Can it cope with their soul. In the early 18 hundreds the global population hit the 1000000000 mark for the 1st time thanks to more efficient farming methods and greater access to food it grew quickly after that medical progress then pushed down mortality rates giving populations a further based in industrial countries birth rates have slowed down now its mainly the populations of developing nations that continue to expand today there are well over 7000000000 of us. Neonatal ward in kabul. These tiny vulnerable infants represent the future of afghanistan. The world needs the next generation or does it. Come our planet deal. The growing population does it have the resources to cope. What told us to take on nature and the climate cities such as delhi and cars a struggle with the fallout from overcrowding every day there are just too many people looking for work for food for somewhere to live our planets human population is currently increasing by an average of 18000000. 00 a year. Says one of germanys leading population researchers since the 1990 s. Hes been looking into the question of how many people can earth support. We live on a planet that has limitations. The resources required to guarantee people a livable life are finite whether were talking about Energy Infrastructure roads housing or health care at some point the global population will be so huge this will be a problem. It already is a problem in countries with rising birth rates. Demographics researchers say that a country can only develop if the birth rate is low enough. Harsh as it sounds children dont contribute to Wealth Creation that means having too many youngsters is an obstacle to progress yes when the good thing that needs to be a falling birth right and a relatively high number of young adults reaching a working age and actually finding jobs only then have we seen progress. This development has already taken place in many countries which is why the worldwide birth rate has declined significantly since the 960 s. Today women have an average 2. 4 children in chad in mali the fertility rate has fallen but is still an average of around 6 children per woman but the highest fertility rate in the world is an issue where women have an average. 7. 2 children. Chad mali and the share all belong to the same health zone a region thats arid in impoverished and has a rapidly expanding population. Here outside new shares capital niamey people expect their children to provide for the family once theyre able to the more children they have the greater the likelihood that at least one of them of find work and be able to support the family. John mark gravel leni works for the sun hell alliance an initiative promoting stability and development in the region he says population growth is one of the biggest problems currently facing africa. Its a very very very very challenge for as a performer in the nor yobbos there are knowledge. They dont understand so well number of children in the fund. Who. The figures give cause for concern 4600000000 people currently live in asia but according to forecasts africas population is set to grow by nearly 3000000000 by the year 2100 so when we say the global population is growing what we mean is essentially africas population is growing. What can be done to put the brakes on population growth in the mid 1990 s. The fertility rate in ethiopia was 7 children per woman the authorities recognise the problem and invested heavily in awareness campaigns. Researchers agree that education is the solution young women need to know about contraception and make informed decisions about having children. Recent years have seen the fertility rate in the country fall to 4 children per woman. Is the route to. Approach. Of. Target. The following week where women who are better educated have more opportunities more money they have a better status in society and theyre better able to assert themselves in their relationships. Partners often want more children than very to fall. In developing nations 43 percent of pregnancies are believed to be unwanted and the figure is especially high in places where women have fewer rights where theyre unaware of or cant afford access to contraception Family Planning is often determined by men. However according to un projections global population growth will not continue to rise indefinitely by the turn of the next century its expected to level off or even decline. Teenage pregnancy is a key thing particularly in africa where nearly a 5th of all girls become mothers before they turn 19 thats almost double the global average typically Young Pregnant women and mothers that end up excluded from education entirely but job prospects are vital for these girls to give them the independence they need to care for themselves and their children. What at 1st glance looks like a childcare facility is actually a Training Center for teenage mothers. Vivian is learning to be a seamstress she got pregnant at 16 and dropped out of school now that shes learning new skills the future looks much brighter sensing is and. Becoming a seamstress will enable me to change my life until now ive just been at home with my baby and now i have something to do and i get to use my brain. Millions daughter abigail has a painful skin condition. Becoming a mother as a teenager is hard enough and harder still if the child is sick young women can struggle to cope. Since need since i had my baby life has been very hard im no longer a child my parents want nothing more to do with me everything changed when i got pregnant a baby is so demanding. My thore is an impoverished area in nairobi where problems like unemployment drug and alcohol abuse and prostitution are widespread. Unwanted pregnancies are commonplace here. The Training Center for teenage mothers hosts a Group Session every day that young women who have a place here can consider themselves very lucky theres a long waiting list. For centuries run by on or chuang. Sex education isnt on the curriculum and most kenyan schools contraception is a taboo topic and abortion is illegal teenage pregnancies are on the rise. Some of them are trafficked. This is. Our. Little bit to do when they come. To housing. So you find it in the long view. That it. Is not what it took. The form of this one being so youll find that there are so many in the process of trying to get their lives instance and so the time was to get him into sexual acts with. The Young Mothers are penniless. If the Charity Organization provides them with clothes and also with regular meals including for their children. Mary 10 is reluctant to talk in detail about what happened to her. There were many problems poverty. If wed had money i wouldnt be here id never have met my childs father i wouldnt have gotten pregnant it happened because of poverty. Her own mother it turns out she never told her about the facts of life. Somehow when you got into she was never there shed come home late at night often drunk. She never had any time for me that night take. From the age of 10 mary had to look after her younger brothers and sisters after falling pregnant she had to drop out of school. When a friend told her she could train as a hairdresser at the center of that wasnt her dream job but its an opportunity denied to most teenage mothers. Any came here. When i began the training scheme i realised that many other girls were in the same boat. And that having a baby wasnt the end of the world so when it came up that i wanted with it some showed me. Today vivian im going to take a daughter to the hospital. The Young Mothers can have their babies treated here for free. On abigail isnt doing well and thats just. The nutritionist asks me if shes sticking to the diet shed recommended for abigail last time. When asked about the bill and the answer to the cheers of the talk as moderator to tell you to show. Who she is so because he doesnt have to do it. And they did. Life into my alchemy it was a challenge a cast because of course truth is very much along but i had to give all his approach needed. Because of course if shes emotional instability the will is a good sense of happiness in the moment. That. Young mothers mary and vivian often spend their free time together even if they have to grow up fast. But both still have the hopes and dreams that i do school making minute. Oh to finish my course. Job. And maybe go up to school to finish work so. I would like to be an anchor one big and they will that is. What makes me happy. My baby makes me happy. Im glad i didnt have an abortion. If i hadnt had my baby i wouldnt be who i am today and im glad of that. So float chilkoot neither of the Young Mothers expects to marry anytime soon but theyre confident they can get by without a man and give their children a better start in life than they are out. The expanding global population is straining our planets resources Carbon Dioxide levels are on the rise as our temperature as the ground is warming up permafrost areas which make up around 15 percent of the earths surface are also feeling the heat the layers of ice and rock contain the remains of organisms trapped in the millions of years ago which decay when theyre exposed releasing Greenhouse Gases in siberia the permafrost has already started to melt. 240 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle this corner of North Eastern siberia boasts a surprising amount of vegetation in the summer but its not pristine nature untouched by human hands. Takes us along on a motor boat trip on the river which is only free of ice for a few months a year. Our journey is interrupted by a sandbank a regional director of the Renowned Russian academy of sciences has to get out and get the boat a push our camera man has to temporarily take the helm. More than 4 hours after setting off we reach these icy cliffs. And their terrific siberias permafrost is melting. His white groups sleep if just close to 50 solvent years nows a wake up day heres a start. And i thought of your smile. Youre all going to something we should begin eating in the process turning carbon into Carbon Dioxide there are so many of them in the area were monitoring that europes climate would become unbearable if ill thought out well you know. The permafrost under a quarter of the Northern Hemisphere plays a pivotal role in Global Climate theres twice as much carbon trapped in it as there is in the entire atmosphere recent studies show the frozen soil is now releasing Greenhouse Gases at a faster rate than previously thought also revealed that the arctic grasslands were once home to Large Mammals within minutes sergey collects a range of bones from ancient bison horses and what we mammoths. Where other people settle wildlife disappears. Russia still has large areas of untouched land our job is wherever possible to restore the natural diversity that our forebears on soul. Circus enough is a scientist who wants to see his ideas put into practice to that aim 20 years ago he began reviving the eco system of the last ice age together with his son nikita hes removed trees and replanted primeval grasslands and their place theyve also reintroduced herds of yaks and bison some are wilder than others the herbivores that now live here in the plasticine park have a big job ahead of them slowing down Climate Change. There you go but if we do have to look at it live in december theres a thick layer of snow that insulates the ground from the cold side of couple as they forage for grass the horses tread down on the snow and make it more compact when youre out as a result of permafrost stays frozen and doesnt melt in the summer so when you use the shit. Temperatures during arctic summers can reach 40 degrees celsius but our feet remain cold due to the permafrost directly beneath this meadow and theres the mom say the ground in their ice age park is already staying colder for longer the experiment has also piqued the interest of researchers from germanys Max Planck Institute theyve come to examine the reconfigured eco system and measure the quantities of environmentally harmful gases circulating in the area big enough analysis to work effecting a far more active exchange with the atmosphere but also a greater enrichment of carbon in the soil due to more photosynthesis and the more active types of grass growing here and ducks and can. Put it in more dramatic terms he sees his park as a battleground between a new eco system and an old one thats not equal to the challenge of Climate Change the arctic region is warming up twice as fast as the rest of the planet. The landscape is changing. Bubbling up to the surface of the lakes created by the melting permafrost ismy thing a Greenhouse Gas 20 times more powerful than c o 2 if successful sergei believes his experiment will benefit the entire world. The russians arent afraid of temperatures rising theyll say were looking ahead into making preparations. The emphasis has to come from the europeans from the americans north africans and asians from the countries that are already feeling the negative effects of global warming. Was. Busy moms know they cant see the permafrost all on their own but theyre determined to show that its possible their ice age experiment needs a lot of support on the ground. The objective is not thomas eco system with all that this entails. Gifted and worthy and i will introduce a lion or tiger here and tell them this is your park now thats a joke but it would be great for the system to settle down and become resistant and expand naturally beyond our current borders if your mother thought i was some. If modern technology can bring back the extinct species so i can even imagine mammoths Walking Around got to show one day. I dont want to leave behind a desolate landscape to my grandchildren and great grandchildren only mosquitoes feel at home i prefer the species rich world of our ancestors. Its the kind of nature that kept the climate stable and provided nourishment for humans. Has often been accused of trying to play god he disagrees completely and says to the contrary hes just trying to make up for the destruction that humankind began thousands of years ago. This week in global ideas we had to armenia and find out how companies that are adopting new habits to help save resources reporter. Travel to the capital year than to meet the people who are helping initiate the change and found out how essential it is to give people a taste for climate protection. Agency in the countryside. And western affluence in the capital yerevan armenia is a country marked by stark contrast awareness and nor links are keen. Until 9091. 00 i mean it was a part of the fullness soviet union after the collapse of communism the country fell into an economic crisis and still hasnt fully recovered small and Midsized Companies struggle. So Environmental Protection has to yield profits. Just that this is still a serious 2014 hour new waste water recycling unit has saved us over 100000 euros that all. Companies here have rarely put much thought into environmentally friendly production but things are starting to change. The market thank you so if we reorganize our production successfully then it also makes Good Business sense for good. I mean years economy is largely dominated by agriculture cereals fruit and vegetables are the main crops like here at the 1st of mt ararat with some 3000 hours of sunshine a year peaches apricot some plums grow in abundance. Parker home for. This fruit found i turned his harvests into dried fruit he switched to organic production and no longer uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides. That go to a local environmental n. G. O. S help to make the switch Financial Support comes from the International Climate initiative the organization advises companies about sustainable practices. Their Fruit Farmers ovens and now solar powered and have more efficient ventilation the fruit jarring process is now 5 times faster saving energy and cost. For. Oil spawn a move. Production in armenia and our region isnt big enough to compete with neighboring countries such as iran or turkey since armenia is a small country that needs competitive products fruits and dried fruits or among those products for that are the dried fruit now has an e. U. Organic set if. Cation and these days also sells in fronts he their role models would without any doubt its also about the person when he starts some think you want to finalize it and been issued with a good result. Many armenian businesses would like to get their foot in the door of european markets but before that can happen they need to improve production standards and boost their environmental credentials. Industry accounts for just 25 percent of armenias g. D. P. Today noon or hurt union is visiting battery factory on the outskirts of yerevan by products of the production process itself yuruk acid lead used to end up in the factories wastewater that the company has now found to clean a solution not many people are necessarily analyzing or viewing the process because business person looks on his benefits how here as the business and its not necessary that you know almost all the details on the impact on the environment. The car batteries it cooled before theyre charged the factory now uses technology that cleans the cooling water after the charging process so it can be recycled along with the rest of the waste water. Some 2000000 euro news were invested in the new facility. We did the. Show called least of all of us for good so most of the older ended up in the sewage system. So we needed a closed system so. The water didnt leave the factory. System would sit with this way were safe huge amounts of water so it. Makes economic sense. But also so. The lead is partly recycled and waste lead remelted so theres a saving of over 5. 100 years of material petang its a more efficient use of resources. Meanwhile in this bakery leftover pastry is no longer simply thrown away. Its turned into biscuits. Sometimes the solutions a simple any bread that isnt sold is turned into bread crumbs a number of the ngos ideas and the