Older adults with more natural teeth are better able to carry out simple everyday tasks like cooking and cleaning compared to those who have lost their teeth, a new study reports. Researchers found a causal link between tooth loss and functional capacity in older adults. Tooth loss was also associated with a decline in social activity.
Markups, Productivity, and Export Dynamics
The goal of this paper is to efficiently recover consistent markups from firm-level production technology under cost minimization settings
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Abstract
The primary goal of this paper is to efficiently recover consistent markups from firm-level production technology under cost minimization settings in order to document the relationship between unobserved idiosyncratic productivity shocks and endogenous markups. It further documents the relationship between a firm‟s export status and its markup and productivity patterns to understand the performance premia of producers. The paper uses the proxy approach combined with the generalized method of moments (GMM) to estimate various production technologies in order to expunge input elasticities and estimate markups based on flexible inputs. This investigation finds that the conventional labour input-based markup estimates suffer from high labour adjustment costs and potentially other lab