Optical waveguides are specialized devices or mediums designed to confine and direct light propagation along a predetermined path, primarily in the form of optical signals or photons. These waveguides rely on the fundamental principles of electromagnetic theory to regulate the transmission and containment of light waves within their structures.
The future is looking incredibly bright – thanks to a few atoms thick piece of glass crystal that carries light in a 2D space! Researchers at the University of Chicago have revolutionised the way we guide light, unveiling a technology that's not only incredibly thin but also astonishingly efficient. Imagine a sheet of glass crystal so minuscule, it's just a few atoms thick, yet it can trap and carry light over relatively long distances