Country in brazil and south africa who do still contract the virus with this vaccine. They do so only with mild symptoms. So it seems to eliminate altogether serious instances of disease disease thats important. Its also shown to be far more practical. It seems than those other vaccines in the sense that it is much, much cheaper in terms of scaling up mass producing the headlines, israeli Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu has made an unannounced visit to saudi arabia. To meet the crown Prince Mohammed bin solomon, the head of Israeli Intelligence agency, mossad, and the u. S. Secretary of state, much pompei, you were also present. Leader of the g. O. P. Has taken a region, has dismissed a 72 hour deadline to surrender issued by the government. This is according to reuters, which coats the shell. As saying to him, people are ready to die to defend the region. Prime minister told the Peoples Liberation front to lay down arms by wednesday or face a final assault on the city of mckayla. Hong kongs prodemocracy activists, joshua wongs pleaded guilty to Unlawful Assembly during last weeks purchase. So he was joined in court by 2 fellow activists, agnes chao and ivan lam. The 3 will be held in custody until sentencing next week and could get face 5 years in jail. U. S. President elect joe bidens is set to make cabinet appointments in the coming days as longtime adviser and need lincolns expected to be secretary of state budgets sullivan is being lined up as National Security adviser. In the former french president , Nicolas Sarkozy is jude to go on trial in paris on corruption charges, accused of attempting to bribe a judge that case is set to last until december 10. Thats my mileage for today. Thanks for the company. The latest edition of inside story is next. A blanket of toxic small indias capital is suffocating with Dangerous Levels of pollution. And people in new delhi are being warned. It could make them all vulnerable to toby, 90. So what can be done to avoid a disaster . This is inside story. Hello, welcome to the program and burn its me. The air quality in indias capital is amongst the worlds worst in winter pollution in new delhi source, making it extremely difficult to breathe. The air becomes still on a thick cloud of smoke settles over the city. Its full of pollutants from vehicles, Construction Industry and crop burning to name a few. These lead to eye and nose infections and lung diseases. And on top of that, theres the corona virus which makes risperidone illnesses, potentially deadly. The quality of air in new delhi deteriorated dramatically nearly 2 weeks ago. It reached 490 on a scale of 500. A score between 0 and 50 is what the World Health Organization considers safe to breathe. But on november 10th, particle pollutants briefly surged to 30 times the safe limit. The number of people complaining of a spurt or disease in new delhi was reported to have risen. Doctors say 13 percent of the citys recent covered 900 cases may be linked to pollution. Many of new delhis residents have complained of breathing difficulties on days when pollution levels saw going to face trouble breathing as well as mild headaches. More than usual, as the winter is settling in along with the rise and pollution, our heads hurt even more. It is absolutely impossible to go out and about without masks because of the pollution they would be really going to have diabetes and hypertension. The double blow of covered 1000 and pollution has affected me a lot. I wasnt stepping outside my home because of the bad air and the lack of physical activity made my diabetes get worse. Pollution is posing a lot of problems. I run daily after running on the road. I feel the impact on my life. It feels i bought this protection mask for that, but the pollution is so bad that this mask in provide adequate protection from polluted air. The level of oxygen becomes low. If we dont wear a mask, we face problems. There is pollution. That got slightly better after the rain. It is still there. New delhi is battling both toxic and the record surge. In corona virus infections. Its seen more new cases than any other indian state. More than 7000 people a day, a developing kovac, 19, the number of beds available with ventilators is shrinking. The government has flown doctors in from other regions and expanded testing. But there are still Major Concerns over the ability of new Delhis Health care system to handle the crisis. Lets bring in the guests there all in new delhi. We have deeper, senhor, an assistant professor of economics at on Better University in delhi, dr. Sirica verner, an ear, nose, and throat surgeon, and karthik is a Research Fellow at the council on energy and environment and water. Welcome to each of you, karthik. Ill start with you. If i may, this pollution appears every autumn. Its not new. Why is it still happening . And why is it getting worse . I think its happening everywhere, primarily because you know, this is when the winter sets in. So its as much of phenomenon as it is a manmade phenomenon. And all it says basically that this pollution exists around. It just manifests itself in such a worse manner in the windows. So the pollution, the dependence on private vehicles. They the management of solid waste in a city state of delhi. Incessant burning of waste that happens because its not collected in this post off in an appropriate manner and construction, dust and debris. All of these big sources of pollution which dont get addressed youre around and it just comes up, you know, in a much bigger way. And i think, you know, the episodic incidences of proper ning, and the valley fire crackers, all of these add to it. So i think theyre, theyre a distraction for the policymaker, honestly, because they focus their attention inordinately on attending to those, you know, for the few weeks in the days for which those exist. But then the moment that dies down, everybody feels a bit gone back down to levels which are acceptable. And then for the rest of the year, nothing happens. No news channels covered it either unfortunately. And in november next year or in october next election, ill be an option. And so i think its basically because the attention is there only for the very start bit on the issue. But were not addressing it in a holistic manner throughout the deeper is that what happens, people kick up a fuss for the few weeks that the pollution is there and then they forget about it and forget to address the root concerns. Absolutely, i completely agree if you look at the causes for the pollution, much of those apps ischemic be going to anything about them to get logical issues. But we all know what that come autumn. This is how its going to be, and then us so many pings and dont look for the Behavioral Changes as well. Those institutional structures this need to be done in the much more consolidated memo and the sustainable model of continuously. Well, i guess the pollution and of the dont see that happening. But what we see is that those who cannot afford it, if they grow up to get out beautifier out as the season changes, while others upload. But overall its something thats become quite a bit to blame, but the unfortunately, one thinks of the city and the government said, generally the public seem to be thinking about it only then does either come sorry, can i mention this must be one of the busiest times of the year for you, can you just explain what the worst the most severe consequences of this pollution are on patients that you deal with . Well, lucian, it is a problem throughout a lot in cities like delhi and the golf. Well, as it becomes much wasnt been dull, but were seeing this a kinky yet only a from september to february. So it does, they distressing. Do not do that well added i and then you know, yell to have base in the back to make the one thing which is not done in the body. And then the added pollution makes it much worse. You have respected the stress in the latitude basins, but the last month and i have been describing medications, the end of leak because were not fully aware that in november that it is really become much worse, the pollution levels will go beyond control. And oh yeah, well its our children and the specifics of stocktaking, then i believe theres only ok calling me and pollution act and find them because theyre going to have a minister to disease. Ok, thank you. A cough think many indian set cities top the global list of the most polluted new delhis the at the top of the list. Why is new delhi particularly more susceptible to this level of pollution than other parts of the country, even though there is pollution elsewhere . What, whats special about new delhi . I think its the geography of course is a very big part of it. Its just, you know, it sits adjacent to like a hurley big dust bowl. Which means that theres always a constant influx of dust coming in from the desert, and from perhaps even from central asia that adds to the ambient level generally way. But in addition, this is the metropolis thats been growing, you know, in an uncontrolled manner for the last 3 or 4 decades enough. And as a result of back, its, i guess and doesnt have any abating influences of a coast which lets say a moon biota chennai article got to have as a result the pollution basically stays and we dont get this effect of meteorology which, you know, with the temperature inversion. d and all of that in others, in other parts of the country where the population density is so much an added to that the dependence on private vehicles for instance. And that is phenomenal. There is of course, a lot of public transport available. The metro is great. The bus system is reasonably good, but the number of people using cars to get it on is just, i mean its, its outstanding. So all of that, of course thats to it. And i think the bigger problem really is that the city administration, the state administration and the Central Administration are 3 different bodies that basically control it. And does this no coordination among them to actually make things better . Right. So some roads that under some administration, some, some roads and others. So because of the lack of coordination, its like, you know, if you handle it, you handle it. And as it is not, you know, nobody funding it. And thats one of the reasons why we have, i think, a plethora of issues that the city faces. Deeper conflict mentions the bureaucratic problems. India has got a central pollution control board and there are state pollution control boards. How effective are they trying to manage pollution in the states but cut in 3, the pollution control board dont really have that much beef. And they, they are not believed to do this kind of cordon nation among states on policy issues. To give an example, one of the external factors in the season is the stubble bonding, which happens in the neighboring state of punjab. So the ag, because of the policy said has to change and the Punjab Government has to be told that family has to use alternative technology. That is something that the pollution control board that entity is not empowered to add to. It is so consistently behind an ordinance putting, setting up a new commission that is supposed to look into all of this. But once again, this happened only last month after the pollution began. So we do need, a better institution, school activities, as you said in t. V. , dont have to make this thing along with Building Infrastructure in terms of public transport and so on and Public Awareness as well. I think leave the institutions that the havent or take to handle sirica. Of course, on top of all of this, we now have the coronavirus. How is the pollution making life harder for people who are suffering from coronavirus . Is it making things worse . Sequel it 19 takes that is pretty systematically and reduces the oxygen saturation even in the best of times. Then you have the pollution increasing to such levels. This fitrakis just increases and so even patients who are becoming getting back into one pot and they never home isolation, im not needing to the oxygen. And that is why our big hospitals, us struggling to keep beds available for every patient unless every patient had this issue. Handle of any oxygen starts dropping. If you dont need high oxygen bags. And that is already stretching the existing, very thin interest at the breaking point. And ill even today i was struggling to get a couple of people and with the entrance of many different that i am right now. A, do you see any light at the end of the tunnel . Dr. Is this going to get worse . Do you think even, well, i mean, you know, they and i learned the struggling. Fortunately, guy has a lot of mortality. Its 1. 5 percent compared to us and europe probably looked at it. The reasons are probably because the welby should have been exposed to different kinds of fire this is earlier on, and that is hopefully our saving lives because whats patient were going to 8595 percent, they say let it go to get home. Having said that, pollution needs to be back until that the employer gets us. The other infant deaths evolution cause about 1. 26 lakh. Thats well, and im still for a disease then you know only, well were 90 happened then b. And i would stop then, you know, we have had about one point, you know, black and thats in india for a disease that is causing deaths every year. Yet i dont mean all this is not taking it basically just yet. I would like it would lead to that in emergency. Ok. Deeper referred earlier on to stubble burning as one of the reasons for have been neighboring states punjab and haryana again. That has been known about for a long time, the burning stubble from the rice paddy and straw from the rice paddies. Why hasnt the government able to tackle a lot so so were looking at the farmers in punjab on this matter. And i think the primary challenges that you know, this generation of thomas a country that is so used to this cycle of, you know, rice and beat that for them to think of shifting away to something as right. Dick was systemic changes right from the procurement options for alternative crop that they might so do training regarding, you know, how do you go bar, you know, cropping other other crops, the watering back down the resources required. All of that needs to start from scratch because the government actually spent a lot of time and money getting them to the right in the 1st place. You see they were actually left and youre talking about, you know, through the eightys and. d now, given that the not so much effort and money has gone into actually getting them on board to cultivate place, i think equal amount of effort needs to go in to sort of make a new learning all of that and telling them that, well, this is not sustainable from many of us, the most important of which is the water availability in the state of the job, which is precipitously declining with every passing year. And in the interest of long term agricultural profits for the states, i think the farmers will have to adapt to growing something else. But that is not going to happen with strict art collector. I will find you if youre blunt. It has to happen with one holding with, you know, these agricultural extensions as theyre called school. So to say for farmers to grow and learn and for them to get resources and to stop them and to get the resources to paint them. And if that doesnt happen, and if the government doesnt, you know, look out of their own market mechanism to provide other crops they otherwise would cultivate. This is probably going to go on for a while until, you know, it just becomes unsustainable. In many other ways to just go dyson plant, which would be a sad state of it, because it can eat quickly to help us understand why this. Why this process of burning off has enjoyed the governments trying to get farmers to find other methods to clear the field. And i know theres a tight reef seeding pretty area between the harvest. Just help us understand why thats a problem. I mean, the solutions have been developed a home grown, thats the beauty of it, which is, you know, theres this, you know, these happy cedar and, and these are the technologies that help, you know, incorporate the, as i suggested you in the soil. But the thing is that all of these are, you know, implements one on top of the other. One job is already one of the most heavy, mechanized agricultural states and perhaps regions in the world, right . The per capita ownership of things like a party of, of, and of harvesters and of practice probably rivals jadavpur and america. Which means that, you know, i think more and more employment makes it very expensive prospect for farmers to actually continue doing it. And theyre already under serious levels of debt. So that after we leave, you know, models that are sustainable in terms of whether its leasing, whether its Community Purchase and use it. And then of course the education part of it, as i said its, its happened in 4 years, but every year unfortunately, weve kind of gone with the stick in september of each year saying, you know, do this or you get fined, do the same, you get fined and the political will to sort of girl, you know, implement the fine is not then its unfairly that i have to actually ask them to pay a fine because nothings been done throughout the year. So i think unless we can actually put money where the mouth is and do something about it, and i think in the long run, the better solution is to not even the long end of money in the medium term. To get them away is probably the solution, but i think its happening increasingly when the conditions were seeing because a lot of people are saying that the cost of agriculture is already going up significantly in punjab and maybe list come to it there in a farmers the shift and mass as opposed to, you know, trying to sort of solve the rice, how do issues deeper. The government does have a National Plan and launching 2019 to, to cut pollution by 20 to 30 percent by 2014. How realistic does that target look now . So like all of the issues that kind of think this talked about and what people have been discussing the dont see in the Actual Movement on the ground or manual says. So if the pink that if things continue to read, they are not then the targets. I think that the important point is for understand that this solution is not the one thing event. That this is something that needs a change in many, many things. Like the act because the policy, so it cannot be that in these months we find the promi