of every dissident
he needed to take precautions. and all 2 of the green that you have to call the movie tried to make them look very ordinary the like a stereotypical trying to use person almost like a caricature of a not quite in a green cap and blue boiler suit through the bonnet not a far cry from that either he for. the 3 years that these did or rupie. we needed to make them blend and then there was. me used to make up to make them look more photogenic can i give them a more modern look for nico. year. difference diplomats also gave the refugees a 2nd sense of identity documents during their real names they were given a valid visa to enter france. on the day that the poncho jockey and his wife felt relieved to believe in hong kong but the son was still in beijing.
we were reading the newspaper in hong kong and sar read headlines. only paying was calling for my execution. it was clear we had no choice we left the same day we were very sad. as you watch us or want to also afraid. we knew we'd be leaving a few days later to say this is as i remember standing at the window looking out at the mountains 5 i thought. those are the mountains of china. i had to cry. i didn't want to leave china my family my family all my loved ones my future i never wanted to leave china and i'd never dreamed i would have to leave it i wept for a very long time took a little down. on the day of departure
a member of the british secret service met the chinaman fugitive's for a final briefing. surgeons however they argued my wife and i were given uniforms of the hong kong police force. and we were told to wear their efforts to disguise icing as we went through customers and boarded the plane or its origins. thing for the. thing our fears did that. i did it on the day a telegram was then dispatched with the names of those who'd left he said he said that gave our friends and paris time to make arrangements to welcome them politically. as soon as they landed in paris the difference to count they need travel papers someone contacted by members of the elise group on the plane before some bucking others were approached by french secret service agents on the tarmac. a few 1000 pounds off air and that's when we finally arrived in france we felt strange almost bizarre. we were glad to be alive that was the most important thing
on a on it there but we want receptive to the people who welcomed us. we weren't interested in who they were you said the view was that but also we weren't interested in paris or the landscape on the bus. we couldn't take it in the morning at that moment exists the done the world didn't exist for us. all this is a time on. we were very anxious about old friends when we were trying to figure out how many people died the other hand the bad news is keep coming say this person and that person get arrested or they're all friends and they were. but you know it's a very strange feeling when we learn someone is arrested. were sad but also
relief. because that means they're not go. on french soil the chinaman dissidents were now political refugees the lives were no longer in danger but they had to remain in hiding. in hong kong nationally in albuquerque continue to fight for human rights. to this day china refuses to allow the for rescue dissidents to return. desperate to see his parents worker she has tried numerous times to turn himself into chinese authorities are brought but each time they've refused to arrest him. neutered polyps in new york 5 years after she fled china she was reunited with her daughter who nanda recognized her. such a young boy is haunted by the loss of his parents who died before he could say goodbye. young jockeys some not smuggled out of china a year after his parents fled rather than joining them in washington he settled in
paris. lady gaga like the man. you same faults enjoys fast food. and even highly fluid if people ask for. it to photographers dandenault gets close to the stars. by showing what they can in their preference to stuff. your own. 30 minutes of d.w. .
sometimes books are words citing the real lives. raring to memory. of. what if there's no escape. list. german must treat. i'm not laughing. i just sometimes i am but i stand talking that. thinks deep into the culture of looking at the stereotype the question that he is thinking future of the country that i don't. need to change the picture of his grandmother. to me it's all about who. i might show join me to meet the gentleman from the.
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