Left wounds that have yet to heal what should be done with the stolen art from africa. Stolen so start september 7th on d w. Aids tuberculosis and the plague some of the worst diseases came from animals. Than you coronavirus is just the latest. Scientists believe it originated in bats. And that it spread either directly to humans or via pangolin. But how exactly. If the virus is actually in. Food and we have no examples of where this virus has been transmitted as a food borne where someone has consumed a food product and the viruses can be killed like viruses other viruses as well can be killed if if the meat is cooked wildlife and the corona virus. Its not about pointing fingers but we need to know where the disease started with us or with our friends in the Animal Kingdom and how exactly do these diseases move between hosts scientists are trying to work that out but have to be careful not to make matters worse while in the field. Who. Are closest relatives in the Animal Kingdom are keen communicators just like us the similarities are not surprising given that we share almost 99 percent of our genome with chimpanzees but what is a common cold for a human can be lethal for a chimpanzee and as the animals are highly social species an infection can wipe out an entire group so researches are very cautious when approaching the apes here at the Tiny National park in ivory coast germanys Max Planck Institute for evolutionary anthropology has been studying the behavior of chimpanzees for many its experts have seen too many infections have a devastating consequence for the animals they examined disease apes to determine the cause of death and identify any pathogens also because potential viruses could pose a threat to humans to. Take for example the last major outbreak occurred in west africa between 20142016 taking the lives of 11000 people it is believed to have spread to humans through the consumption of infected wild animals such as apes and fruit bats they typically carry a range of viruses but are not necessarily affected by them if an ape eats fruit contaminated with fruit but saliva it can become infected and the virus can then be passed on by human eating infected ate meat in the case of the bowl or the virus is deadly for both humans and apes scientists are investigating those modes of transmission among the chimpanzees of ivory coast and among lowland gorillas and in the rain forests of Central Africa and the congo basin they too are under acute threat from humans who are encroaching deeper into the Natural Habitats of the primates cutting down trees to sell the timber worldwide a further threat is from poachers who hunt the animals for then meat to feed the rapidly growing population and unwittingly come into contact with viruses and pathogens in the jungle scientists have registered around 200 so not it diseases infections transferred from animals to humans not all a dangerous there might well be more deadly surprises lurking in the jungle. Joins us from. The truth just how dangerous are diseases that originate in animals for us. Well in general we have to say that most diseases most anxious these eaters origin aging in any amount. In humans are originating in animals so the more we look molly pinder even the well known means of such as needles how many actually from the Animal Kingdom so they are there and they are dangerous i was also reading something similar that humans suffer from very similar pathogens to to the great apes what why is that. We share not genetic and heres your Logical Properties with the great apes you know our closest relative. Speaking we are great apes astronomically so this is why we share most of the same things the only difference is that we humans are the relation all connected and the great apes are not so they have less Infectious Diseases actually circulating among them so how do scientists prevent chimpanzees for example apes which whichever animal they may be that there are researching how do they prevent them from catching something from us. Thats a very important topic actually we carry more diseases and they do probably and we have shown thats research or tourism we can bring our intentions in the years to the great apes so we have since 2008 but we become pain where we promote hedging measures just keeping a distance wearing a mask basically everything we are doing now and everywhere in the world to prevent prevent disease wrapped whos carrying around more disease away or the animals because i also read about bats that they carry around thousands of viruses the never actually make them sick but just one of them has spread throughout the human population like wildfire 19. Well if you talk about the jet any mold in general they are very touching on the guy who is group so they will have more possible than we have in total looking at one single theses humans happy or property to have a passenger and circulate permanently among us and then many anymore if thats not possible on the National Circumstances because they are not such a big population and theyre not so connected so you know they dont have the mobilisation problem like we have so what can your research on great apes contribute to protecting humans from future pandemics so from the triple centric point of view the great apes you know they live in an area with high biodiversity was locked off microorganisms which mean dont even know about and they have thought of as little filters whatever they catch from the environment which makes them sick or kill them is very very likely also important for us so we can use them as sentinels and. Is the future looking better for your research is it so diet i mean everyone talks about the next pandemic and we havent even got through this one have way. You know this is also not the 1st pandemic right we have many which have already affected men and clients in the past and age and he is also the peelings are not to give these coming from the chimpanzees right so im very sure the next one will come nobody can say when it will be and where exactly at start of this is where we need more research to identify the risk and the risk actors is it something thats being funded to the extent that its like to say. I think you will never get a positive reply on that from any researcher. Obviously i think its. One of the few Positive Side effects of this pandemic that theres more attention on these issues and the content on one how we look at the environment and human health and human health and the connectivity both between those that have become again a bird which is even mentioned by politicians so theres hope that it will be better for the future but to hear thank you very much for joining us today thank you have you got questions youd like to ask about the coronavirus get in contact on our you tube channel and our science correspondent Derrick Williams will look into the subject. Why are diabetics highly vulnerable to getting seriously ill when they contract kovac 19. This is one of those questions researchers have been trying to answer for months and theyve really struggled with it and its a critical one particularly for countries that have high rates of diabetes a recent study from england for example showed that earlier in the pandemic people who had the condition made up around a 3rd of covert 1000 related deaths and hospitals thats a lot estimates in the u. S. Have put that percentage even higher but its its really difficult to to untangle the exact reasons why People Living with diabetes are often affected more severely than the average covert 19 patient thats because patients who have type 2 diabetes the most common kind often also have other comorbidities associated with severe covert 1000 outcomes complicating factors like like obesity or or hypertension for example the exact cause of the often more severe outcomes in patients who have diabetes is therefore still unclear but we know from past research that the metabolic disorder also affects immune response which means it can impair your ability to recover from infections and and covert 19 can also attack some of the same organs like your kidneys that may have already been impacted in someone who has diabetes thats why researchers are now looking at whether diabetic drugs could also maybe play a role in treating tobit 19 and even among those who dont have the disorder. And now brief look at the latest on our own code 19 from of 200 countries and territories to give you an idea of where were at in the global fight against the virus. New cases have doubled in 23 countries. And increased in another 71. New case numbers have stayed at the same level in 5 nations. 78 countries have seen new positive cases for covert godown. The reported case numbers have haft in 21 countries. And 11 have reported no new cases for 4 weeks in a row. d is the bar graph stacked up against the statistics of the last weeks remember the battle is won when that entire chart is blue theres a long way to go. Finally missing the thrill of air travel from knocked down maybe this nigerian restaurant can help you out if youre in the area that is urban air is giving diners the illusion of flight without ever leaving the ground on board it has its flight themed food and drinks are going to the clouds outside it is a cloud that is the food is served from the cockpit and course you wont have to bother with those long lines at the security check. Mills look a lot bigger as well i mean for us all and see against a. Medicine from. Microbiologists in syria looking to make it a reality this searching for new sources of antibiotics in punches to counter the growing resistance to conventional antibiotics its a long costly road. To morrow due to. Their own d w. Any other time its a big deal in case a mistrial nondrug down the pike conducted the best musicians she. Could run and to make. The search sound constant. Exclusive on our top 10. The. Borg home. We know this is a scary time for us the coronavirus is changing the world changing our lives so please take care of yourself good distance wash your hands if you can stay at how we do w. For here for you we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all of our platforms and were all in this to be a man and together make it through. To suit everybody. Is serious and stay safe please lets face it. More than 80 percent of our oceans remain unanswered unobserved and unexplored. We know more about the surface of the moon. Even mouse. Yet were busy polluting our scenes of the coronavirus pandemic has led to a new kind of waste. But the watery depths conceal an arsenal of bio active compounds packed with pharmaceutical potential. Researchers are studying the reason bacteria in the hope of finding me with anti by. Takes. Her welcome to tomorrow today this week with a special focus on the ocean. Bad. Bacteria are found all around us they reproduce by splitting into occasionally random genetic mutations occurred during this process this can make some bacteria more resistant. To mutated bacteria die off but sometimes the mutation protects the bacterial cells from the effects of antibiotics for example. They enter by arctic kills the that area without the mutation while the others thrive. He added biotech resistant bacteria can then go on to rip if you use with less competition and form a whole new colony. This is evolution by Natural Selection but its caused by human intervention. As it arctic resistant bacteria can rapidly establish themselves and hospitals the concentration is particularly high. Factory farming is another source of antibiotic resistant bacteria. They can spread by the sewage system and ultimately harm our health its a vicious circle but perhaps the ocean could hold the solution. There could be a treasure trove of unimagined which is lying here in the depths hiding within marine. Microbiologist you know n. P. L. And his team from e. T. H. Ceric gather samples for analysis in the lab at the university. To come from fear and we know that many kinds of spawn are jam packed with bacteria. That they can make up as much as half of a sponges weight hundreds of different species of microorganisms all living together in close proximity. Doesnt this is a gold mine of bioactive substances. But why is that so interesting and important in the search for new and more effective antibiotics because wherever lots of bacteria are competing for space and nutrition antibacterial agents are present. Soil for example is teeming with bacteria and fundy and theyre all fighting each other its war in there. And micro organisms are smart theyre basically specialized chemicals factories. They produce and deploy antibiotics to destroy their enemy. The n. E. A. Mr saw them and find ones that could be useful to us. Different microorganisms 1st identified and then cultured in the lab. Harmful bacteria that make us sick cultured separately on blast plates they replicate and formats across the surface samples of the microorganisms and then deposited on the bacterial coaches if an empty spot forms that means an antibacterial agent in a sample has killed the bacteria around it the bald patch is known as the zone of inhibit ssion this is a way to identify candidates for further research to see if they could lead to new drugs. Most antibiotics known today do indeed hail from the soil its readily accessible but has not yielded much thats new or exciting for decades. Sponges have not yet been so start really researched theyre the new frontier they could be harboring powerful agents ones to which bacteria that make us sick have not developed any resistance the team wont reveal which species of sponge are the most. Missing for now but its a closely guarded secret the research is want to be sure of their findings before announcing any breakthrough. Does its very little for what weve discovered has prompted a lot of excitement in the lab and its to find a new antibiotic thats effective against multi resistant bacteria is the holy grail because theyre so very hard to get rid of were feeling pretty optimistic right now that a new drug can be found on that. But the work is extremely challenging the bacteria from the sponges a very delicate the team have managed to identify and study them for the 1st time using a new method they invented thats a major step in its own right. Identifying an antibacterial agent in nature is one thing but that turning it into a reliable drug is a process also fraught with difficulties and thats no guarantee of success. Doesnt say a long its a very slow and arduous process that takes about a decade and is also very expensive. Should p. L. And his team find the holy grail any resulting new drug would probably not immediately go into mass production and be widely used. If it is indeed effective against the deadliest of multi resistant bacteria it would probably 1st join the exclusive club of last resort agents and to be used sparingly if thats what. Its a pharmaceutical treasure trove of. Valuable bioactive substances are contained in sponges in mollusks and coral reefs which could help us combat viruses or cancer for example. But we already destroying those valuable resources before we even get to grasp their potential. In. The south coast of maine york or. Just with the on attack marine science n. G. O. S a gathering plastic in the mediterranean in order to collect data. Sophie who go its the captain of the research vessel. As a dozen this is whats called a month search warrant and it was given to us by an Organization Called 5 giant tells its own native 3000 miles of trails for use by scientists around the world of. The structure is inspired by them and to read a species found in sub tropical and tropical oceans. We filter the water for 30 minutes what were looking for a micro plastics of. The net works exactly like a man to read a filter feeder ells or. So what we catch is what u. S. Feed all. Of us are monitored on 1st. Rays feed on so plankton which they channel into their mouth but these days thats not all the 40 odd species of ray that inhabit these waters consume. Stacks that fit into a micro plastics smaller than 5 millimeter anything big this just in the plastics we make that distinction when we collect data. Like these will clog up the oceans for hundreds of years before disintegrating fully the world. Marine animals feed on them with deadly consequences. Just as i think its a fact other the 3rd or even a whole for what these creatures consume is plastic. Some 500000. 00 tons of plastics waste and its up in the mediterranean every year thats the equivalent of 34000. 00 plastic bottles every minute. Italy and egypt primarily due to tourism. And the average 13000. 00 plastic pasta coals and now a drift per square kilometer of the mediterranean. Breaks down more and more until its micro plastic then marine animals feed on it and says the food chain. Scientists like currently researching whether plastics end up in fish and therefore in the food we eat. Studies have shown that almost 75 percent of fish in the atlantic have ingested plastic. Plastics that also detrimental to the ocean itself. Kilometers off the coast there researches have discovered ghost net fishing nets that have been left or lost in the ocean by fishermen. These accounts for about a 3rd of the plastic in the mediterranean. But what they found today of fishing nets that are probably used by fish men who are truly desperate. As a dozen guys and this is about the 12 goes from it that we found this summer. They likely come from north africa its a traditional way of fishing i cast the net and just wait to see what they catch. The bus system and about its very bad for turtles mainly because they tend to just swim straight into a net. Back here in italy. And then before they know it and they get horse up in all the rope and let them there thats. Nearly 400. 00 types of marine animals have been found in nets like these once a sea turtle for example has got course in one its almost impossible for it to free itself and it dies a painful death at least 100000 Marine Mammals and more than a 1000000 marine birds die in these nets in year. This turtle got lucky the researches managed to free it but before these animals natural habitat can once again be safe and the worlds oceans sprayed of Plastic Waste humans need to massively reduced their reliance on plastics. Why does it take so long for plastic to biodegrade in many cases hundreds of years. For example polypropylene is made up of propylene molecules the polymer has a long backbone of carbon atoms that form very strong bonds these chemical structures dont occur in nature so microorganisms contract them down effectively. But plastic has conquered al. Plastic bottles are made from petroleum they are light practical and can be found pretty much everywhere. Globally a 1000000 are sold every single minute of the day if they were placed end to end the plastic bottles