The 2001 report
Crossing the Quality Chasm from the Institute of Medicine (now the National Academy of Medicine [NAM]) underscored the urgency of fundamentally redesigning health care to bring the benefits of medical science and technology to all US residents. The
Chasm report called on all participants in the health care system to unite around achieving 6 aims care should be safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable. The report also described the importance of 3 levels of care:
microsystems (eg, care teams) that are patient-centered, knowledge-based, and system-minded;
health care delivery organizations capable of safely providing evidence-based care; and an
environment of care that supports application of new clinical knowledge, enables use of information technology, aligns payment policies with aims, and ensures a competent workforce.