Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin are becoming increasingly popular. Transactions are usually anonymous, fast and inexpensive. But in certain situations, fraud is possible, users can discover information about other users that should be kept secret, and sometimes delays occur. TU Wien has now developed an improved protocol which solves these problems.
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IMAGE: The progenitor (proCoV2) virus and its initial descendants arose in China, based on the earliest mutations of proCoV2 and their locations, which were traced back to occur 6-8 weeks prior. view more
Credit: Sudhir Kumar, Temple University
In the field of molecular epidemiology, the worldwide scientific community has been steadily sleuthing to solve the riddle of the early history of SARS-CoV-2. Despite recent efforts by the World Health Organization, no one to date has identified the first case of human transmission, or patient zero in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Finding the earliest possible case is needed to better understand how the virus may have jumped from its animal host first to infect humans as well as the history of how the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome has mutated over time and spread globally.
Professor Arda Gozen looks to a future someday in which doctors can hit a button to print out a scaffold on their 3-D printers and create custom-made replacement skin, cartilage, or other tissue for their patients.
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Customised medicines could one day be manufactured to patients individual needs, with University of East Anglia (UEA) researchers investigating technology to 3D print pills.
The team, including Dr Andy Gleadall and Prof Richard Bibb at Loughborough University, identified a new additive manufacturing method to allow the 3D printing of medicine in highly porous structures, which can be used to regulate the rate of drug release from the medicine to the body when taken orally.
Dr Sheng Qi, a Reader in Pharmaceutics at UEA s School of Pharmacy, led the research. The project findings, Effects of porosity on drug release kinetics of swellable and erodible porous pharmaceutical solid dosage forms fabricated by hot melt droplet deposition 3D printing , are published today in the