One of our students. She is in many respects a quintessential representative of the almost 500 students who come from more than 70 countries to enroll in are bachelors in Foreign Service program. The discussion underway this week, the discussions are urgently needed because the divisions we are witnessing globally are more pronounced and disconcerting than at any period in my lifetime. We are beset by wars and bear witness to unspeakable atrocities. Democratic principles and institutions including many elite universities in this country are on the receiving end of in sustained of sustained attacks. We know that the complex problems in humanity cannot and will be will not be solved by any single state actor. Yet too many of the people who we need to come to the table often do not show up or if they do, they talked down to others or at others. Ironically, at the same time when not enough people are sincerely communicating, we live in a world burying beneath an avalanche of words. Words that are often empty or toxic. The Communications Technologies available today make it also both for people on opposite sides of the world to talk instantly, yet we are more fractured and polarized than ever. In the midst of all the ceaseless talking, we have lost the ability to listen. We need to learn or relearn that vital skill and we need to start listening to people who historically have been denied a voice, such as the palestinians whose struggle for liberation has become synonymous with freeing the world. We are here today to figure out how to get things right, how to put things back on track or on track for the first time. We are here to foster what pope francis calls a place in the mindset of conversation. The peaceful equitable world for which we are in must become engagement and discussion. The frameworks built in the 1990s and the globalized era were made in america for america, not with the rest of the world and not for the entire world. The rest of the world which has registered its displeasure at being left out of the conversation now has our attention, which is why we must create new spaces for Global Dialogue and encounter. Those who may be able to help avert tensions between the u. S. And china assuming the superpowers valued their perspectives, of course. We need new frameworks and spaces that invite more conversations, spaces that incorporate young people, whose anxiety over the political, economic, social, and environmental futures are understandably acute. We need to give greater voice and agency to humans and encourage them to act together across borders for positive change, which is what we are doing at georgetown. Our campuses provide us an opportunity to engage with the world, to examine americas role in the world from within the world. To study from a global perspective and provide this to future leaders who would otherwise not be able to access it. The exchange of ideas between doha and washington dc and riches both campuses. It is consistent with this universitys gesso in values of caring for each other and the world we inhabit. Our campus in doha and are expanding global initiatives is more important today than perhaps it ever was. Im honored to join our faculty and students as we seek to learn from and more attentively listen to each other. And now to our panelists this afternoon. Our first panel will examine the surge of nationalism around the world, how it undercuts efforts to form a vibrant global society, and the new approaches that must be forged. Our second panel involves cold war to point to, the view from the rest of the world, exploring applications for the International Community if a cold war between the u. S. And china escalates. The panel will consider how other countries and transnational movements might help to avert a u. S. China confrontation. At this point, i would like to invite our panelists, who will be in a conversation with our moderator, to come to the stage and kick off our first panel. Thank you very much. [applause] great crowd. Thank you so much for coming out. What an incredibly esteemed group. We have a hard out at 3 15, so im going to be a ruthless, dictatorial moderator. And i will keep the trains running on time. Already down one. [laughter] it is incredibly fitting we are having this conversation about Global Solidarity when the entire country is seized with a Young Movement a young peoples movement. I spent much of last week on campus with students attending protests, hanging out with them while they were waiting for their classmates to get out of jail. It has been a really extraordinary thing to witness. I want to hear what you all have to say about that. But just a step back about a little bit, the early years of the millennium promised and some might say threatened and moment of global convergence, a technological age that would accelerate the erosion of physical borders and globalization was going to make us all richer and happier. The technological cando spirit. But this narrative fundamentally relied on a continuation of the trajectory that was set by the global north and that the global south had very little say in. In many ways, it really didnt work for the global south even as the global south was condescendingly being up ushered upward on the latter of development and prosperity, supposedly more modern and egalitarian vision of how the global north had grown rich. We all know because you have written eloquently about it and how you all came crashing down. There are a couple of things i want everyone to have top of mind in this conversation. One that i sense in your work a really brave and important refusal of binaries. The idea of hardened separation. The ideas that things can be both and. That is a theme i would like to explore. The other is an abiding belief in the primacy of human agency and creativity in the face of the forces that are emergent. And i think that we have all tried in our various fields to find these places of interconnectedness. My real hope is that we can really focus on what is the glue that we can emphasize that brings us to greater solidarity and then also what are the solvents that are dissolving the bonds of solidarity between us and how do we push back against them . So, next to me and im going to do very short intros because you can read all about these incredible people and i dont want to lose a minute of our conversational time. A professor of social scientis sciences at buenos aires. She is a feminist and political theorist and has written many books on liberalism and feminism and so on. Im very excited to talk with you about your work. An indian pope poet, a curator,s work is deeply influential and it centers on the complex history of pluralism. He has written many books and i wont be naming all of them, but im excited to talk about our relationship to history with you. A philosopher at the university of tokyo, also a leading contemporary marxist thinker. His work centers on questions of growth, questions of climate, and how we can start to think about. His book slow down was published earlier this year in english. A huge bestseller in japan. A professor of journalism and political science. He is a colleague whose work im proud to alongside. It is fair to say that peter, as a commentator has emerged as a really essential voice to explore ideas and paths forward in a situation that feels utterly hopeless and he is someone who i have turned to when i feel hopeless in the last few months. Then we have the dean of Foreign Service at georgetown. More importantly, he is someone who has worked all across the globe in poverty alleviation, at the world bank, conflict moderation and resolution in kenya. He and i were neighbors in delhi. We would walk our dogs together. I think just someone who has a lot of really fascinating and important things to say about the crucial role that america can play in giving birth to the new world order. One that is not of domination, but one of collaboration and solidarity. I really need to shut up now, ive talked for a long time. Lets dive in. I would like to talk with you veronica about what we are seeing on University Campuses today. You were a major part of the protest in 2019, half a Million People came out. Walk us through what is required to build those coalitions and solidaritys for a Movement Like that to have that kind of size and power. And what are your reflections for the students who are out there marching today. Thank you very much presentation and question that is politically very relevant for us. I think it is very powerful, the image of the students in the campus, in the encampments protesting. I think it is a very powerful cultural revolt against the genocide in palestine. For me, it is a powerful image to the world and also i think today universities are spaces of political activism. In argentina some days ago, there was a huge manifestation for Public Education against our current government and he wants to defund for public universities and i saw that in france, the youth activism at the universities in a moment that the right wing is an antiintellectual project also. Its interesting to see what is a politicization of our spaces. And how we built our alliances. I think for example in argentina it is important how the political activism at universities, but also in popular neighborhoods and in collectives. The main issue is how to build expanded alliances with other sectors and to produce a very inclusive Political Movement. I think it is also a challenge. Because all of the neoliberal activation is you have your process and it is your demand and that is all. I think that the political challenge is to produce a political translation and tried to connect and try to produce a transnational dimension of our political demands and political struggles. For me, it is vital to see uprisings on campuses here. And also a way to distinguish what is the function of knowledge, what is also the function of social media . Displaying political messages in other spaces. And how we produce a connection between very different landscapes and countries and vocabularies also. So, this idea of thinking about linkages and ways to bring people together and feminism has that global dimension. One thing about your work is you work a lot with the past. We are living in a time of deep obsession with the past. That we have movements on the right, india, modi, in his case and in most of these cases, a fictionalized past that never really existed. And it strikes me that at the corner of your work is an effort to recast our relationship with the past and to use it to help us understand the present, but to loosen the bonds the past might hold on us. Could you talk a little bit about that work and how that might apply to the struggles we are talking about . Thank you for that. I honestly never thought i would see anything like this in my lifetime. I belong to a generation that regretted not having been around in 1968. To see this primal scene of revolution playing out here in some ways at the heart of the world order has been really salyer torrey in many ways. I think it reminds us that crafting a political vocation for ourselves is not thinking about where and how we belong, it is very importantly what we stand against and to define that and to do it in this transnational, trans regional way, that to my mind is truly hopeful. That reminds me of the kinds of worldviews we grew up with in south asia. I will get to that in a minute. I will try to do this as briefly as i can. What we are seeing around the world today, whenever we see these autocratic totalitarian regimes that want to work from a very narrow and monopolistic singular view, to my mind that only dramatizes the fundamental pathology complicit in any nation state the mother nationstate as we all know this and sometimes forget it, the mother nationstate really stands on the ground of exclusion. Exclusion and expulsion defines most modern nationstates. I think that is rather than work with a negative, destructive spirit, working out of a fictive notion of what tradition is. How do you bear witness . How do you expressly retrieve memories that complicate your sense of who you are . Complicate your sense of what your past is . In our own case in india, we have inherited a colonial cartography. We tend to cut ourselves off from replenishing connections with the arab peninsula, east africa. And this is just one example. I think we need to seek these connections out because it helps us to get away from the immobilization of historical narratives. This leads me to think about the Bridge Builder or the border crosser. These are crucial figures we need to keep in mind. We also need to think of a more proximate, temporal horizon. Im thinking of the postcolonial visions of convergence and collaborations across borders. That had a much more optimistic and redemptive narrative to offer us. The Solidarity Congress and the emergence of the nonaligned movement. It is characterized here as a giving up of the responsibility of standing with the free world against the soviet bloc. It was really about not losing the hardwon freedom of the anticolonial struggle and to make our own way in the world and to seek out our own destiny. I think we need to draw on those histories and it strikes me as im speaking that we tend to speak of the global south has postcolonial. The global north is also postcolonial. They live both conceptually and in very material terms with the outcomes of empire. They are equally involved in this enterprise. So, i would like us all to maybe think together about this predicament. And to see how there are processes and pedagogys we are all a part of. Im getting to the point of anecdote, as you can see. I think of what my generation which came of age in the late 1980s and 1990s drew on. I think we were inspired and informed by very refreshing forms of pedagogy. I want us to be able to think of how these circulations from below, if you will, are still involved. How do we recover them . How do we continue with them . Im going to leave it there, but im going to think of this kind of experimental, radical, redemptive pedagogy of dealing with these questions. I would love to come back to that end the fallout of that experience on both the colonized and colonizer. Talk about i think all of us are weird with this fantasy of limitless growth. Can you describe why this is a fantasy and how both production as marxism and late capitalism have run us aground in this moment. One of the most exciting and challenging ideas in your work is this decoupling of abundance from growth. Talk about how we move beyond the zerosum of the neoliberal model that we have all grown up with. Let me talk about something else. Because i have talked about it in the last few days. People will be bored to listen to the same thing over and over. Thank you for people coming to this Global Dialogue today. Georgetown today. I would love to join but i had to come today because i did not come yesterday. I participated in a demonstration with students for the Palestinian People and i walked down these students to George Washington university, stayed a couple hours, india. It changed my perception of divide, which is a topic of our session, so i want to talk about it, because when i usually talk about divide in the context of this, it is, as you mentioned, infinite growth, and the global north is associated with the imperial model at the cost of people in the global south, which leads to further divide, so thats why we need a different idea of abundance and so on, which kind of assumes the divide is actually between the global north and south or it is located in a divide between the u. S. And china, russia. So the divide is outside. It is projected somewhere outside. But that kind of perception of the divide hides the true divide within the u. S. , and this divide within the u. S. Is associated with republicans and democrats and how authoritarian fascism might come to the u. S. And someone. This is not particular to the u. S. It is everywhere in europe. Yesterday, student protests and actually arresting those students, i came to the conclusion that the divide is actually within our own group or class, because, you know, the president of columbia university, supposedly a super liberal university, ordering their own students, which is really a different kind of accident thats going on. And a professor of economics getting arrested. This is a different kind of police action, you know, it is not like black people getting arrested by the order of donald trump or Something Like that. These are people for whom i ordinarily have respect arresting students who are in a peaceful manner arguing for, you know, or demanding a cease fire or Something Like that. These are the basic ideas of democracy, human rights, diversity, and these are ideas that i really endorse, and thats why i came to the u. S. 20 years ago as an undergraduate student, to study those ideas, because i thought the u. S. Was much better place place than japa. I wanted to come to the u. S. To study about those things but now after 20 years it seems democracy in the u. S. Is also in a kind of crisis, but not because of trump. That is my point. This is new and we have to think about it because otherwise countries like russia and china will say this is a double standard, democracy does not exist and someone, but that is not something we want to do. Concepts like justice and human rights, these kinds of ideas must be preserved. We cannot have some kind of relativism or cynicism. So in order to do this, i think we really need to think in a different way. In this sense, i wanted to express my solidarity with those students, who were trying to bring out a true universality instead of simply rejecting that kind of idea of universal freedom or justice or simply being satisfied with very eurocentric, almost hypocritical idea of democracy and diversity. Its fascinating because i think one of the things i have seen in these protests and among the people who are lets call them us, educated progressives, wellmeaning people, is this strong desire to draw a very clear line between College Students and, you know, other elements who are protesting, in to see this as a, you know, yes, you know, we can be supportive even if we have some questions of the College Students who are protesting, but, you know, not the anarchists with them or them were kind of radical elements, so there is an interesting binary thinking at work there as well and this sort of and the sort of insider outsider questions with that. Peter, we have seen you live through the part of the question