A Better Future for themselves and their babies. But 1st we take a look at the population problem just how many people are there on our planet and can it cope with a soul. In the early 18 hundreds the global population hit the 1000000000 mark for the 1st time thanks to more efficient farming methods and greater access to food it grew quickly after that medical progress then pushed down mortality rates giving populations a further based in industrial countries birth rates have slowed down now its mainly the populations of developing nations that continue to expand today there are well over 7000000000 of us. Neonatal ward in kabul. These tiny vulnerable infants represent the future of afghanistan. The world needs the next generation or does it. Can our planet deal with a growing population does it have the resources to cope. What told us to take on nature and the climate cities such as delhi in jakarta struggle with the fallout from overcrowding every day there are just too many people looking for work for food for somewhere to live. Our planets human population is currently increasing by an average of 18000000. 00 a year. Playing hard says one of germanys leading population researchers since the 1990 s. Hes been looking into the question of how many people can earth support. Because we live on a planet that has limitations. The resources required to guarantee people a livable life are finite whether were talking about Energy Infrastructure roads housing or health care and some point the global population will be so huge this will be a problem. It already is a problem in countries with rising birth rates. Demographics researchers say that a country can only develop if the birth rate is low enough. Harsh as it sounds children dont contribute to Wealth Creation that means having too many youngsters is an obstacle to progress yes when to get working 3 for a thing there needs to be a falling birth rate and a relatively high number of young adults reaching a working age and actually finding jobs only then are we seeing progress. And super gordon this development has already taken place in many countries which is why the worldwide birth rate has declined significantly since the 1960 s. Today women have an average 2. 4 children in chad in mali the fertility rate has fallen but is still an average of around 6 children per woman but the highest fertility rate in the world is in need gerri where women have an average 7. 00 children. Chad mali and the share all belong to the so health zone a region thats arid in impoverished and has a rapidly expanding population. Here outside new shares capital niamey people expect their children to provide for the family once theyre able to the more children they have the greater the likelihood that at least one of the more find work and be able to support the family ready. John mark gravel leni works for the sun hell alliance and initiative promoting stability and development in the region he says population growth is one of the biggest problems currently facing africa. Its a very very very very challenge for the people who are in the yard of their knowledge. They dont understand. The number of children in the family. The figures give cause for concern. 4. 6000000000 people currently live in asia but according to forecasts africas population is set to grow by nearly 3000000000 by the year 2100 so when we say the global population is growing what we mean is essentially africas population is growing. What can be done to put the brakes on population growth in the mid 1990 s. The fertility rate in ethiopia was 7 children per woman the authorities recognise the problem and invested heavily in awareness campaigns. Researchers agree that education is the solution young women need to know about contraception and make informed decisions about having children. Recent years have seen the fertility rate in the country fall to 4 children per woman. To have pedigree jacque approach control of the population. In the target moves them in the. Action. 1000 requests women who are better educated have more opportunities they earn more money they have a better status in society and theyre better able to assert themselves in their relationships. Prior to hotness often want more children from day to fall. In developing nations 43 percent of pregnancies are believed to be unwanted the figure is especially high in places where women have fewer rights where theyre unaware of or cant afford access to contraception Family Planning is often determined by men. However according to un projections global population growth will not continue to rise indefinitely by the turn of the next century its. Expected to level off or even decline. Teenage pregnancy is a key theme particularly in africa where nearly a 5th of all girls become mothers before they turned 19 thats almost double the global average typically Young Pregnant women and mothers that end up excluded from education entirely but job prospects a vital for these girls to give them the independence they need to care for themselves and their children. What are the 1st box looks like a childcare facility is actually a Training Center for teenage mothers. Vivian is learning to be a seamstress she got pregnant at 16 and dropped out of school now that shes learning new skills the future looks much brighter says it is and. Becoming a seamstress will enable me to change my life until now ive just been at home with my baby and now i have something to do and i get to use my brain. Libyans daughter abigail has a painful skin condition. Becoming a mother as a teenager is hard enough and harder still if the child is sick young woman can struggle to cope. Since i had my baby life has been very hard im no longer a child my parents want nothing more to do with me everything changed when i got pregnant with a baby is so demanding mythology is an impoverished area in nairobi where problems like unemployment drug and alcohol abuse and prostitution are widespread. Unwanted pregnancies are commonplace here. The Training Center for teenage mothers hosts a Group Session every day that young women who have a place here can consider themselves very lucky theres a long waiting list. The center is run by on or cheering. Sex education isnt on the curriculum and most kenyan schools contraception is a taboo topic and abortion is illegal teenage pregnancies are on the rise. Some of them are trafficked from this or. Are we did speak to feel that little bit additional when they come. To housing. So you find that in between the law you. Look at there. Is nobody to provide a bed. And they become expert by dint of the form of this one living with them so you plan that does that mean in the process of trying to get bad news for instance and so the town was to get him into sexual acts with heres. The Young Mothers are penniless. If the Charity Organization provides them with clothes and also with regular meals including for their children. Mary 10 is reluctant to talk in detail about what happened to her she felt there were many problems poverty. If wed had money i wouldnt be here id never have met my childs father i wouldnt have gotten pregnant it happened because of poverty. Her own mother it turns out she never told her about the facts of life. Itself not when you think she was never there shed come home late at night often drunk. She never. At any time for me that my team. From the age of 10 mary had to look after her younger brothers and sisters after falling pregnant she had to drop out of school and you then a friend told her she could train as a hairdresser at the center. It wasnt her dream job but its an opportunity denied to most teenage mothers. Wish me came here although not under age when when i began the training scheme i realised that many other girls were in the same boat. And that having a baby wasnt the end of the world so when i came home and with some shopping. Today vivian angus zuzu has to take her daughter to the hospital. The Young Mothers can have their babies treated here for free. Abigail isnt doing well so much of. The nutritionist asks maybe and if shes sticking to the diet should recommend it for abigail last time in russia but its the choice of the child has more detail to show. Interest because kids naturally do it. And they give some. Life into my achilles was a challenging task because of course just very emotional but i had to give all the support she needed so thats because of course if shes emotionally stable the lives of good sense of happiness and the mum. Kind of. Young mothers mary and vivian often spend their free time together and they had to grow up fast. But both still have their hopes and dreams. And its cool making me do not want to finish my cost. Job. And maybe go up to school to finish my 2nd question. I would like to be an anchor when big and they will that is of course in well what will. My baby makes me happy. Im glad i didnt have an abortion. If i hadnt had my baby i wouldnt be who i am today and im glad of that. So one influential when the meter of the Young Mothers expects to marry anytime soon but theyre confident they can get by without a man and give their children a better start in life than they are out. The expanding global population is straining our planets resources Carbon Dioxide levels are on the rise as are temperatures the ground is warming up permafrost areas which make up around 15 percent of the earths surface are also feeling the heat the layers of ice and rock contain the remains of organisms trapped in the millions of years ago which decay when theyre exposed releasing Greenhouse Gases in siberia the permafrost has already started to melt. 240 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle this corner of North Eastern siberia boasts a surprising amount of vegetation in the summer but its not pristine nature untouched by human hands. Silly games the math takes us along on a motor boat trip on the colima river which is only free of ice for a few months a year. Our journey is interrupted by a sand bank so to carry a regional director of the Renowned Russian academy of sciences has to get out and give the boat a push our camera man has to temporarily take the helm. More than 4 hours after setting off we reach these icy clouds. There dripping siberias permafrost is melting. His wife probably asleep if just refused to solvent yes now say wake up at day heres a start. And pull of us smile you. You old man is the solution to begin eating in the process turning carbon into Carbon Dioxide there are so many of them in the area were monitoring that europes climate would become unbearable if they all thought out. That you know. The permafrost under a quarter of the Northern Hemisphere plays a pivotal role in Global Climate theres twice as much carbon trapped in it as there is in the entire atmosphere recent study showed the frozen soil is now releasing Greenhouse Gases at a faster rate than previously thought also revealed that the arctic grasslands were once home to Large Mammals within minutes sergey collects a range of bones from ancient bison horses and what we mammoths. We should say wherever people settle wildlife disappears russia still has large areas of untouched lands our job is wherever possible to restore the natural diversity that our forebears on sol. Simply a scientist who wants to see his ideas put into practice to that aim 20 years ago he began reviving the eco system of the last ice age together with his son nikita hes removed trees and replanted primeval grasslands and their place theyve also reintroduced herds of yaks and bison some are wilder than others the herbivores that now live here and the place to seen park have a big job ahead of them slowing down Climate Change. There you go what is it that we do have to look at that we live in december theres a thick layer of snow that insulates the ground from the cold side of couple as they forage for grass the horses struck down on the snow and make it more compact when youre right as a result of permafrost stays frozen and doesnt melt in the summer so when you use the shit. Temperatures during arctic summers can reach 40 degrees celsius but our feet remain cold due to the permafrost directly beneath this meadow and theres the mom say the ground in their ice age park is already staying colder for longer the experiment has also piqued the interest of researchers from germanys Max Planck Institute theyve come to examine the reconfigured eco system and measure the quantities of environmentally harmful gases circulating in the area big enough analysis going to work effecting a far more active exchange with the atmosphere but also a greater enrichment of carbon in the soil due to more photosynthesis and the more active types of grass growing here and ducks and. Puts it in more dramatic terms he sees his park as a battleground between a new eco system and an old one thats not equal to the challenge of Climate Change the arctic region is warming up twice as fast as the rest of the planet. The landscape is changing. Bubbling up to the surface of the lakes created by the melting permafrost is me thing a Greenhouse Gas 20 times more powerful than c o 2 if successful sergei believes his experiment will benefit the entire world she and you by your support you mean your true friends arent afraid of temperatures rising theyll say well were looking ahead and making preparations. For the emphasis has to come from the europeans from the americans north africans and asians from the countries that are already feeling the negative effects of Global Warming yes. Dizzee moans no they cant see the permafrost all on their own but theyre determined to show that its possible there are you sage experiment needs a lot of support on the ground the objective is not thomas eco system with all that this entails. Yes and were in the and ill introduce a lion or tiger here and tell them this is your park now thats a joke but it would be great for the system to settle down and become resistant and expand naturally beyond our current borders if youre going to throw with some. If modern technology can bring back the extinct species. Can even imagine mammoths Walking Around yet to show one day. You want to leave behind a desolate landscape to my grandchildren and great grandchildren only mosquitoes feel at home i prefer the species rich world of our ancestors. Its the kind of nature that kept the climate stable and provided nourishment for humans. Has often been accused of trying to play god he disagrees completely and says to the contrary hes just trying to make up for the destruction that humankind began thousands of years ago. And this week in global ideas we head to armenia and find out how companies there are adopting new habits to help save results is our reporter cloudy and travel to the capital gareth and to meet the people who are helping initiate the change and found out how essential it is to give people a taste for climate protection. Obviously in the countryside. And western affluence and the capital yerevan amini a is a country marked by stark contrast awareness and nor leech are keen. Until 9091. 00 i mean it was a part of the fullness soviet union after the collapse of communism the country fell into an economic crisis and still hasnt fully recovered small and Midsized Companies struggle. So Environmental Protection has to yield profits. Just do it this is good in the sense 2014 in the new waste water recycling unit has saved us over 100000 euros that all. Companies here have rarely put much thought into environmentally friendly production but things are starting to change. All the market because if we reorganize our production successfully then it also makes Good Business sense for good. I mean years economy is largely dominated by agriculture cereals fruit and vegetables are the main crops like here at the foot of mount ararat with some 3000 hours of sunshine a year peaches apricot some plums grow in abundance. Parker hunger. This fruit found i turned his harvests into a giant fruit he switched to organic production and no longer uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If. It was a local environmental n. G. O. S help to make the switch Financial Support comes from the International Climate initiative the organization advises companies about sustainable practices. The Fruit Farmers ovens and now solar powered and have more efficient ventilation the fruit jarring process is now 5 times faster saving energy and cost. Ive just done a movie. Production in armenia and our region isnt big enough to compete with neighboring countries such as iran or turkey since armenia is a small country that needs competitive products fruits and dried fruits are among those products for that are the dried fruit now has an e. U. Organic set if you. Haitian and these days also sells and fronts either role models with without any of the alt its also about the person when he starts some think he want to finalise it and finish it with a good result. Many armenian businesses would like to get their foot in the door of european markets but before that can happen they need to improve production standards and boost their environmental credentials. Industry accounts for just 25 percent of armenias g. D. P. Today noon a hurt union is visiting a battery factory on the outskirts of yerevan byproducts of the production process saphira cassidy lead used to end up in the factories wastewater but the company has now found a cleaner solution not many people are necessarily analyzing or viewing the process because business person looks on his benefits how heroes the business and its not necessarily that you know almost all the details on the impact on the environment. The car batteries it cooled before theyre charged the factory now uses technology that cleans the cooling water after the charging process so it can be recycled along with the rest of the waste water. Some 2000000 euro news were invested in the new facility. Will re