Two republicans and one democrat. She was plucked out of getting ready to leave after president bush the second, she was ready to go and work on injuring violent extremism until tillery clinton brought her in the office and said, talk to me about what you are doing. She said im doingy a lot. And Hillary Clinton decided she was just the right person to create a brandnew jobor for. And the job was special representative to communities around the world. That little job. [laughter] she is banned in the National Security council his adjustable jig she you she had a special First Time Ever position at the state department. The most important for me, is she is the very im going friend. When she was at the state department, i was at the state department and we Work Together. I was always amazed at how incredibly smart she is. She strategic in her thinking and she has a way of staying things that you will understand. These are very complex problems. When we are talking about violence extremism. I dont know if you remember this but you once said to me, if you knew what i know you wouldnt sleep at night. Which of course made me not sleep at night. Me [laughter] i knew that i couldnt think of things that would be so bad but would not even come close to some of these issues that she was working on. When we are dealing with is an ideological battle. It calls for a different kind of response. Shes got it. It is very well detailed in the book. How you win and what serves to be an interruptible problem. There is a live in the book we see, this is intractable and this is intractable, but this its not. So maybe we should begin by you talking about what it means to have open power. First ofo all im going morning and i really am delighted to be in medicine. Ive been hearing about medicine for a long time from hannah. And i often see this is the truth, that one of the best gifts that was ever given to me is the representative was the opportunity to work hannah to get to know her. And its true. And well get into how and the circumstances on which we met. They collaborated is the better word. They hannah, one of the things that has puzzled me, this was far people out there who know that there are some really difficult challenges that we have. Some of you in the audience will have family members or maybe yourself have to deal with a really fickle medical illness that there is no diagnosis for. The scientists out there who are trying their best to figure out a cure. There are other issues wherere e think, this is going to take everything with god or a 200 years or even they were never going to be able to figure it out. Some of us might think that t about Climate Change but will go there another time but when we look the appeal, of the ideolo ideology, the hate of us versus them. That is notle an intractable problem. You are not born hating. You learn how to hate. So seems to me, after all of the work that i have been privileged enough to do for our country, that we ought to take it seriously and see okay would we need to do. It is really, upon each of us to think more strategically about what we do in our daily lives because it makes a difference to the larger environment in which we live. But its also very important that we makee sure the both legislative shift of government and the executive branch of our government, understand the population in america is like what is the back in state aid is okay. Is always stand for. And it isnt about a problem over there. Like al qaeda or Islamic State or Something Like that. Unfortunately we are dealing with all of those things in 2019, bonus, we now get White Supremacists on thest rise. We now get o neonazis in the re and think theres only collaboration in terms of the asset versus them you. Know mistaken. So we do asked the question about in the intractability of this, its not an intractable. Solutions are available right now. Secondly talk about what one of the things i in the book with. And that is a very particular diagnoses in terms of what stock was in our government. Around how we solve problems. This book talks about the solutions. Very critically government has a role to play. So do corporations and so do regular sentences that will get into this but open power, is an assessment based on my time in government where would we look at what our options are, our tools in the toolbox, i see in you know, that our colleagues is smart is they are, there is a way to do things. So with our power, the military executed things in a very particular way and they study, passed to military endeavors and they learn what they must do in the build machinery for the future wars and they have a whole system in place. The soft power, but we are looking at the department of state in other parts of our government, are chosen until bucks unfortunately are super limited. Weve been looking at things the way we designed the system for the cold war. We think okay, were dealing with ideology and heres the bucket of things that wein can continue be doing. And i see, the son enough. In the 21st century, when we have a rise of technology the way we never couldve imagined, live demographic of Digital Natives both z millennials and generation z who are absorbing content in ways that we all are reading about in the papers. All of the time. And we know that there are in a search in what can happen with a ion of the things in terms of how we get content or what they believe. I am staying government. Listen you cant use 20th century tools for a 21st century environment. Open power says lets open the aperture. Lets look at things differently. Sort of a Design Thinking for government. And we need it the policy table. To help us think about what it is we need to do. Government often goes outside and talk to a expert, maybe brings a man down around table, weve done that very interesting, they go off and we go on with our usual stuff. That is not well we have to solve some of these problems. The kind of thing im talking about, want to see historians at the table. I want to see anthropologists and stenographers. Aussie people who think differently about culture to help us understand what is happening to millennial young people who are absorbing in our generation z who are absorbing this ideology. Is you know traveling 80 countries orng so, she just came back from london. How do we at the scale of what needs to happen, is so enormous. Breaking it into doable parses theki challenge. Working with government which you have at the highest of levels, is have i, we realize that for congress to appropriate her name, they want shortterm answers. That program that we funded, didnt do what we said it wasnt. E how do we get the culture and where the real her name is which is in government to learn more longterm and to not decide that every Little Program has an made it a through to the next appropriations bill how do we do that. The state department didnt do that when were there. Farah we have to think very differently about what it is our goals are. If our goals are in fact two radically change the environment so that the majority of young people, not all of them, were not leaving in poland a pollyanna lincoln pushed back, thats the Congress Needs to understand that the way in which we arens asking questions have o change and you cannot ask questions the way you would for the department of defense to see is that new piece of equipment that we just spent 3 billion on going to work. Im not against our power i think is important in circuit circuits is but this its not a solution, that plain or that satellite or this or whatever. Number of troops is going to fix the problem. This requires congress to r see our excellent colleagues, our former colleagues who are in the department of i state, that our aim embassies around the room have the capacity to do something really remarkable. If they are given the tools. And we are asking them to do things with one hand tied behind their backs with no her name to execute in the issue is still hannah. It isnt aed question of program here or there cant tell you that often, tell me where the priority countries are. Yeah, right because ideology has no borders folks. Something that happens in trinidad. When it was appealing to young people and you are getting four and five yearolds coming to syria. It is that he was shocked and surprised the people from trinidad was going over there. If you know paying attention to what is happening to the people, that the so called chris, is something very significant for this generation of young people growing up post 911. That is the issue in the crisis of identity this navigation of young people asking omi. What is the difference between culture and religion and how can i be a modern person. These are the questions we know they are asking. Its not only happening in nigeria, or only happening in denmark, or only happening in morocco. Its happening across the demographics that is connected is Digital Natives. What is Congress Needs to do, thanks globally. Think about how we can make sure that wee scale and that they put their her name with the methods. Dont get in front of your constituents. This goes to the executive branch you dont tell me that ideology is important. In every single politician or policymaker has said that. And then not doai anything. I would rather tell me American Public, we are not going to fight it. Its not about us, were not going to get into it thats going on our merry way and do something else. Dont put pennies into this problem when there are options that are available for far less than what is spent in the short term for fighting the physical wars. I will give you data. That he is the book and i think its a part one. Mi it camebi out of the commissions that was done a Bipartisan Commission done by cfi is Strategic International studies that did a survey really, in a series of recommendations for leadership in government. This was leading up to the last oelection. While reading what would we need you to do to fight the ideology globally. It wasnt just t that an Islamic State, it was also the rise of neonazis and when looking at the data but the lives of antisemitism in the rise of all of these things that we know and that we are fielding and it is really shocking to see in 2019 for in the state w wherein. Milliken a number that tells a very important story. We have spent trillions of dollars on the war in general. Specifically on fighting the socalled Islamic State since about 2014. We spent billions of dollars in that. What percentage of that her name having spent on soft our meeting the idea of fighting, the ideology so that young people find it appealing. That number is 0. 0138 percent. So how is it the u. S. Postal look at this, i am calling for not an eradication of the militaryry aspect of all of thi, i am staying a strategy needs to be built that is global, that is sustainable and over time, not hundreds of years or two or three years and all day everyday 24 7 at the same scale that we know needs to be done. Integrate the strategy of hard and soft power. That will allow us to do what it is we wantpp to do. We want to reduce the appeal of ideology said that it is manageable. Not going to eradicated with the world but you can reduce it so that we are dealing with the kind of stuff we are dealing with. Hannah soft power may not be a term you know familiar with. Have you ever met any people who are coming from other countries and the come to your community. They s see, we bring music and arts and we bring things that are culturally important in defining identity. There are other ways of soft power that obviously, you run a huge book on it. We did a project together that i think deals with identity. We traveled, it started with conference, inc. , hafez stan. What happens at a diplomatic conference is that you set down where your country his name is in front of you and you hold the seat and you know called upon and he read a statement that has been cleared by 45000 people. [laughter] by the time you get it, like you see on tv. So we were staying with the ambassador and we just decided to do something different. Farah you had thehe idea. Lets get that straight. If you get us in trouble, ugandas in trouble. Its you. Hannah we had decided before we went, like a lady laser focus, its on millennials. Because thats where the population bulge is. Particularly around the globe. We invited some millennials to come. Observed what was happening. What we decided to do to gather, was when we were in the seat, and called upon by the chair of the meeting, we would flip what we are staying. So the jew, its not condemning antisemitism, but its not headlines make. But the muslim was condemning antisemitism in the geo was condemning what they referred to in diplomacy of islam a phobia i know you dont like that word but hatred mute muslims. It was a shock to everyone and it wasnt cleared. We just did it. Much later when i went to saudi arabia, itso all they talk to e about. Oh you are the one, so that in some way said that the message is important at sometimes a messenger can increase the impact. So what did the millennials that were there see to us. They said that was very nice swapping speeches and we get it. That the messenger can enhance intact. The women who do. Is were flying back mom got back to the state department, far and i decided that we had come up with an made it through to that. When a millennial says to us in the person can bege from german, you are away from malaysia wherever. What can i do. That went out we need it an made it through. So we do areg speaking at we always had a call to action. What did we decide. Farah on the first tell you that is story,is telling the getting all nostalgic because hannah is the rebel riser. I want to see that. She always thinks out of the bucks. When i think about this particular program, it is that there can end up among going to give you the end before we tell you how we did it. It ended upit being one of the most important i think initiatives that we took on at stayeded around fighting hate because it was very tangible. What we said was, young people dont have a lot of her name, they do have time and we like them to walk in the shoes of somebody else. Experience in a different way. So we created this campaign the relaunch on facebook because we way arejobs and obviously following fair affidavit they were following [laughter] [inaudiblend conversation] the campaign was called and was asking a young person walk his obvious issues. To donate an hour or more of the time for somebody who doesnt look like that are pretty like them or love like them or look like them. Just an hour. We thought its a modest thing, we started in the year 2011, globally, it turns out that it just went crazy. Make is all of the world doing things for each other in different communities that they had never the subject talk to her really thought about going into finding a way to connect. We asked them to post what they were doing a line. They then also got to talk to each other. I feel so much momentum that we had seven ngos they came to us in 2012 instead, we really love this campaign and we really wanted to be part of the london olympics. To think is okay. And we said yes of course. To make it happen. And they did. In a turn out to be a partner with london olympics games. That also took on like that of its own because hannah and i decided this is the olympics wanted it, we would go to where the olympics w began. So we went to greece. We asked for a very specific logo. The dove that is, carrying the olive branch. And we went to the Olympic Committee and we are doing this can we also use the logo. Which they dont give out very often and they said this is exactly the way we would want you to use it. This is the kind of thing, the universal thing, you know fighting hate, well have to do more. And i was a very successful program. It is fun, how simple is this. And i loved hearing the stories of the young w kids who did thiw for people who are different than they were. Both of they were making Peanut Butter sandwiches for school on the other side of town for lunch for they were taking a class or volunteering to listen for an hour to something they had t ner ever imagined. It was inspiring and i think there is opportunity in thinking about that particular initiative because it means he was born from the millennials. Imagine a minimart other authentic credible organic things can happen if we just think about what we could do. Speech if theres another aspect to it. We called it page. We named the problem. There are people including secretary justin said, can it be about love. Can it be about world peace, how can we all get along. Alyssa now, we have to name the problem. You cant solve the issue of hatred unless you recognize that all of this stuff this bad stuff that is happening is born from hate. And silicon. The cut on all of the world. I mentioned before that one said to me, if you knew some of the things i know, you would his sleep at night. Since they really havent had a im going night sleep. One thing that is amazing and it is relevant to the news today, but that is at the epicenter of hatred is saudi arabia. I think we dont think about that very much particularly is there are newfound friends. General pretty troops there. I am noisy wiped but if you could for a second, talk about how the epicenter of hatred is the country that we are aligning ourselves d with. And when we do about this. Farah is in part on dissecting with the problem is to be honest with ourselves and with each other about what we are staying and what we observed. When a special representatives for moment of the communities i travel this she saidrl of all of the world you begin to see patterns. This book is about patterns of usus are. Im taking with me on this journey when im in cambodia or norway or sibley. I tell you what i see with these young people and the environment which they live. I did it, to this position nor did i come into government with any expectations about right or wrong or what countries are doing around this. I spent a lot of time on unless you know actually going into these communities, the patterns that i saw were really disturbing to me is a diplomat theres only so far you can go in terms of being, talking about everything all of the time. I was seeing a couple of things. I was sitting schools that were built and staffed with teachers who taught a very specific brand of understanding around what is islam is which is the very monolithic very stern. Direct, it is important to see that is thehe u. S. Government we are not and should not go around the world telling people how to be a