Just archaeological object but its part of the Cultural Heritage of the region or of these countries and at that point you realize youre talking about a political dimension or a cultural political dimension as a director i cannot say i dont know when somebody asks me how did your collection actually come into being so my responsibility as director of this museum is to know everything about the objects. Well the key documents in this file are the ones that tell us basically that it was ok to take up the object and this we have to do for everything and im considering that we have roughly 500000 objects you know that this is. A huge task ahead for us something that has to be done over decades really 500000 objects all and so thats an ongoing process that will take until im retiring but the important thing is somebody is doing it every day because you have to have i was i was this is said to have made a new going to close the critics on the present as ive explained bush said you know i said that theres ideologue a big spike zone in just music lamisil never going off in a divorce exacta mode will be a. Professor. And. All the friends you see here have been pretty good. And we would be acquiring stuff and the pergamon stopped acquiring in the 1930 s. 40 years before the signing of the Unesco Convention which isnt retroactive this is. So the museums collection is seemingly protected from demands for restitution but thats not the opinion in turkey especially in the city of god tep young these are guys and they should be and can. Live for so often a minister. That we dont at all my. Name is that down on that was. The man i should when there was a debate the internet. And then say and then i said him as many people in his business is made and ive had. This black list includes objects on show in the British Museum in london but also in the pentagon in berlin although they were all acquired before 970 turkey still wants them back. Its not a question of museums anymore because its a request of the state of turkey. They also are in the process of overcoming. Colonial attitudes towards Cultural Heritage and in this process they have started to realize that. Countries in the west have not always been upfront about their practices of acquiring collections begin to do yeah savation. There is. A palooka. Heres john dowd and they can i know. Given busy im. Busy you know gunson shante can play in kent and then. Begin to d. L. Solution to the visual a set. Of 10 in our money and then i made. An agenda to shoot it in this new they are abusing him in there is then quite a shill no. The pillagers happened over a century ago but turkey isnt ready to forget. Like china and italy turkey has made the restitution of its treasures a political priority. Within its Culture Ministry the turkish government has set up a special restitution unit. 40 or so lawsuits have already been won resulting in the return of over 4000 objects. One of the special units successes is the restitution of this music of orpheus stolen in the 950. 00 s. Then purchased by the Dallas Museum of art after several years of legal wrangling the museum was obliged to return it. While village nations like turkey have a Legal Framework to demand reparations this isnt the case in the private sector where only the market rules. In this antique shop window how many artifacts have a perfectly established origin in many cases its practically impossible to verify. Does the private antiquities market have its own rules immune to International Legislation you know asco had attempted to extend its 970 convention to better control private transactions a new convention adopted in 1905 the unit acquired convention on stolen or illegally exported cultural objects obliges sellers to prove the legal origin of an artifact it also obliges buyers to demand proof but although the original Unesco Convention is recognized by 113 nations only 37 party states have committed to the united wired convention. So the market is winning thriving with its own often shady rules chadian as embodied by the freeport system one of the main thoroughfares of art market trafficking. The best known are here in geneva but the exist throughout the world free ports were originally special Economic Zones which stocked in transit merchandise to reduce or avoid customs duties are dealers were soon renting space in these huge warehouses to discreetly store artifacts by allowing people to store all kinds of objects without the slightest control free ports have long been considered as a hub of antiquities trafficking its estimated there are over a 1000000 works deposited here more than twice the number contained in the movie. This swiss establishment guarantees its clients 100 percent confidentiality its high security site is protected from theft but also from prying eyes artifacts can be stored safely here for years since before. Pulling on the. Left you. Know i mean he can join would you like to find a not understood it should one misread one on sauce fish out on. T. V. Are would order to keep the tax. No taxation an appealing advantage for our dealers while the works remain inside a free port they can be sold and bought without being subjected to any kind of tax customs duties are only paid once when a work definitively leaves the freeport a perfectly legal tax haven right in the heart of europe. These facilities explain why the gallery phoenix keeps most of its merchandise in free ports and the showcases only a small part of the collection is displayed the gallery belongs to tom one of the biggest antiquities dealers in the world. In 2010 customs discovered in alley times warehouse in the freeport of geneva this is 2nd century roman sarcophagus since then it has been the center of a complex legal battle. The stock of. Tools will be awful no online logic to prevent sank are up high on love on do i live on this on the on and off and off on doctor to find us of hope you bleak put on your own music these 2 are so decidedly and dont. Look jane alcopop level. 1st i said proposition to deny assume she was you dont you have a clue jake do you see the idea dont know dip or perform a shop or add me read of get this used extraordinaire in p. S. The med cant get dont get those the large amid count down do. In their next room cities used to get 3 m. Examplar good news all morning dont say im a modest shock silliman they more. Likely still phone them out there learn the killed colleagues pretty near 0 lead looking at their cell phone ipanema shows it in 6 issue and of course that the president dont know havent. Really had many on the pond on a year. Mariette kids who are out there here yes just the most ridiculous who belong on get heated this is sacrifice elapses to the kid what they simply. See live it equivalence in more in lake clare early in this species due to jail he faced with doubts over the objects origin the sale was finally cancelled as the so called because it was probably looted in turkey swiss authorities decided to allow it ankara let your idea for me do cool let your key sit there. But of course if you. Impose it you i didnt go see or jerky man who thought they did agree. To set this exposed as short as it for you call the steam percent last year to put it in for it so it doesnt keep as to the tumble blues doc. Online via our own lot that follow the story of it with a document live only the longer 2 they clearly allowed one or both own them. Except that after being restored in london theres a conflict as didnt return to geneva until 2009 so the turkish lawyer heading the case believes it comes under the new swiss law which demands every approachable origins for all works of art imported after 2005 in september 2015 swiss justice finally ordered the repatriation of the 2nd office to turkey but tom continues to claim ownership based on a certificate delivered by the company art loss register or for years that if you get positive early. Book of us by that suit the glare is that if it lasts nethers does all cope with is a really really classic may see both this late hour of. Getting. A sucky sucky sucky due to a for me. What is an art loss register certificate the precious open sesame of the art market a document which states that an object wasnt stolen. Founded in london 25 years ago as a private Information Service with over 400000 listed objects are lost register who owns the largest database of stolen artifacts in the world for a fee any buyer or seller can ask art loss register to verify that a piece is not listed on its database. These registrations these. Could also be registrations from a museum just in case items ever started on the register them on the database just in case they show off for sale somewhere else and myself is examples of the theft from the National Museum of iraq in 20032004. And what was amazing is they were very careful and you can tell it was well because they went into the basement once theyd stolen everything and they destroyed all the documentation for the objects so that people would know what had been stolen unfortunately the major objects have been recorded elsewhere. They can say actually a different words that weve entered just to help bring that up so here they were drawn they were put. Braided have a heart Something Like that and. In the case of the Baghdad Museum an inventor really existed so stolen objects could be captured on to the database but in war zones very few museums keep precise inventor his and theres no way that objects discovered during illegal digs will ever be listed obviously thats incredibly difficult when youre looking at least you dont logical material that has been looted out of the ground if its taken out of the ground then potentially the only people that even know of its existence of the people who dug it out. And yet this certificate is widely used on the antiquities market as is the case toms sarcophagus. I wish i had a clue powers. I would say. Its weve always been very clear about what our certificates are for and they state very clearly that an item is not in our database and its not being registered with us but that not every theft or loss or looting event is registered with us so its not complete. The art loss register certificate nonetheless remains the main document supplied by a seller to prove his or her good faith a precious certificate which can multiply the price of an object by 10 but why is this as provided by a private company and not by a public body at least on a european level changes in National Laws you go across an interesting nation state in the make it very difficult to resolve issues relating to stolen art in particular because suddenly limitation periods change principles of acquiring good title change is something that people take advantage of to get around the system. And then i would point out more is very much our culture has been very harmful to the economy and the lives of many people challenging traditional attitudes how narrowing the gender gap is helping women in rural nicaragua escape poverty. Theyre trying to break these barriers of machismo by giving women access to myself this need the women leading the way. Women make change on aljazeera. My fast simmons were all. Taken by the Chinese Government all i want to stay with my son stay with my wife and so on this is really human rights abuses of our time we decided to talk about it. Just. Tell the world. The truth about china systematic repression. Of the week is. Tell the world coming soon on aljazeera. The bolivian sold. A place like no one. For generations by the silly. But the discovery of precious little below the song threatens to change their way of life for any. Witness sellitto are now just the raw. Hello im Barbara Sarah lunde these are the top stories on aljazeera the u. S. President says he will soon issue an executive order also rising sanctions against current and former turkish officials in response to turkeys military offensive into Northern Syria donald trump says he will also stop negotiations with ankara on a 100000000000. 00 trade deal and boost tariffs on turkish steel to 50 percent meanwhile on the ground the Syrian Government forces of moved into the strategic city of might be said to hold or has more the situation on the ground is quite dangerous but what we understand is that contacts are taking place the Turkish Defense minister saying that he held a phone conversation with his russian counterpart because there is like you mentioned the potential of direct confrontation a new front in members that is a town in Northern Aleppo its its at a crossroads at a major supply line so its strategic for all parties to want to capture. At least 5 people have been killed in the latest antigovernment demonstrations in guinea one policeman and 4 protesters i have the Police Presence limited the number of people on the streets but there are still many violent clashes in the capital caracas and other major cities protesters are angry at a proposed change in the constitution that would allow veteran president. To run for a 3rd term as more. This is. Normally a bustling road filled with people and activity its a ghost town most people have stayed indoors because look around you these are the Paramilitary Security forces and the opposition accuse them of shooting them down with live ammunition over there you can still see protesters gathering this is whats happening throughout the capital and throughout the country sporadic attacks or confrontation between the Security Forces and protesters protesters that are out on the streets to protest against attempts by present day to change the constitution and run for a 3rd term in office there have been large demonstrations in barcelona after Spain Supreme Court handed lengthy jail sentences to 9 catalan separatist leaders for their roles in the failed bid for independence 2 years ago more on all those stories on the aljazeera news hour thats coming up in less than half an hour coming up next our trafficking contains thanks for watching. With the absence of common legislation and with skyrocketing prices trafficking has taken on industrial proportions. That it will be in the majority but the evolution is very good but there is a mental note that this bill is evil i didnt meet them look it up but it will motivate the other joke among journalists and repeat this story to us a lot that the semester the 2nd just that out of the 2nd at the argument and indeed it is that the bus if you know general tell it you dont know is that the teacher there that us earth that these predators are callous to complain that as of today looters have direct access to the market all they need to do is post their object online where it can be sold anonymously in recent years the number of websites selling archaeological artifacts has increased our 100 fold on one of them we found this clay nail probably from iraq officially this type of object has been banned from sale since 2004 but on these platforms no one cares about origin export licenses or legal documents its the final stage of what has become global trafficking. Believed to be the 3rd highest illegal trade in the world antiquities trafficking was rarely in the public eye and. Yes it has gone unnoticed for years but footage of destruction by the Islamic State of iraq and the levant isis has caused a Major International commotion. On any i being here oh me me me me scenery let me. Ask you who. Music did tweet music. Live music. On your hike you. See. Me and. The. Tweet. Song battle of the. I dont going to come i said petition that cmon theyre demented he said youre. The stage destruction by eisel hides another reality much harder to measure mass looting. Since its founding has been suspected of part financing its activities through antiquities trafficking. See poor could it be least 6 now and again my gas would not stay said that they did and that to secure it that no 3 said maddon executed it is like you think that. This was a key subject at a press conference to present the new red list published by i called the International Council of museums for 15 years i come has been publishing lists of rare objects from various countries which threaten to turn up on the International Art market this time it concerned antiquities from iraq and syria suspected of financing eisel operations as proof that the subject is being taken seriously several International Figures attended the meeting including Richard Stengel representing the Us Government who would launch the offensive or you might we just go and essentially has this the department. Also why. Are you going to. Good evening im delighted to be here. What weve seen over the last year is i saw as weaponization of information and the cultural destruction that theyre practicing is the weapon ization culture so this is a destruction of history and destruction of culture and the destruction of human beings thousands of human beings at the risk of being too graphic i would say that burying or selling an artifact is where finances the beheadings of muslims in the middle east. Sal thats one quick solution. You know by now sal and its a very good slogan its obviously impossible to completely police it and to be certain about it. One of the things that weve seen is that isolates using existing criminal markets that have existed over 102030 years in the region are using those people as middlemen to finance their operations. But how do we know what exactly is going on in the field absa the association for the protection of syrian archaeology has been recording cases of plundering in syria the association based in strasbourg and founded in 2011 at the outbreak of the countrys civil war is headed by syrian archaeologist. According to information gathered by hobson i saw isnt the only armed group of plundering sites in syria all the actors in the conflict are to blame. Really military. Act here in Moscow Military talks here youngster. Or you dno. More active. An example. Feel me. Agai