Dig deeper into how coastal cities around the world are getting ready to battle the rising sea. 8 of the 10 worlds biggest cities are located on the coast but none of them have the natural protective barrier against the rising sea like the city of mumbai its. Buying less than 0 point one percent of the planets surface mangroves are one of the most valuable ecosystems but theyre threatened. The clock seems to be ticking for indias most populous city mumbai. Climate scientists predict the rising levels of the arabian sea will wipe out the city in just a few 100 years. Members 1st inhabitants but the. Traditional fisherman who have lived the bounty of the sea for generations. Today there on the front line facing the threat of the under lending arabian sea which surrounds the city on 3 sides. In just 10 years some fishing villages in mumbai have lost a monumental 18 meters of land to coastal erosion. But luckily the region is gifted with a robust protective barrier along many parts of this coastline the mangroves. Mangroves are coastal forests and situated between the ocean and the land laws which are abused the intensity of the crushing big by acting as a buffer. They also act like sponges by soaking up excess water to prevent inland flooding and by releasing tiny droplets into the air to regulate the citys temperature mumbais mangrove however are in grave danger. Absent fisherman come look up over there is but it about the future of the place he calls home. So i guess mangroves get cut down indiscriminately you see garbage everywhere even industrial plants release the economical c. A. One sank and. So many fish have died and the ones that remain cant breed fast enough i just saw. The for. His catch is steadily decreasing a clear sign that the mangroves are not doing whales. In many parts of number. Mangroves have succumbed to indiscriminate pollution about 30 percent have been wiped out over the last few decades but thats not all. Illegal constructions which happen people with bad. Structures the reconstruction. Thing is that this is one of the biggest. Because they are set up. In the creeks of inside the mangroves inside dense mangoes and the legit from going into the mangoes and degrading this is if you used to be a place. For fresh air now you can barely stand there because of the nature which is coming out of these dumping grounds into the creek. Then 100 cases of mangrove destruction reported in mumbai in 2018 both on government and private land the government has now hired additional security personnel and some grip the ballot guns to bankroll these coastal forest against encroachers and create hackers there is no doubt that without its mangroves mumbai stands little chance against the rising sea levels. Now nobody in my generation had seen anything like the 2005 floods in mumbai people were waiting to be water in many places many were trapped in cars would be opened toilets were spewing soiled water back into homes the next part of our story was showing how a Small Community of indigenous fisherman is working towards avoiding exactly this. None come out through the narrow alleyways of fishing village every day even the sense of gratitude oh you know i love it you know. In 2005 when floods ravaged the city of new. Gilling over to taos and people his village was largely spared this was an eye opener to realize it was the mangrove that had protected them he started a Grassroots Movement with the neighborhood fisherman to save and protect more than a 1000 hectares of lush mangrove surrounding his village. On the wall and here we are. Working from adelaide washy. For the. Government to help. With our action on our own we stop any kind of encouragement be good if not mangled give us one of the worries of this if only you knew all of the you dont believe you will you be going to be sued although he was there for. Now a full time activist through the movement to form the sri. A Community Organization its aim is to restore the mangroves to their formal glory you know you want your legs all. Thanks. To you fishermen save out and clean the incessant flow of solid based on a daily basis the organizer then is flies in the local community to help families understand the importance of mangroves to their life. For generations the coolies the indigenous fisherman have caught fish and the large bonds of water filtered by the areas expanse of mangroves that line the eastern coastline the fisherman who try to eke out a living from the measly amount of fish they bring back after a whole day or fishing know that their livelihood isnt geo paddy many fish species available in abundance in the past are never seen in these waters today the mangroves in mumbais North Eastern corner have traditionally acted as no cities providing food and shelter for several marine species including crime. Abt bronze mullet snappers and groupers. With our coastal forests where they live dry and fall into the soil the soil is basically silt and clay soil there it starts decomposing the crabs take away the leaves and other professions or the start nibbling away at it and create it as to make it i do a new granddaughter becomes was it for us so that it becomes new turn for the soil to mangoes are the kitchen of the oceans this is where the food is prepared and circulated across the continent across the globe across the oceans. These waters used to be fertile but the process of the generation is now well underway because of unchecked pollution and illegal land grabbing local fishermen keep onst in vigil and allow the organization if they notice illegal encroachment or poaching often members of the Village Community have been part of the problem by convincing but theyve been being religious theyve been bothered about what im saying i repeatedly requesting them dont do this dont do this but the people are not going to listen to me. So finally i went to the court i went to the on the behind court and file affidavit again the illegality that is happening you need to stop it immediately and all this stuff just demolished with the help of Body Department in 2009 and thus in that area its there now. The mangrove that noncom out on his Community Protect our part of the ecosystem that occupies only 0 point one percent of the earths surface thats how scar stay on the state of maharashtra which mumbai is a part of is the only state in india to have a mongrel cell dedicated to their conservation. This elderlies on participate remodelled like she a clear persistent deceive the citys mongrel cover. The contribution of bondo fishing village missy minuscule today especially to many of us who may have been of livias to the role mongrels have played in protecting a vulnerable city like mumbai but its time to the initiative of fishing communities like this one at the front line of the ocean swell that the rest of the city men now stand a chance of braving rising sea levels in the years to come. Now my is not the only city in the world that has to cope with the impact of rising sea levels sea levels are rising more and more across the planet but why is this happening lets take a look at some facts the primary cause of rising sea levels is Climate Change as our planet heats up as a huge masses of ice melt faster this means that even more water flows into our oceans massive ice sheets in greenland and antarctica are weakening breaking off in melting steadily and water expands as it warms about half of the Sea Level Rise over the boss 25 years is attribute it to warmer oceans simply occupying more space on average the Sea Level Rises 3400000 meters for you but oceans do not function like a top that keeps filling up research has shown that cs actually dries unevenly putting some communities even more trees than others. And this means we have to act to limit Global Warming and we must adapt to changing Living Conditions and develop new ideas for example is it possible to build homes on water the dutch seem to have a solution and architect a formula amsterdam has built a neighborhood ship a clean ship floating entirely on water take a look. Living on water in the city center. One day more than 100 people live on this side canal and under saddam. Marcus schmidt and his wife Yvonne Tunney stark are among the 1st residents. Through this lens confusion its a different way of life all this light here the water sparkles and reflects everywhere. And now yes you experience it much much more. Somehow youre closer to nature when the wind blows and you open the door gust of wind will come rushing into your face so you feel everything very directly. Their house is one of 30 buildings that are part of the project and. Each building has its own design. But they all have one thing in common they float on special concrete wrong its fastened on 2 pillars the Swimming Foundation needs to be able to carry several 100 tons a misstep will be balanced precisely hear it how that is one of the project architects because up front you have to calculate every thing that you put on the boat how heavy it will be because if you put in too much. Weight it will be too low and then the water starts to come in so thats why we make a lot of calculations are up front how heavy the boat will be india and. 20 different architects were involved in the project the houses were built on land and then brought to the dock by boat sustainability is very important to be inhabitants skin skate means clean ship. They want to achieve is to show that you can live on water with very sustainable houses and in a Sustainable Way in the sense that we as a community so we had very high levels of what we wanted to show to the island to the world actually. Sustainable and eco Friendly Materials used for the house this the facade of pad a right time his native cork we had lots of discussions with a whole group and we had to help from from different. Pfizers on materials so we ended up with a list of green orange list and a red list wreckless was a no go orange was ok if you really have to because of cost reasons or technical reasons but prefer try to use only materials from the greenest so corcos on the green list and we liked it very much oh that was our choice to do so the project is the same to bill in many other ways to toilet waste is converted into energy in a nearby by a refinery the residents produce that. Electricity using solar power and very specialist that we have we got permission from the government to have us our own small Electricity Company we all have a vetri in our house and theyre all connected with a small smart grid system so we share electricity if we generate too much for a what we need then our neighbors can use it and so thats thats very only have one connection to the main system. Living on water has a long tradition and. Houseboats can be seen on almost every canal one of the 1st floating districts was built a couple of years ago in the district of. 50 houses on artificial islands now the trend is spreading to other european cities in london for example where british architects planning Floating Homes in the royal docks. Copenhagen has responded to the lack of Affordable Student Housing with the socalled. 12 floating houses designed by stark attacks. He doesnt shy away from even greater visions of Floating City for 10000 people in regions threatened by Climate Change regions like the netherlands we think we in the future we will need more housing on the water. For several reasons because this the city is very full but also because of sea level rising for instance so we will need this kind of projects and we want to be a showcase in that sense we have some requests for all over the world from new yorkers looking to live on the water to more internet and there are several areas where they are building houses and communities over 5202200 houses even. For. A market schmidt this vision has become reality. 115. 00 square metres 2 floors and a roof garden its almost like a house in the countryside but theres one difference their entire home sways religion it was a bit weird. I havent felt sick here but i did have a day where i thought i need to set foot on solid ground. But its a small price to pay for their dream of living on water. Not unlike amsterdam in the city of jakarta indonesia which is sinking at the fastest street compared to other cities in the world the problem is much more creative parts of the indonesian capital have already dropped 4 metres but a rise in sea levels is not the only culprit local residents are steadily depleting the ground water supply below the city which basically clear its an air pocket into which the above it sinks attempts to curtail this development have proven difficult because almost half of the jakarta nz rely on groundwater for their day to day needs. Its been a while since anyone prayed in this mosque in north. The sea has long since claimed that. It makes. It every time he sees the building. Thinking of this city is increasing. In last few years and if. You can. Say their prayers here before they cannot. Anymore. The indonesian capital of jakarta is home to over 30000000 people its one of the most densely populated cities in the world and to test a problem. This threat isnt obvious here in the heart of the city but its. In the north home to many fishing communities theres no ignoring the rising sea water this brick wall was built into sounds and then 2 in the more borrowed district as protection against flooding the seawall is continuously being reinforced and braced but that doesnt help after a spell of heavy rainfall the water begins pouring over again. Sinking. On what is being extra very much and we lost our. Sufferance and the soil its become thinking we have what extract here and then come along in this. Doubling. Of the city because its already below our what our own. Rising sea levels and sinking soil the city needs more long term solutions. Put on gun use to be an environmental activist to campaign for the rights of fisherman nowadays advises the governor of jakarta and this part of a team working to stop the city from disappearing into the ground hes well aware that any singing plans would have an impact on fishing. There are some 22000 fisherman in jakarta. But these people harvest green mussels from the bait a local speciality theyre cooked right on the beach. 4 years ago the city or sorry to use began building a chain of artificial islands off the north coast to slow down lend subsequence. Its had a serious impact on dec h. S. How many kilos do you catch a day about 50 kilos. And what about before the islands were built. Back then we got about 200. 00 kilos. Now in newport is planned along with a brick wall thats actually in the sea 50 metres offshore the fishermen are worried they soon wont be able to catch anything at all. Theyve learnt to live with regular flooding but the new coastal wall would mean the end of their livelihoods. As they want to know whether the coastal wall will disturb our access to the sea i say that even if it has benefits for the community the Development Plan has to be discussed with the affected community doesnt. Put on gone once the fishermen to be part of the decision making. The covered market where they sell their catch is nearby. Here too its impossible to overlook the citys plight the market was only built 5 years ago but huge cracks are already showing. Buildings in some parts of jakarta are sinking into the ground at the rate of up to 25. 00 centimeters a here. This major fountain in the heart of jakarta belies the fact that clean water isnt desperately short supply half the capitals population draw water from illegal wells and vast amounts of ground water are used by the new high rises springing up across town that needs more regulation cesspool and gun. Licensing. The city is searching for ways to conserve the precious resource. Preventing groundwater levels from further declining is essential otherwise jakarta will sink even faster and flooding will pose an even bigger threat. Waste as another problem in the monsoon season especially trash clocks up rivers and canals so waterways cant drain into the sea. These days an army of about 12000 trash collectors work around the clock betting the garbage emergency. A number of components or settlements have already been evacuated and torn down in the name or flood protection. The company of tom cole was slated for demolition in 2015 the hearts were directly on the river and the inhabitants were supposed to be evicted and then they took matters into their own hands theyve torn down parts of their homes themselves removing sections on the water satch the result is a striving Peaceful Community and residents who take pride in keeping the neighborhood trash free. And theres now a riverside walkway thats a comfortable distance from the water. The Community Also has the support of a team of architects who developed a sustainable model home for tom cole its made of stone and ward rather than plastic and sheet metal 7 families live here. This is war house like the generals among them are going more met his wife and their 2 children. Ben before and i have window this is important well no because in the past i dont have. Social responsibility Sustainable Water management the people often call have shown whats possible the community has become a model of clean and green living now the neighborhood enjoys state support. The hopes. Are starting to understand that when it comes to ensuring the citys survival the urban poor. Part of the solution not the problem. A precarious future does not mean. It means an opportunity for course correction i hope todays episode has helped. The issue of Climate Change and its impact on the many vulnerable communities who will be at the front line when sea levels continue to rise more and more we see next week with yet another provoking episode until then good bye. Ceiling lights that can send an email come floor lamp that can stream a fellow. Alarmist network that uses right. Sounds like Science Fiction right. Life by the internet to look like. Tomorrow today. 30 minutes. This state of emergency normal. People around the world are documenting this traumatic time schofield. Theyre keeping the corona diary. And welcoming us into the room sound. A little sketchy as up close and personal as the pandemic will allow. The diaries sta