App. Next, a forum on Science Innovation featuring professors and policy experts. The talk about Climate Change, Coronavirus Vaccine development and policy priorities for the Biden Administration. Everyone, for coming. We are going to get started. And, thank you so much for coming to this summit, the future of science in america summit. Now that election day is behind us, we are eager to discuss of the highstakes ahead for science and policy as we concluded makes really difficult, and at times, devastating year and as we approach 2021. Next slide, please. Ambition is to critically impact how the public views scientific innovation. We are published by good and up worthy and grateful for support. I am aaron marks. I am a founding director of the institute, science and society program. Science and society was 2019 to helpn foster a more diverse and engaged scientific worse workforce. The gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the rita allen foundation. We would like to thank the general supporters. The magazine aspires to as a unifier of our nation. It was positively reviewed in the washington post. Are a number of the articles that you can view online if you check out the magazine. Next slide. We are thrilled to have a stellar lineup of experts to discuss the future so future of science in this country. Two experts will speak for approximately eight minutes before we moved to the next pair. At the end of the five conversations, we will bring the speakers back for a q a. You can submit your question using the q a feature. Atwill conclude the summit 1 10 p. M. Eastern time. We will have the chat open for all attendees if people wish to react to the discussion ors share information. Or share information. We will not be reading the biography. We will time each conversations for eight minutes and give notice when there is 30 seconds remaining in each conversation. Our first pair is dr. Michelle mcmurray and dr. Franz. We will bring those two into the spotlight. To kick uswelcome off with the first question. So, i am interested in how you are seeing this impacting science funding. We have seen new models for scientific funding. And 2020. What is this mean for the future . Dealing with the covid situation, impacting science funding, michelle . Exactly. Several agencies are busy. They are doing an admirable job. I know the National Science foundation, with which i am most doing reviews remotely. Tremendoustting a number of awards. That it is working out very well for that particular agency. I have been much more involved in the philanthropic world. The foundations are stepping up. Signs philanthropy alliance, for which i am a toior advisor is doing a lot encourage the funding of basic research. The foundations are stepping up, realizing the tremendous importance of the continuity of science funding. Have been so many allegations of political interference in science funding and the covid related projects and agendas through this last year. Can public trust and science agencies further the progress of science to the benefit of the public . That is an important question, michelle. It is essential that the public trust the science agencies which. Ave been authorized and funded there have been allegations of political interference in the agenda or projects by some federal agencies. Reading ang, i was misstep by the ceo of sigma phi thinkhow should be established including outlets, those of the Scientific Societies have recorded various instances. I think that the fact so many are concerned about these allegations and congress is clearly concerned is a healthy sign that the public wants to ensure trust. We want to hold them accountable, want them to be transparent. That is a good thing for our democracy. In my term of six years, we did not suffer from political interference. We hoped to maintain our mission to further the progress of science. We were sensitive to the priorities of different administrations. House0, our white memorandum laid out the basic principles for the development and implementation of scientific integrity policies. Published, ahad few years later, their scientific integrity policies that were consistent with the intent of that memo. There was an uneven application, oversight of the policy. They found that a number of the departments we have a ways to go. Congress is actively proposing requirements for scientific integrity among the agencies. Example, a bear in march of requireuld record scientific Training Programs and so on. It had almost 200 supporters in congress. Bringk this issue you up will come to the floor with the new administration. It is an important one. Part of what we are seeing in terms of competence around a potential Covid Vaccine and responding to covids public discomfort with how science can understand something one day or seem to be going in one direction and then face a setback. How do you think we can better educate the public on the . Cientific process and how covid really brings that question to the forefront. People perhaps did not think deeply about the scientific process and were confused about why were not there absolutes that we have a cure for this or we said we were going in this direction, why didnt we get there . Progress, understanding treatments, understanding how to contactata analysis and and the important vaccines. There they are understanding time forakes a long ,cience to address important big milestones, big goals. E had a number of samples the imaging of the black hole and so on, that we were careful to report. These took decades to come to fruition. Teamwork, global teamwork. And so, i think that there is more of an effort on the part of scientists and engineers and the and everyone in Media Publications to reinforce how long it takes the different. Teps about 30 seconds remaining in this conversation. Midst of an the president ial transition season. I participated on the Obama Transition Team many years ago. To theuld be your advice Transition Team looking at nsf right now . I think the agency is remarkable in its goals and its its team that has people exceptionally committed to the mission of the agency. My advice is to do no harm. It is such a beautiful agency. We want to always encourage more young people to get involved in science. That the nsf is an toitation to young people find out what it is like to andit a great proposal be a part of the entire spectrum of science and engineering. We will bring dr. Mcmurry heath back at the end. Are happy to have the head of office of Health Science and Technology Innovation at Johnson Johnson. Johnson johnson. I hear you are busy working on a vaccine. Can you tell us a little bit about it and some of the have about thee equitable delivery of the vaccine . Ande is johnson and johnson what are some of the challenges youre considering on the road to making sure the u. S. And the whole world has access to it . 24 7 since the beginning of this year, when treatment for the coronavirus became a valuable available in january. Is is vaccine that a platform. This is the same platform that reviews many of the other , including the one we developed for zika but we never launched it. Ika kind of disappeared the same vaccine is being used in the hiv arena. And the bullet vaccine was approved by the European Union approved bycine was the European Union last year. We have a huge vaccine expertise. We jumped on it immediately. Is in phase today 3. The studies are ongoing across the world. In latin america, in south africa and in many countries in europe. It is a singledose vaccine. Fingers crossed, we are hoping to see the results soon. To have batches of the vaccine available for earlyncy authorization in january 2021. To make one billion vaccines per year. Our commitment is to make it available for a notforprofit price. In addition to working with , in terms of equitable access and distribution of the vaccine, we are working with many other people. We made a commitment to annotate a portion of our vaccine as early as next year to the lower and lower middle Income Countries and lower Income Countries. This is a commitment we made at was makingy where g7 a commitment to equitable access across the world. We are looking forward to the results. And hoping to make a big difference for the world. That is wonderful. I am sure everybody is delighted to hear that. Youre the head of Global Innovation at Johnson Johnson. In africa youre trying to encourage finding the next einstein for science and engineers. I personally think the future of science in america depends on the future of science in the whole world and how we interact and engage with the whole world. Can you tell us about your efforts, globally, in encouraging young people to become the next einstein . May know, as you Johnson Johnson is a global company. People Global Network of and products. Today, i know everybodys mind is on covid. Have multiple things for medical solutions and medical devices. Wewe think about that and think about the pipeline, we about the sure pipeline. The diversity of ideas, i think we all believe an know that science is not individual activity. It is a team sport. It is also a national and collaborative enterprise. A great idea can come from anywhere or anyone. To pounce be prepared on those ideas. Are the solutions to make the world a better place. That is just great. Innovationu see being required in what you do . Where do you think we have the biggest need for most innovation . I think it is across the globe. I think on the one hand, we are focused on Public Health solutions and infectious diseases. There continues to be a huge need. But the noncommunicable diseases , cancer, heart disease, alzheimers, as of last year, before covid, we all thought that was the next ticking time bomb. It probably still is. That is another area. As i think across the whole landscape, we have come a long way in health care. Majorhere are still challenges to be solved. These do not recognize national boundaries. They are human specific. Cardiovascular disease, cancer still remains a huge issue. We are excited about gene therapies. A place where we want more innovation is the personalized medicine the future that we all imagined. 30 seconds remaining. Future, i think it is personalized medicine. But also, in the hands of young scientists all over the world. Thank you very much. Good luck with that vaccine development. Thank you. Be joseph, a professor of biochemistry and biochemists at ucsf. Hi, joe. I dont see you yet. There you are. Hi, how are you . Im doing great. It is a very interdisciplinary type of innovative approach to solving problems. What are some of the things youre working on now . Sure. There are two organizations, the Zuckerberg Initiative and bio hub. I am with the bio hub. They are two separate organizations. Covid, you areof asking what are we working on or what were we working on precovid and it is ironic. Precovid, the bio hub and the bill and Melinda Gates foundation, we were working on an worldwide, Early Warning for infectious diseases. Kind of ironic. It was to leverage biology and infrastructure in low Income Countries by giving them technology training. The price of analyzing data has actually gone up while the cost to process samples has gone down. There are solutions to that. What good is the data if you cannot analyze it . Was ivc. Ion this was precovid. People in your own country to analyze samples from people, insects, life stocks, environment. Whatever you want . Making an emergency pathogen dashboard for the world was the idea. In early january, i was in cambodia, with the team, helping to set up the system there. It was with the institute there that they used the system to detect a chinese tourist with covid. We were able to sequence that genome in midjanuary, early on in the pandemic. We thought great, the system is working. This thing probably will not go. Ar past asia we were badly wrong and that, obviously. Now the march, where are we and what are we turning our attention to . We made a huge pivot. Everything we do now is all covid, all the time. Critical lab testing in the bay area to address the testing for ,he most vulnerable populations prisons, jails. Technology to be more actionable and useful. That is, every time or every two to three times covid jumps from persontoperson, a mutation is introduced in the genome, pretty much randomly. This effectively leaves a breadcrumb trail in the dream youn genome that allows to trace back where the virus has been. This is an amazing tool. We have been sequencing all of the covid genomes we can get. We are turning that information back to the counties in a way to make the information imminently actionable. You may ask how does that work . You have two nursing facilities, both of which have outbreaks. This is a real example but i will not name names. In the sequence data, we saw d identicalhare genomes that are geographically distant from each other. We know they did not share patients. Had to share employees. We found the link to cut transmission changed sure. We need to use every scrap of toormation we have right now stop the third transmission of the virus. Up,ith thanksgiving coming there is already a spike in covid cases. It will go even higher. Talkingnology you are about, it sounds amazing. It sounds almost sciencefiction light, which is fabulous. Why is, why isnt it that, in america, where we are one of the most advanced nations, having so much trouble we are having so much trouble . There is a lot to unpack. One of the issues, there are many issues, ranging from political to organizational. Let me address some of the obvious ones. I can speak mostly for of 58rnia, we are a stay counties. Each county has its own department of state of 58 counties. Each county has its own department. You have 58 different ways of doing things. 58 intentionally different information systems. Transmitting information among counties is hard. We had a conversation with one of our departments of Public Health and said if you could have anything you want right now, a shiny testing machine or more people, what would it be . And the officer said information. Our inability to move information around and coordinate makes us uniquely unprepared for a pandemic, which does not give a hoot about county borders. Exactly. If you think about contact tracing, we have not been able to Deploy Technology in the way other places have deployed technology. Let me switch gears for a second. Clearly, some leadingedge work going on around the country. What role can academic and private sector collaboration can play . In this pandemic and also in the future and how is that important to the future of science in america . In a situation like a pandemic, i feel like it is all hands on deck. You need to do what you have to do to get the job done. People aree what working on before, today, you are working on covid. We turned all of our attention to addressing what the problem had to be. That is why we spun up a testing laboratory. Of labcorpquestion company, why are you doing this . Everybody has a responsibility in academia and in the Nonprofit Sector to step up and do what they can in the moment of the emergency to the best of their ability. You cannot sit back and wait for the cavalry to come. If there is anything we have learned in this pandemic, no one is coming. 30 seconds remaining. You worked in infectious diseases. This is collaboration on a massive scale. Borders, whatfic can we learn from this sort of collaboration . I hope the lessons we have learned are those that persevere. In thessons were learned 1918 pandemic but were forgotten over the decades. Worked to relearn how to together and transmit data and information in real time in a way that is useful to everybody and to have coordination across Public Health authorities, which, right now, we dont. I hope that we learn to use these tools and technologies. Hat are developed we still do not have an operational vaccine. I hope the lessons of this pandemic will not be forgotten. Thank you. Such a great note to end on. We appreciate you joining us. Thank you. We are joined by the founder one vote. A Nonprofit Organization votested to getting on issues like Climate Change. Now that the election is behind us, what are the next priorities for you and your peers who are committed to Climate Change and equality . I would love to think the election is behind us but, aside from the ongoing struggle of conceding what the results were and the results are what the results are, joe biden is our president elect. I want to highlight the fact that the election, in many ways, is not over. I want to put a highlight on the Senate Runoffs that are happening in georgia. Right now, we are seeing the control of the senate will come down to what happens in georgia. There are two senate races in georgia where the control of the senate will come down to that. In many ways, the ability for n to have a corporative senate depends on when he does with science policy. I want to make sure that we highlight that is not over and that our mission is to mixer we get as many people on the ground in georgia to go out and vote before that senate runoff. Change,comes to climate i think what we have seen over the last few years has been fairly classic cataclysmic in america in terms of what we are doing for Climate Change. I am glad that even in the conversation of all of the science stuff that we are having Climate Change brought up. I think a lot of the focus of the Science Community is on the coronavirus. Rightly so. We cannot ignore the main crisis we have. It is clear that we need to reduce