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New pulsed magnet reveals a new state of matter in Kondo insulator

 E-Mail IMAGE: You Lai (left) and Johanna Palmstrom (right) use the new duplex magnet at the Los Alamos MagLab Pulsed Field Facility. The same magnet was recently used for the first time. view more  Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory LOS ALAMOS, N.M., April 19, 2021 A recent series of experiments at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (National MagLab) at Los Alamos National Laboratory leveraged some of the nation s highest-powered nondestructive magnets to reveal an exotic new phase of matter at high magnetic fields. The experiments studied the unusual Kondo insulator ytterbium dodecaboride (or YbB12) and were the first results from the new 75-tesla duplex magnet housed at the National MagLab s Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos.

Brain-on-a-chip would need little training

 E-Mail IMAGE: Advances in artificial intelligence technology is leading to the development of neural networks that mimic the biology of the brain. view more  Credit: © 2021 KAUST A biomimicking spiking neural network on a microchip has enabled KAUST researchers to lay the foundation for developing more efficient hardware-based artificial intelligence computing systems. Artificial intelligence technology is developing rapidly, with an explosion of new applications across advanced automation, data mining and interpretation, healthcare and marketing, to name a few. Such systems are based on a mathematical artificial neural network (ANN) composed of layers of decision-making nodes. Labeled data is first fed into the system to train the model to respond a certain way, then the decision-making rules are locked in and the model is put into service on standard computing hardware.

A study finds gender bias in music recommendation algorithms

 E-Mail Although the problem of gender discrimination is already found in the music industry, music recommendation algorithms would be increasing the gender gap. Andrés Ferraro and Xavier Serra, researchers of the Music Technology research group (MTG) of the UPF Department of Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC), with Christine Bauer, of the University of Utrecht (Netherlands), have recently published a paper on gender balance in music recommendation systems in which they ask themselves how the system should work to avoid gender bias. At the outset, the authors identified that gender justice was one of the artists main concerns Initially, the work by Ferraro, Serra and Bauer aimed to understand the fairness of music platforms available online from the artists point of view. In interviews conducted with music artists, they identified that gender justice was one of their main concerns.

Cool and COVID-safe: How radiant cooling could keep our cities comfortable and healthy

 E-Mail IMAGE: The researchers demonstrated their cooling system by building a pavilion in Singapore featuring a system of chilled tubes enclosed within a condensation-preventing membrane. view more  Credit: Credit: Lea Ruefenacht A novel system of chilled panels that can replace air conditioning can also help reduce the risk of indoor disease transmission, suggests new analysis from the University of British Columbia, University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University. The researchers computed air conditioning requirements in 60 of the world s most populous cities with the additional ventilation required due to COVID-19. Then, they compared the energy costs with their cooling method, using the chilled panels and natural ventilation.

Sweat sensor could alert doctors, patients to looming COVID cytokine storm (video)

Credit: Kai-Chun Lin WASHINGTON, April 16, 2021 Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors recognized that patients who developed a cytokine storm a surge of pro-inflammatory immune proteins were often the sickest and at highest risk of dying. But a cytokine storm can also occur in other illnesses, such as influenza. Today, scientists report preliminary results on a sweat sensor that acts as an early warning system for an impending cytokine storm, which could help doctors more effectively treat patients. The researchers will present their results today at the spring meeting of the American Chemical Society (ACS). ACS Spring 2021 is being held online April 5-30. Live sessions will be hosted April 5-16, and on-demand and networking content will continue through April 30. The meeting features nearly 9,000 presentations on a wide range of science topics.

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