Yesterday. And coming up in half an hour, David Sillito reports on the shortlisted buildings including the winner for the 2019 Riba Stirling prize, one of the most prestigious awards in architecture. Good evening and welcome to bbc news. Thereve been fierce clashes between turkish troops and kurdish militias in northeastern syria. Much of the fighting has been in the border area near ras al ain. Turkey claims its military has entered the town, but the kurdish Led Syrian Democratic forces dispute this. Since fighting broke out on wednesday, nearly 50 civilians are believed to have been killed and more than 100,000 people have fled their homes. Ankara says it wants to establish a 20 mile deep buffer zone, across the frontier with syria, to keep out kurdish militias and resettle syrian refugees. From akchakale on the turkish side of the border our middle east correspondent, martin patience, has sent us this report. Despite the growing international pressure, turkeys not backing down. At the border, the build up continues. As turkey claims its taking control of a key syrian town. Gunfire. Allahu akbar. This pro turkish fighter says theyve just entered ras al ain. Almost immediately, theres incoming fire from kurdish fighters. Gunfire. Tens of thousands of civilians from the town have already fled. Some are now sheltering in this school. How do you explain it to a child . This boy says he was at school when he heard an air strike nearby. He says the whole class dived under their desks. There was shelling, says this man. I had to flee my house in the middle of the night. We didnt know where to go. We walked about six miles. And im sick and i dont have any medicine. But turkeys president says his fight is not against the kurdish people. Translation the west and the us all together say to us, you are killing the kurds. The kurds are our brothers and sisters, our fight is not against the kurds it is against terrorist organisations. Driven from their homes by the fighting, thats not how these people feel. Martin patience, bbc news, on the turkish syrian border. And martin spoke to us from akca kale earlier. Bus loads of fighters heading towards the border. As you were saying, they have the manpower, they have the weapons. They are, after all, a nato power. Most people think it is only a matter of time until these key target towns fall under turkish control. Theyve already taken a string of villages from kurdish fighters. And were also hearing news that pro Turkish Forces have reached a key highway 20 miles from the turkish border. So today was a day of significant military development. And despite all the international criticism, president erdogan says this offensive will continue. Well, a little earlier i spoke to wael alzayet, who was a Senior Policy Adviser to the Us Ambassador to the un, samantha power. He told me that washington was now weighing up what measures it could take to rein in the erdogan regime. Sanctions could potentially hurt turkey, the turkish economy still has not quite recovered from the crisis that it went through a few years ago. It has been exasperated by tensions with russia, with iran and the ongoing syrian conflict. It could potentially have a devastating impact depending on the scope and the scale of these sanctions. The bigger issue here is that we have now an open conflict, at least in the rhetoric, between and within nato allies. This is extremely problematic from a geostrategic perspective. I can only imagine how happy Vladimir Putin is currently right now. Turkey served as the cornerstone of the Transatlantic Alliance to withstand soviet expansion after world war ii. And here we are, we cannot figure out how to assuage the security and political concerns of a nato ally and protect incredibly important counter isis partners. Its very unfortunate. Whats really important for your viewers and listeners to understand is that it did not have to get to this point. In 2014, 2015, there were plenty of opportunities to diversify our support for local counter isis fighters and the international community, particularly the united states, chose only the ypg, knowing fully well that turkey would never accept them being the main leading force against isis. And well find out how this story, and many others, are covered in tomorrows front pages at 10 30pm and 11 30pm this evening in the papers. 0ur guestsjoining me tonight are joe twyman, whos director of the polling company, deltapoll, and the author and journalist, Yasmin Alibhai brown. The biggest storm to hitjapan for 60 years has made landfall, bringing powerful winds and torrential rain to the west coast. Millions of people have been urged to leave their homes, ahead of the arrival of typhoon hagibis. From tokyo, Rupert Wingfield hayes reports. This is the hii river near mount fuji. Usually it is a Clear Mountain stream. Today, it was turned into a raging, boiling torrent. Across central japan, typhoon hagibis has dumped record amounts of rain. 0n the Southern Side of tokyo, the tama river is now close to bursting point. Tens of thousands of people who live along its banks have been ordered to leave their homes. The big dangerfrom these sorts of events is water. Water is the thing that can do real damage, both if this river burst its banks, if it causes landslides in the mountains or, of course, when it reaches the sea. As night fell over tokyo, the eye of the storm approached, bringing winds gusting to over 140 kilometres per hour. This is the centre of shibuya, one of the busiest places normally in tokyo on a saturday night. I dont think i have ever seen it as deserted as it is tonight. In fact, the whole of tokyo is incredibly deserted. The centre of the storm has now passed to the north of the city and it does not appear to have brought the really destructive winds that were first feared. That is good news for everybody including, of course, rugby fans. Today, japans rugby team had to wade their way onto a sodden field for some last minute practice. Saturdays big match between england and france had to be cancelled. But there is hope that japan will be able to take on scotland on sunday in a match that will decide which team goes through to the knockout stage of the rugby world cup. Rupert wingfield hayes, bbc news, in tokyo. Im joined by dr mohammad heidarzadeh, assistant professor of Civil Engineering at Brunel University in london, who is a specialist in the impact of typhoons. Thank you for coming in. Its a pleasure. First off, looking at what typhoon hagibis is doing, what can you tell us about this . This is a special typhoon because they are different types, some are unique in terms of bringing a lot of rain, sun typhoons has a very high winds and some typhoons make a lot of landslides but this is a type of typhoon that brings a lot of rain. The rainfall being injapan in the last 2a hours was the last league same as the total rainfall in the uk in one year. In london we had only 600 millilitres of rainfall in one year, but just the 600 millilitres of rainfall in one year, butjust the last 600 millilitres of rainfall in one year, but just the last 2a 600 millilitres of rainfall in one year, butjust the last 2a hours, we had 950 millilitres of rainfall in japan. We are just looking at the pictures. The amount of water is incredible. You can see on the screen. What does that do to infrastructure . What is the biggest risk . Two main risks. The first is flooding, which is obvious. The next one which is more dangerous is landslide. Because of too much rain and flooding, we will have some problems with instability of land. Landslides are the main problem in japan. Just last year, we had a typhoon in japan and japan. Just last year, we had a typhoon injapan and that typhoon made 2000 landslides in hokkaido, for example. This is just made 2000 landslides in hokkaido, for example. This isjust a picture of the seriousness of the situation. Ive been reading that some reservoirs have had to let out some water to try to ease the pressure. Japan is very used to natural disasters. Yes. Yes, sadly so. What sort of preparedness do they have in place . Obviously, japan is one of the very well developed countries in terms of facing the disaster, they have very good infrastructures. Last year, i was injapan for the surveys of the typhoon that was a category five typhoon. The number of deaths was 89. This really shows. For comparison, a category five typhoon in the caribbean just two years ago, hurricane maria, had hundreds of deaths. Japan is very well prepared. They have very good infrastructure in terms of controlling the flooding with dams. Sometimes when we have a lot of water, we have to release some of the water through the reservoirs. I know there was a 5. 5 earthquake that also struck. I mean it just earthquake that also struck. I mean itjust all came earthquake that also struck. I mean it just all came at the earthquake that also struck. I mean itjust all came at the same time but ina itjust all came at the same time but in a different area i understand. Yeah. Ijust want but in a different area i understand. Yeah. I just want to touch on Climate Change because, obviously, you are involved in Civil Engineering. And how weather is affecting us and it will affect our surroundings and where we live. Is this something, as a civil engineer, you have to take into consideration . That weather patterns are going to affect how we live and how we plan oui affect how we live and how we plan our living areas . Obviously, we have more storms this year, this is very obvious and cannot be denied. Not only more storms, but also more severe storms. Just japan, for example, i was injapan a few weeks ago. If you remember, we had another typhoon in japan. I ago. If you remember, we had another typhoon injapan. I was there a few weeks ago. Imagine we had a category five typhoon a few weeks ago and again today another category five typhoon. Typhoon hagibis injapan 110w. Typhoon. Typhoon hagibis injapan now. This is very obvious that Climate Change is affecting us. When we look at the records of the past 100 years, we have much more storms, much more flooding, much more damage. Just one more example of the disaster today. Many of the places, many of the cities injapan, they recorded the maximum rainfall in the past 80 years. This is a very. Big warning to all of us to acknowledge this change and hopefully to prepare for making more investment for infrastructure, for making our societies, our communities more say. Thank you very much. Its a pleasure. Communities more safe. You are watching bbc news. The bbc understands that a proposed law designed to increase Legal Protections for uk veterans who served in Northern Ireland has been dropped from the queens speech on monday. A former head of the army, lord dannatt, told the bbc that the move was very disappointing. In july, Boris Johnson had promised that he would stop soldiers facing prosecution over historic allegations. The speed people in their 40s walk is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodeis, are ageing. Thats according to an International Team of scientists whove described the finding as an amazing surprise. In a study of 1,000 people in new zealand, they found that not only were slower walkers bodies ageing more quickly, but their faces looked older and they had smaller brains. Doctor Leena Rasmussen led the research and spoke to the bbc earlier. We measured it in three ways. In this study where all the data is coming from. We measured the average speed at which people are walking, the normal pace. And we measured the maximum speed without running and we measured a dual task gait speed, meaning people had to recite alternating letters of the alphabet while walking. And each of these three measures are equally associated with accelerating ageing measures we have been investigating. We found in this study that people among the as year olds that we studied that the ones. The 20 slowest walkers had multiple signs of accelerated ageing, compared to the fastest walkers in the study. There is definitely differences, and also across age and stuff but if you look at a population where everybody is the same age, youll see that the ones who are slower, they will probably have the fastest ageing within that group. But there is obviously differences across age groups as well. The headlines on bbc news. Theres been fierce fighting in North Eastern syria, as Turkish Military continue their offensive against kurdish forces. Typhoon hagibis makes landfall in Japan Bringing torrential rain and strong winds millions of people have been urged to leave their homes. The kenyan athlete Eliud Kipchoge makes history after becoming the first person to run a marathon in under two hours. Sport and for a full round up, from the bbc sport centre. St helens have beaten Salford Red Devils 23 points to 6 to win superleagues grand final at old trafford. St helens finished top of the regular season leaders, salford were big underdogs, st helens finished top of the regular season as runaway leaders, salford were big underdogs, and saints went ahead with tries from Morgan Knowles and zeb teyer. Salford began the season as 150 1 outsiders to reach the final but answered back before half time through jake bibby. St helens were always in control and after the break they stretched their lead with another try, this time Mark Percival finding a way through. 23 6 it finished, st helens lifting the trophy for the First Time Since 2014. Ireland secured their place in the quater finals of the world cup with a 47 5 win over samoa. Tries from rory best, tag furlong and this one from jonny sexton set ireland well on their way, but then bundee aki was sent of for a high tackle meaning ireland had to play more than 50 minutes with just 14 men. But they went on to secure that all important bonus point try who else butjonny sexton clinching it. Ireland now have to wait to see what happens between scotland v japan to see whether they go through as pool winners or runners up. The republic of ireland have maintained their unbeaten record in euro 2020 qualifying, drawing 0 0 with georgia in tibilisi. The result means ireland stay top of their group ahead of denmark, who beat switzerland. In a largely lacklustre match of few chances, ireland had the opportunity to grab victory late on but brightons Aaron Connolly missed two good chances. The republics next match is away at switzerland on tuesday. There has been british success at the world gymnastics championships today with olympic champion max whitlock regaining his title in the pommel horse event after an impressive routine in stuggart. Irelands Rhys Mcclenaghan finished third, becoming the first irish gymnast to win a world medal. For whitlock, though, this is his third world title. This time, for some reason, im speechless. I cant believe it. I got so emotional. Ive got pins and needles in my fingers. Im so happy. Im so happy with that, its unbelievable. A medal too forfor britains becky downie. She led for much of the uneven bars event, only to be pushed down to second by belgiums nina derwael, who was the final competitor. And its proven to be a day to rememberfor the downie family as beckys younger sister ellie took bronze in the vault. The vault was won by americas simone biles. It was her 23rd World Championship medal, equalling the record held by vitaly scherbo. Kenyas Eliod Kipchoge has become first athlete to run a marathon in under two hours. He crossed the line in one hour 59 minutes 40 seconds in vienna this morning. In the build up to his attempt, the olympic champion compared the feat to being the first man on the moon. 0ur reporter ade adedoyin was there. Eliud kipchoge came to vienna with his sights set on one thing. Running the quickest marathon ever. And from the word go, he was on track and well ahead of place. On track and well ahead of pace. The Detailed Planning was paying off. Some 41 pacemakers have been employed by the organisers to be part of this challenge and every time they go past this point near the finishing line, they rotate. Just one of the many steps that have been taken by the organisers to ensure that kipchoge ducks under that two hour mark. Special shoes propelled the kenyan further forward with each pace. They had calculated the optimum course and weather, taking into account his biorhythms and even projected a laser onto the road. But all this means it cant be ratified as a world record by athletics world governing body. Hes pointing. Come on, he says. As the finish line approached, the pacemakers stepped away and kipchoge strode into history. Into the final 20 seconds, Eliud Kipchoge. Looks over his shoulder. 1 40 the unofficial time. Im the happiest man to run under two hours. In order to inspire any people. In order to inspire many people. To tell people no human is limited. You can do it. I expect more of that, for all of the world to run under two hours. Already a great athlete with world, and olympic titles, kipchoge will now be remembered forever. Ade adedoyin, bbc news, vienna. What a moment. Thats all the sport for now. Thank you. Lets get more on that historic achievement from Eliud Kipchoge. And speak now to former team gb athlete, liz yelling, who competed in the marathon at the 2004 and 2008 olympic games. She joins me via webcam from poole. Thank you forjoining us on bbc news. Your reaction to that incredible news . It looks like weve lost layers for now but hopefully we will come back to her. Lost liz. To find out what she makes of Eliud Kipchoges achievement. Riot police have clashed with indigenous demonstrators in ecuadors capital, quito, for the tenth day in a row. Police fired tear gas and protestors respon