CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology, a way to generate very precise gene knock-out kits, has now been used to produce cows with resistance to bovine tuberculosis.Bovine TB, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, can be transmitted from livestock to humans, primarily if raw milk is consumed (just one reason to embrace post-1860 science about food, namely pa
New possibilities have paved the way for high-capacity optical communications and more effective evolution from a basic pump mode to a preferred parametric mode.
As reported in Advanced Photonics Nexus, a team from Nanjing University and Sun Yat-Sen University recently developed a two-facing “Janus” optical parametric oscillator (OPO) scheme for generating high-efficiency, high-purity broadband Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes with tunable topological charge. The Janus resonator consists of two cavity mirrors, a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal, a Faraday rotator, a quarter wave plate, and a vector vortex wave plate. Different from previous intracavity mode conversion schemes based only on self-reproductions of the phase and polarization, the Janus OPO introduces an additional imaging system into the resonator to assist self-reproduction of complex wavefront, which greatly improves LG OPO performance.