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As part of a Series of papers on the origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Ian Yang and colleagues1 wrote a readable and informative review about COPD in never-smokers, including risk factors, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention. We would like to draw attention to several uncommon disorders that should be considered before COPD is diagnosed in individuals with little or no smoking history, particularly women.2

Immune imprinting was first described in the context of influenza as “original antigenic sin” by Thomas Francis Jr in 1960.1 Influenza imprinting might nudge the immune response towards conserved regions of currently circulating influenza virus strains, rather than the most immunogenic region of the dominant strain of the future influenza epidemics. Similar concerns have been raised for SARS-CoV-2, in particular, whether previous vaccination or infection with pre-omicron variants might impai...

The eminent American infectious diseases specialist who worked tirelessly for the destigmatisation of HIV/AIDS passed away on Nov 18, 2022.

The impact of COVID-19 is regressing. As society begins to return to pre-pandemic norms, there remains a small but important population in whom COVID-19 is a concern, which includes patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease. These patients were at increased risk of severe COVID-19 during the pandemic,1 and current evidence suggests that they continue to be at risk of adverse outcomes. A major evolution in the management of COVID-19 is the use of direct antivirals and monoclonal antibod...

Understanding the durability of the protection conferred by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination is of utmost importance to guide COVID-19 mitigation policies worldwide. In November, 2021, before the emergence of the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, an estimated 3·8 billion people (44% of the global population) had been infected by SARS-CoV-2.1 This number is likely to have exponentially increased with the spread of the omicron variant, the most transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variant to date, suggesting ...

Since early 2020, countries around the world have seen unprecedented government-imposed restrictions and behavioural changes that have changed the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. These changes have posed unique challenges for routine seasonal infectious disease forecasting systems, which have seen the relevance of their rich long-term pre-COVID-19 datasets for prediction questioned in this new era.

Physician and founder of the Tropical Health and Education Trust. He was born in Cardiff, UK, on Nov 28, 1930 and died of pneumonia in London, UK, on Nov 13, 2022 aged 91 years.

“I know its most likely I got COVID-19 from my 2-year-old daughter”, says Fallen Mendes, a 37-year-old industrial psychologist from Cape Town, South Africa, who works for the Department of the Premier in the Western Cape, looking after leadership development and culture.

Pieter Van Der Wal first noticed something was wrong on a climbing trip with his wife Nelly in 2013. “I was out of breath, and struggling with the climb”, he tells The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. Pieter, now aged 74 years, believed the problem was with his heart, and that is what he told both the doctor where he was on holiday in Austria, and his local general practitioner (GP) when he returned to his home in Ridderkerk (The Netherlands). As he didnt do quite so much physical activity, the ...

Child and adolescent psychiatrist, psychiatric epidemiologist, and global leader in adolescent health. Born on Dec 31, 1954, in Melbourne, VIC, Australia, he died of gastric cancer on Dec 7, 2022, in Melbourne, aged 67 years.