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Mars astronauts could get a lot of science work done in 30 days on the Red Planet, even if they have to spend most of their time working to stay alive and stay healthy.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, United States The geospace plume couples the ionosphere, plasmasphere, and magnetosphere from sub-auroral regions to the magnetopause, on polar field lines, and into the magnetotail. We describe Van Allen Probes observations of ionospheric O+ ions at altitudes of 3–6 R E in the near vicinity of the geospace plume in the noon and post-noon sector. The temporal variation of warm ion fluxes observed as a function of time o...