B m is on fire as a red direct consequence of deforestation. We had to colonize the amazon. Think weve been to produce. Them up now with the build up of all rain forest isnt being destroyed or consumed by fire these are all models spread by the media im new to. The. Brazilian president joe your boss in our says the rain forest is intact. But its not. Even after he temporarily banned the use of fire to clear land slash and burn agriculture remains commonplace. Amid a greed for property profit and land Environmental Protection has fallen by the wayside even though science shows that the rain forest is indispensable to humankind. Its trees store huge volumes of Carbon Dioxide and generate rain. So as a bit of coordinates the deforestation Mapping Initiative map your musts. The way they are muslin of up one of my rain forest releases more moisture into the atmosphere than the biggest and most water rich river on earth the amazon. What you need is you up to the idea but about what i want you about how much energy would you need to evaporate this amount of water you would need 6 months worth of the entire Worlds Energy supply to heat up the amount of water that the amazon rain forest releases into the atmosphere every single day would you say do you know what thats worth. Of the rainforest is worth one trillion dollars to us every day. But since the rain Forest Services come free of charge such figures arent factored into any equation the brazilian Amazon Region comprises 9 states and accounts for almost 2 thirds of brazils territory. Tasso as a video says the economic potential offered by a healthy rain forest remains largely untapped. Experts are alarmed by the damage from its transformation into land for cattle soybeans and other crops they warn the region is heading for a point of no return after which it will selfdestruct. International Shipping Point we will soon reach a Tipping Point he said that means ecological processes will change they will come to a halt. And we wont be able to restore the rainforest he was leading scientists of calculated that the Tipping Point is reached once 20 to 30 percent of the rain forest area is lost to date we have already lost 20 percent of the original amazon rain forest. Say. One Population Group in particular is impacted by soaring deforestation people who live in the forest. d were in the state of rwanda only or near the border with bolivia in a designated protected area for Indigenous People d. Its home to the would a whale while while trying it out is one of their leaders. d d the 19 year old student takes photos of illegal logging activities and reports them to the authorities. And. Not a fire it makes me sad to see our forest cut down devastated destroyed and its a disaster for us. One day even if we can hold on to our territories our culture and our traditions the invaders the stealing our forest the bellows. We dont go invading their homes we pay for the things we need they come in here fill out trees kill our animals steal our fish and want to we do. Sometimes we lack the words to express our grief over what is happening here in the indigenous territories that is theres a. Loss theres so many threats Death Threats even against our children against entire villages. But were staying in the forest working and protecting it and were denouncing the criminals. As Indigenous People it is our responsibility to continue fighting so that Land Clearing like this is put to a stop. Whereas if. This is the village of the air wow wow. d the mood is tense. Ready criminal lawyers keep entering their territory raising trees and then occupying the land ready ready ready. The villagers are preparing for the worst. d d they feel increasingly abandoned by their for. The government to slash the budget of its Indigenous Affairs agency for night and scaled back staff. Ready ready ready wonder who are. The forestation has increased dramatically since the new government came into power. It isnt backing our fight against criminal law has it as an indigenous person as a protector of the forest i try to remain vigilant and protect whats mine and whats in the future will belong to my children and grandchildren. What i mean. Right here boston r. O. Took office in january 2900 backed by a Coalition Including brazils powerful agribusiness evangelicals and the military he has never hidden his contempt for the left. To shop but i see that the. Version to read and for indigenous rights. Both sonora has taken steps to open up indigenous reserves to commercial development. And this is emboldened land grabbers. Solution my band of i came on that they just cut down and earn as much as they can if they set their fires and take off their former like recently on the terror russia. Program that when we arrived the whole riverbank was on fire. You know when theyre destroying our hunting grounds but soon there will be blood. Sucking up on who will be hit by a barrel of arrows im reading a large group of men and i warn you we will have no mercy our chief is ready to go to war. Plane here on. A jungle patrol. Although it all while while dont carry firearms only bows and arrows like they did when amazon tried suffered under brazils military dictatorship in the 1970 s. And eightys. About 100 tribe members living here. Their opponents have rearmed after both. The forest and its guardians are suffering under. Settlers have long been burning the amazon to prepare their fields in the dry season. But the number of fires has increased dramatically. Even we look at a holy year and compare 2018 with 2019 from january to september then the fires have increased by 40 to 45 percent me thats significant. But when it comes to deforestation were looking at a 90 percent increase in the same period. Since the conquest of brazil by the portuguese 500 years ago the surface of the huge rain forest area has decreased by about 20 percent. Whats alarming is that more than half of this last took place in the last 2 decades. All this was once virgin forest. Today the socalled green lawns look like those of a chain smoker. Right there i mean the logging wont even if you put a policeman in front of every tree deforestation will only stop if there is an end to the sense of impunity. That. The village of the well while was located in the district of campo norval. Its actually a protected Indigenous Territory at least thats what it says on paper. But not everyone here abides by the law. We asked the local police why dont Law Enforcement officers protect the indigenous population from invaders. When what would you going to live us because here in our area we have a special case and a group of illegal land invaders who formed an association to make the exploitation of the indigenous territories and their nature reserves look legal. And they invade the reservations they claim to have legal papers and start logging. Then they divide the land into plots and sell them. Giving. In to the emmys and then then. There must also its a well organized group and. They have lawyers who advise them and even politicians who support them in their actions and that makes our work more difficult. Or if you dont want to lost. Mafia like structures nothing new when crisis ridden brazil no wonder environmentalists from the i. C. M. By wants to toot hardly dare to venture outside let alone in front of a camera. It is i mean the invaders threaten the indigenous population. There is the particular case of b. To take an indigenous leader head of a politically active association that wants to protect the reserves they get Death Threats from the land grabbers. Or lack of the. Death threats. Or in belying a city with a population of 2500000 also known as the gateway to the amazon. And its university girolamo picardy is a leading specialist on land rights. Brazil has adopted homeland is originally from italy. Hes an expert in agrarian law. The problem in the state of para the Amazon Region and all of brazil is not a lack of land its the poor distribution of land that there are some 900000 Indigenous People live in brazil there are just 460 to protect the tribal lands demarcated by the Indigenous Affairs agency who like. Today brazil has designated 14 percent of its territory as indigenous territories let me make one thing clear we will not extend these indigenous territories to 20 percent. Our cost is something i think your article 231 of the 1988 constitution recognizes the rights of Indigenous Peoples theres no room for debate so the current governments refusal to continue recognizing indigenous territories is a blatant violation of the constitution to do something else. And those borders and laws all are deuced by immigrants. Bolsa noras ancestors for example came from italy. Where a mere 2 of the most i vow to uphold defend and fulfill the constitution. Assimilation and integration was long the strategy pursued by those in power from colonialists to the military junta but also the Catholic Church. But the church changed tack. Rebecca spiers as an american not who spent years and bill a fighting for the rights of Indigenous People. She belongs to simi brazils indigenous missionary council. Were. Oracle for fossil presenters as it has never been easy for Indigenous People but the last 9 months have seen a marked increase in physical violence in got any villages in the rio grande it all sort of in the far south there were 3 attacks someone night. In the fall north gold prospectors kill the chief and shortly afterwards a 70 Indian Village and one donia was set on fire and the young man died in a state of gas. So from south to north from east to west everywhere in the country violence is increasing against the indigenous population and the territories this is author says taking. The missionary council says 135 Indigenous People were murdered in 2018 with the numbers expected to continue rising. Large scale slashing and burning is not part of indigenous culture. Its what the invaders do. Want to be out in june wherever Indigenous People live the forest is intact they got a whole board here in from donia for example its the same picture inside indigenous territories the rain forest is protected. Night a provision that a magical said was will. So purely from the point of view of preserving these Natural Resources which is so vital to the whole of brazil we can say that Indigenous People provide a gigantic service by protecting their territories theres but the science and the most incredible thing is it doesnt cost us a cent you know police go by the group. And up all on the legendary trans amazonian highway the town is synonymous with the daily violence in the region. It was here that a land reform system known as the Sustainable Development projects was launched in early 2000. It aimed to settle that less workers on uncultivated land. Sister jane dwyer was here from the outset together with Dorothy Stang from the same order. Fighting for the rights of the poor sister dorothy came up against powerful landowners who ordered her killing in 2005. I came our way theres only. 18 people have been murdered here since 2015 game where afraid of massacres. So you also praise our presence here is a warning and are these names out already a reminder that they cant stop us getting i stand with my eyes our presence or even if our power and authority a very limited. If they start killing again we will cry out. And then. The names of the victims. d d their killers were never identified. They all know more none of these murders ever came to trial so my most cases there are more or broader we have to note that the Supreme Judicial Council the highest Judicial Authority in brazil published a report in 2009 which shows that only just over 7 percent of all murders a tried in court as you or said she was saying and in the state of parag its not even 4 percent no. No she got a quadruple saying. That. Sister jane regularly makes around say. She visits poor families who are settled here as small scale farmers under the governments Sustainable Development program. As an hourly pager and theres a door here we do in. This settlement has been has since 2002 its a blueprint for a way of life that addresses the realities on the ground in the amazon do you think i go to enough i mean here my it was set up by the federal land agency in cal fire line to florida same pay it allows families to foam while leaving the forest around them and tacked on this way families become the guardians of the forest. The flood asked us family this. Obey me see us family road to unapproved 18 years ago hes the chairman of the settlement. Its not a carefree job that might apply for the middle of august last week someone came up to me and told me to be very careful it would be my turn next. I dont worry so much about myself but i worry about my family when im gone that they might get caught up in the crossfire for. Much like the protected indigenous areas theres little respect for these government projects. Amid a lack of Police Presence gangs attack subsistence farmers and take over their land but such settlements are a model of sustainability they bring landless farmers on to deforest the plots and allow them to use and protect the surrounding forest from the chainsaws of the lumber barons. And she was dead imagine me going to say we lost about 270000. 00 euros because of these criminal land grabbers who burned out camp down and stole our wood and we had already sold the lumber to a by a from l. M. It was a bitter loss for us. Africa. Studies commissioned by the government show that many plots required illegally. Armed gangs of land robbers known as players with team league use forged documents more but as you say they could be saying the reports show that there are about 100000000 hectares of land in brazil that have been taken over in g. B. S. Ways in the state of para the figure is about 30000000 hectares and that means that about a quarter of the land area of para is illegally occupied and make out if. The countrys main environmental regulator has been severely weakened under president also nor. His environment minister fired 21 of the bombers 27 state superintendents the aim of a deadly is Economic Development at all costs. You need a permit that takes 10 years even for a tree thats already dead its virtually impossible to build a small electrical plant we cant go on like this with these excessive controls by the environmental authorities ybarra and c m b o this only harms the people who want to produce daycare for the day. To day be bombers like a toothless tiger. Since 1900 fines to the tune of some 17000000000. 00 euros have been issued for environmental offenses only slightly more than 3 percent of been paid. The most prominent offender was the current president himself who in 2012 was legally fishing inside a nature reserve. He never paid the farm. When the forest is burnt down and cleared farmers bring in their cattle. Ranchers in the state of colorado alone hold 22000000 cattle. Cattle is a vital branch of the economy and agribusiness a strong force in the capital brasilia. We are an all time you know with a trans amazonian highway was founded almost 50 years ago. To farmers who make no secret of the political convictions have agreed to appear before the camera so very often on this and flavio. They say that after the end of the military dictatorship the region came to a standstill. They dont think highly of the agrarian reforms of past governments of Development Projects and sustainability. It was in such about those dogs those inciting logging and the biggest polluters are the land agency incra and the Catholic Church and social movements that seize private land values for their dads divide us laws rio juval move at times weve had to reach for our guns to drive these people off our property if we tried by legal means wed still be sitting in front of a pile of paper today wed have spent a fortune on lawyers and still wouldnt have a hope of getting our property back to what they are people are measured on who they are they devolve. Vigilante justice. To amazon rain forest is huge and its hard for authorities to exert control. They simply lack the means. The farmers the nice and in fires. But only in sanders criminal was that the best source he he now of those fires was sent by government opponents sponsored by n. G. O. S but thats just to spread chaos in our region its getting get its. Probable that fire the amazon is burning none of it is true johnny nice to have their. Lives fake news spread by the media. These images were filmed after our exchange with the farmers very close by. Roll october 21000. 00 the pope addresses bishops attending the amazon senator the Catholic Church is seeking new paths for the church and for intricately kargil. One goal is to promote an awareness of the need for Environmental Protection among the faithful more warning. Francis the pope from argentina has made inequality in latin america a central theme of his papacy. His desire for a church of the poor has echoes of liberation theology. There. But a kid activists here to separate letters pray for the grace to be able to listen to the cry of the poor their cry is the churches cry of hope. The cry of the poor is a call to action. One of the bishops here took this called a heart more than 50 years ago. He faced resistance even from within the church. Today he is revered as the amazon bishop the austrian quite there as well of