W. D yes it is on its way to bring you more conservation. How do we make signals greener how can we protect habitats we can make a difference the ideas into a series of global 3. This is mary mallon you might know her better as typhoid mary quite possibly the worlds most famous super spreader melon was an asymptomatic typhoid carrier worked as a cook for a wealthy families in new york and the early 20th century she in fact that at least 53 others most of them people she prepare the meals for eventually after triggering multiple outbreaks she was tracked down and forcibly quarantined by authorities until her death 3 decades later. Comes forward to the present a new pandemic and a novel virus what have we learned about super spreaders. Welcome to the w. s covert 19 special im joined now the milan thanks for joining us we start in south korea where a few incidences saw individuals spread the disease to hundreds and even thousands socalled super spreading events guarded the preventive measures in place today measures aimed at groups most likely to infect others students especially seem to be listening the w. S Frank Smith reports. Young South Koreans are increasingly sensitive to the potential they have to carry and infect others with couvade 19 even if they are not suffering from serious symptoms these University Students say they do not have the virus and they go out occasionally but behave much differently than they did before the pandemic so we all think i have sensitive cloning so i catch a cold i hear them and have a runny nose and sneeze a lot and these may be symptoms of company 19 it also has a systematic cases so im afraid that others so im careful and. So the crew is concerned stems from several events in which individual carriers caused large cluster outbreaks. The plight of the one shopping and Entertainment District in seoul demonstrates the potential Economic Impact of a super spreader cluster of outbreak in early may reportedly a symptomatic virus carrier visited several bars and nightclubs in the area hundreds became infected with kobe had 19 and businesses here still havent recovered. The government is now looking to reopen some socalled high risk venues although strict antivirus measures will be enforced. Because when you know so we have 12 types of facility including night clubs bars and karaoke rooms that are designated high risk in such a place was the operator and customer will be required by law to follow prevention guidelines including keeping a visitor log mosques and practicing sort of ventilation and disinfection will he come to the transmission of the virus by asymptomatic carriers remains a contentious issue some experts believe socalled super spreaders lied to authorities when they actually had covert 900. 00 symptoms still such events have generated stronger adherence to prevention. Warning to all the taiwan clip incident had the biggest impact because the pirates had almost disappeared with a little more care i thought things could get better and i hoped i could go to school next semester it was hard for me to see the current virus situation get serious again after that cluster outbreak. So 3 is new cases this week again dropped below 50 per day but everyone knows just one event could change the situation dramatically joining us now is dr paul called hes an appeal to me although just specializing in infectious respiratory diseases here in germany welcome to our program dr bucholtz now clearly super spreaders have existed before in this history of pandemics is there anything different about the phenomenon of super spreading in todays covert 19 pandemic compared to previous ones well i dont really think so what is perhaps different to start. Now are starting to understand just in the normal striving for. To my mind 3 major its important ingredients 1st. Person is infectious. There seem to be a difference between persons if they. In turn. How many small particles they emit and they are infectious and when we measure 10 different persons when they just breathe or speak at the same center the december upstairs emits very different amount of these smart articles that are particularly now capable of being inhaled and then getting to the to the deep ours along directly the 2nd ingredient is the 2nd. Receive frequently. Operates when they have a high attack rates that can occur in close settings very rally outdoors up close settings and when they are ventilated cool event render people have stayed a long time in it. And the mendez high article and mickey are 2 g. Thats a lot of singing screaming and so on and then the 3rd aspect is of course the. Be the person at the other end were exposed to to the infectious articles so Vulnerable People win over thousands and older age that have certain preconditions when there is a man the group has a large part of those and then theres a higher chance also all right having eirik right. So were talking about people settings and susceptibility given that how should one assess the risk when going to well Populated Areas or attending large events as we know not every mass gathering has resulted in lots of the infections at the same time smaller gatherings have also been known to produce new clusters. The thing is to always behave as if there was an infectious person around where i am and then it comes down to what i call on the 5 seas as a sort of acronym so number one is. Keep your hands clean doesnt affect them regularly and hygiene then the 2nd one is cover your nose and your mouth always there are important not just one of them and then obvious re avoidance is avoid close contact. Close contact other persons or close contact settings. Then number 4 is. Avoid close rooms touch when they are poorly ventilated that isnt very important issue or Knowledge Base and last the 5th season avoid places is there any way to stop super spiders and is concentrating on individuals even a sensible strategy. I would not concentrate i believe on on person that what what is probably the more important part is the setting. And there are a number of. Our bravest whether there has been intense transmission where there was that it wasnt. Indoors environment its also something close doors and we have could ventilation and then in addition perhaps some activity that created a lot of particles lets say like singing or screaming and such loudspeaker and so that these small particles that are able to flow in the air and do not drop very rapidly they are kind of cumulate over time its also a measure of how much time this group spends in that sort of. Setting or room now as public life reawakens in many places in many parts of the world you have bars being reopened and restaurants in gyms it talked about the importance of event aleisha in there and perhaps like not spending too much time indoors but how well it can super spreading events and be prevented from that sort of general Public Health center on one of the most important ones it depends which wrong you which room you choose for which kind of event so if you have a sort of short meeting business meeting you can actually choose another side type of room then when you are a quiet one to want to rehearse so you perhaps need some some other type of who grabs. The errors go is drawn away as coming from below a strong will i can sort of cinema sort of since they have often that are concert rooms sometimes to have that so they they should be very careful which kind of room they are so redefining which rooms are fit for which purpose thank you very much a doctor would a book called to specializes in infectious respiratory diseases at the robert cock institute in germany thank you for your insights iraq im. And now its time for your question here is our science correspondent derek williams. A mother who is a symptomatic breastfeeding. It must be terrifying for the mother of an infant to test positive for a covert 19 whether she displays symptoms or not because the relationship is such an intimate one physically that it seems highly unlikely that the baby wont contract the disease as well despite the threat though both the w. H. O. And most National Health authorities urge mothers who have tested positive for the disease whether theyre symptomatic or not to continue to breastfeed because the benefits of breastfeeding and skin to skin contact between mother and child a substantially outweigh any risks associated with coded 19 for the child so it still isnt 100 percent certain that breast milk always remains completely free from the virus but but the evidence indicates that its not really spread that way the mothers who test positive should however follow a list of precautions to try to prevent passing the virus along to their baby if this is an issue for you i recommend really taking the time to read the much more extensive information posted on the w. H. O. And c. D. C. Web sites that can actually help calm your fears especially to learn that most newborns and infants who get cove at 19 have mild or no symptoms and will eventually as far as we can tell recover fully. And before we let you go londons famous victoria and Albert Museum reopens this week after the coronavirus shut down and it is getting ready to welcome visitors by putting a bit of sparkle in their lives the art and Design Museum is a readying. And 8 metre high class culture in its Entrance Hall after closing for 4 months for the pandemic as well as the sculpture made up of 1300. 00 pieces of blue and green glass the museum will have taken in time slots Hand Sanitizer stations and mask wearing guidelines to make its interest feel safe. Number one priority that wraps up our show if you want more in the meantime visit the coronavirus section of the d. W. Website at t w dot com thanks for watching. Into the conflict zone tim sebastian. Hong kong never leave the news for long these days now its the draft of a new security law to be imposed by beijing was provoking controversy as protest joining me this week from long ago is regina a member of the citys Legislative Council and chair of the probate new Peoples Party carlos complex. In the heart of climate change. Thats. What. People. Want to use today have their future. W dot com africa and make a city the multimedia. Could turn. Into use for me. The tourism is for a new. Beethoven is for health. Beethoven piece from. The top is for. Beethoven is trying to. Be tough it is for. A total 202250th anniversary year long deal when you. Look in detail at how beijing uses its National Security laws on the mainland you dont really understand the real situation in hong kong i also will come back to the situation in hong kong how one country 2 systems legally operate this week were replaying an interview about hong kong recorded in early june by then many fear that a new security law to be imposed by beijing would seriously damage the independence of hong kongs judging my guest was regina chair of the probe aging new Peoples Party