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Long-term exposure to air pollutants increases the risk of dysmenorrhea in women Dysmenorrhea, that is, frequent severe and painful cramps during menstruation from abnormal contractions of the uterus, is the most common of all gynecological disorders. It affects between 16-91% of girls and women of reproductive age, of whom 2%-29% have symptoms severe enough to restrict their daily activity. Now, for the first time, researchers from China Medical University Hospital in Taiwan have shown that long-term exposure to air pollutants such as nitrogen and carbon oxides and fine particulate matter greatly raises the risk of developing dysmenorrhea. Based on long-term data on air quality and public health from national databases, they show that the risk to develop dysmenorrhea over a period of 13 years (2000-2013) was up to 33 times higher among Taiwanese women and girls who lived in areas with the highest levels of air pollutants compared to their peers exposed to lower levels of pollutant

Chungy hsuEmily hendersonEnvironmental protection agencyTaiwan longitudinal health insurance databaseChina medical universityCollege of medicineFrontiers in public healthChina medical university hospitalProf chungProf chia hung kaoPositron emission tomographyLongitudinal health insurance databaseTaiwan air quality monitoring databaseEnvironmental protectionஎமிலி ஹென்டர்சன்டைவாந் நீளமான ஆரோக்கியம் காப்பீடு தரவுத்தளம்