For collective intelligence. What do you get at mit . One is strategic organizational design about how to organize companies in different situations including Innovative New things like wikipedia and the other is a leadership workshop where i talk about students learn about capabilities for leadership. What is the collective Intelligence Center . We studied the kinds of things i wrote about in my book, collective intelligence, a very general way. Individuals acting collectively in ways that seem intelligent. By that definition, you could say everyou company or nonprofit is a kind of collective intelligence so our communities, democracies are examples of collective intelligence. They foreshadow a little bit what they talk about collectively intelligent systems. I realized it was super mind. Cethats the name i chose for my most recent book. How has it changed how you view this . Its very important, the kinds of minds of technology thats possible. Theyre probably overestimating Artificial Intelligence. I think it will be very important but i think people are underestimating how important hyperactivity will be. Hyper conductivity, connecting people to other people. Huge new scales and rich new ways that were never possible before. The internet is the enabler for the hyper conductivity. I think we are just scratching the surface. What you see as being possible . Wikipedia is an interesting example. When you think about how an encyclopedia would have been written 30 years ago, people sending letters or maybe emails back and forth, he would have had editors and reviewers because of the free communication all over the wor world, thousands off people have been able to create an encyclopedia far larger than anything weve ever had before. In manya ways, possibly far betterar and by the way, almost for free. Ctso thats away hyper conductivity made it possible to organize the work of writing these documents. Much more easily in a different way. You awful also say overestimating beauty of Artificial Intelligence, which is a huge turn. Absolutely. Artificial intelligence, the first one we did called Artificial Intelligence implications for business strategy. Lots off people, i think there are potential for help Artificial Intelligence will be used. I think many people with Artificial Intelligence will soon be kind of like people, doing the things people do. Sitting in the drivers seat of a car. Nk its a misleading way of thinking about what Artificial Intelligence will enable us to do. Whats the most common use of a. I. . That depends on how you define a. I. I would say Many Companies are now using dropbox and things that use some kinds of a. I. s to communicate with people. More and more things like that. These programs today and in the foreseeable future, are capable in particular tasks. They dont have the same kind of general analysis that we humans do. The dark about lots of different subjects, use common sense and etc. Its a long ways away, probably. Use yet just scratching the surface, correct . Yes. I especially meant the surface of possibility for hyper conductivity. Lets go over to the overestimating, in ten years, 20 years, what has been your field . A lot of people estimated in the past as part of way of answering that question. I think the reason it is easy to overestimate the potential of a. I. Is because of sciencese fiction, computers but its much easier to imagine computers than actually create. If you ask people today how long it will take until we have Artificial Intelligence, an average answer will probably be about 20 years from now. Thats what many people would estimate. But what a lot of people dont know is that people have been asking that same question since the beginning of the field of Artificial Intelligence. In the 1950s. People estimated a. I. Has been about 20 years away in the last 60 years. I think its unlikely that well do that. That we have that in the next couple of decades. We have a few minutes left. I think about ibm, something in the program, you got a role in this. What is that function . Duke use it as an example of the original program, the game show jeopardy, better than any human players of the game. I do know the person who led the development of that program and i confirmed with him when i suspected. The program was so good at playing jeopardy, couldnt even play tictactoe much less this. Very specialized for that particular task. They used the term to describe others but i think in some ways, that may make it harder to understand that those programs o are just other programs that are called the same thing. I think we are still a long way from the general a. I. Program that can do all kinds of different things. You also teach in mba class, you advise your students to invest and or participate. I dont have any particular recommendations about any companys products. I think the enterprise at ipm and many other companies are engaged in, harboring Artificial Intelligence techniques and more problems, business and medicine, i think its a very worthwhile enterprise. I would ask my students engage in that. Does the hyper conductivity. That is one example ofby what you can do with hyper conductivity. Thats one thing you can do very easily. There have been some Amazing Things done with that. Thats one but not the only way. Caller good afternoon. I agree with your assessment of Artificial Intelligence. It first popped up, people trying to make things happen. The result so far are interesting but not really major. As far as people using computers, i must give an example. Johns hopkins created the first global satellite navigational system, with a team of four people during the programs. The point was, andnt all the problems we had of every time from a science to computers, the adversary at the top was, everybody who had any idea, anybody could solve a problem. Essentially, our example, they ran successful 19 years before gps. I thought you might be interested in the example. Its a perfect example of major factors you are talking about. Good example. I think you describe the team of people who Work Together on creating top computer program. It sounds like your team of people have a mind themselves, then what they produced was a program i could see a lot of other cool things. I think his Artificial Intelligence, we are seeing more and more useful things that Artificial Intelligence is seen. We almost take itt for granted but thats an early example. Next call from new york. Caller i wanted to show overtime. I wanted to ask doctor malone if hyper conductivity could be related to emergent behavior in groups of lower life forms. In other words like how colonies like birds, ants and schools of fish, would he consider that a form of hyper conductivity . I would consider corrections of animals in many cases examples of collective intelligence or super minds, birds flocking together, colonies and beehives, examples of what i think is interestingn cases of collective intelligence. In most cases, i would not consider them examples of hyper conductivity because they to communicate with eachac other oa fairly local level. So they communicate with eachh other, one bird consents another birds flying near it but they dont show the kind of Long Distance communication across the entire planet that we humans have. Its the hyper conductivity that i think will lead to some even more interesting kinds of collective intelligence and super minds. Its possible for people to know too much. I was talking a few days ago with some of my colleagues, a nobel prize winner, he had the view that many things we want to be able to do in government, if we have too much conductivity, transparency, they make it harder to do whats actually needs to be done. They always worry about what anyone in the world would think about every comment about what should be done. Its a gamee thats not just making the best decision, a game of how can i say things . That doesnt lead to good decisions. Talk about liquid democracy. This is an interesting possibility that i think we dont know foros sure it will work on a large scale. But its an interesting possibility that we should take much more seriously. You can have a kind of combination of direct democracy and representative marcus a. Direct vote on each and like we have it in the u. S. Here, their representatives who in turn vote on your behalf. Y on this democracy you can do both. As an individual boater, you can vote directly on any question you want to. But most of us dont have the time or interest in doing that. You can also delegate our right to vote to anyone else we want to. Voting on military issues, i give my wife on the environmental issues. The anytime i didnt like it being limited, i could always take a back and either myself or give my future someone else. The advantage of that is that it lets you create democracies that are often much more responsive to me desires of voters than what we have to do. They take advantagetu of knowlee about the particular question and the people here that this democracy wouldnt even be feasible without computers. Super minds, the author of the breach of work, focused on this