Conservation. How to make see the screen. How can we protect our tests. We can make a difference to. The ideas the environmental series of little 3000. 00 on t. W. Gone. Were being told to keep things clean. d d d through direct contact or through the air traces of corona virus can be transferred to the objects we touch and in turn transfer to us. To keep that from happening weve come up with innovative ways to avoid having to touch things. And to keep surfaces clean. Living our lives means its impossible to avoid all types of contact so we need to understand the real. Risks in our environments. How long does the virus remain viable on surfaces and is it ever there in dangerous amounts do surfaces pose the threat we once thought they did. And this is the covert 900 special hello and welcome to the show im Stephen Beardsley in berlin good to have you with us money shopping cards door handles just about everything we touch is getting a 2nd look these days or even a clever work around like that elevator we just saw but our anxieties over surface contacts backed up by the research of the virus and its viability lets take a look. Weaving in and out among the commuters a london Simpang Chris is this futuristic pair. Theyve been brought in by one of the british capitals Busiest Railway stations to help with the fight against coronavirus. One sweeps and mops the other uses powerful ultraviolet light to kill microorganisms including those the coup was copied 19. Keeping coronavirus off the station surfaces is a constant battle. What the new technology were out was to have our start focusing on the hardtops points so that the automatic machines can then go and train them on dining areas and that allows us to ensure that were doing exactly what we need to send. Scientists have been trying to work out how long the virus remains active on surfaces for searches in australia recently tested its survival when left in ideal conditions. Metrics the recent. Creations. First drug will. Lead to drive. Up to. 20. Years and then we see regular wants to see if we can reach our. The scientists concluded that corona virus can remain infectious on surfaces such as glass steel and polymer banknotes when kept at 20 degrees celsius for at least 4 weeks thats more or less Room Temperature however move up to 30 degrees and the virus survives for just 7 days at an even higher temperature 40 degrees celsius it remains infectious for just 24 hours. The researchers are however keen to point out that outside of their strictly controlled Lab Conditions coronavirus may find it a lot harder to survive. Real. Encounter someone. The real. Results like. The amounts of virus used in the study are also likely to be much greater than would be encountered in the real world nevertheless Global Health officials have taken note of the findings we use this information to look at our disinfectants the good news is that this virus can be disinfected with with disinfectants with chlorine with different types of very very quickly. And that swear the same pancreas robots come in through their work and that of their human colleagues the station stands a better chance of stopping the fire in its tracks. Im joined now by a man your goldman is professor of microbiology of rockers university in the u. S. About you its good to have you with us this australian story that we just mentioned in that piece does it tell us anything relevant for normal people about how they should interact with their environments. No i do not believe so the conditions that they used for these experiments were just completely out of touch with reality this is if the the the scientists set down and said what what can they actually devise a way to protect this virus as long as possible what can we do to extend this lifetime thats less what they were doing for example they do their study in the dark the virus is kept in the dark the virus is killed by liked ultraviolet light youre already mentioned that in your broadcasts. All light has some some component of ultraviolet. They used. A material in the virus preparation. That they were aiming to imitate human secretions but they use something called both fine serum albumin bovine stands for cattle. Is a protein from cow cows and its already been published bovine serum help human protects the virus and the best from decaying. The virus is killed by being dried out they took their experiment in 50 percent humidity. Now thats relatively normal humidity and indoors but humidity is a variable it doesnt always stay that a percent and its turns out that 50 percent humidity is the maximum committee for the virus survival. Stories dries out the dogs. In a study looks like the got a lot of attention obviously because of this this figure of over 28 days survivability what do we know about the actual survivability of the virus under normal conditions. Everybody else has looked at it. Including including many papers that i have criticised find much much less survival the virus and surfaces. The journal of medicine paper. Found a couple of days. Other papers have found a comparable in actual human ucas the virus finds a half life of 3 hours what we mean by half life is that exercise amount of time half the virus is dead and half remains and then same amount of time again half of what was left at that point the scar and half or mains were quarters left so you do the math and you go through 456 half lives and youre down to much much lower levels of virus. And. The half life that most people have measured in one paper. Order of an hour or 2 maybe 3 hours new england journal of medicine paper and plastic and still the papers had about a 6 hour halflife i think people are overly concerned about surface transmission that theyre more worried than they should be. Yes yes i do believe that they are. Definitely more more concerned than they should be the main concern should be in what you breathe. This virus is contracted by breathing its not contracted by surfaces and in fear radically you can get it from a surface there is no case confirmed in the scientific literature with this wires has been transmitted by a surface there are 2 possible papers that suggest it but even there it could just as well of been transmitted by aerosols but the air that you breathe. For says this is a study in south korea. A case in south korea where there was a misuse building of offices and residences of that loving 100 people in that building one of the this is in that building. People got sick with the corona virus and everybody in that office got sick the rest of the building almost nobody got sick. And if there had been surface transmission we would have seen a lot more in that case briefly if i may ask you just on the piece there are about cleaning Solutions Like these robots to go around the station doesnt fact do you think thats helpful or is that just for peace of mind as a gesture briefly if you can. I think its peace of mind its just a gesture again of the look the problem with focusing on surfaces so the takes your focus away from what really is important which is what you breathe all right and then you will have to leave it there professor Emanuel Goldman at Rutgers University thank you so much thank you i know its time for your questions its the part of the show where our science correspondent Derek Williams answers the questions you posted to you tube channel or derek. How long does an asymptomatic person or one who has overcome cope at 19 remain a possible source of infection. Regardless of whether you have symptoms or if youre asymptomatic if youve been diagnosed with coke at 19 its important not to leave isolation until your local Health Authority says you no longer pose a danger to others and its recommended guidelines that w. H. O. Says that on average positive patients who show symptoms could be infectious for up to 10 days after symptoms 1st appeared it also says patients should wait at least that long plus 3 days after their symptom free without any medication so a person with an average case of coke at 19 if there is such a thing should isolate a minimum of 13 days for asymptomatic people the w. H. O. Recommendation is to isolate for at least 10 days since your last positive test various National Health authorities have interpreted those recommendations in different ways there is no 0 risk scenario but as a rule of thumb people who test positive whether there are symptomatic or asymptomatic are now viewed as being no longer infectious after 2 weeks. Or so and corresponded their feelings there and before we let you go were also learning how to incorporate social distancing into our routines well heres a school in italy thats found a novel way to bring children to class while staying safe with a socalled petty bus or foot bus thats basically a rope with distance handles the Children Wear face masks and pull their book bags alongside a system was originally designed to limit air pollution from cars but has been updated for the coronavirus era. And thats it for todays cover 1000. 00 special as always thanks for watching. The lead there from. Live me become a shoo. In meatballs. Just. The beginning of the end to animal based products. But which will turn it is work and which ones they are the. New ideas from the global market. Value. To the point strong opinions clear positions from international perspectives. While the rest of the world struggles with kobe a country where it all began is reporting low infection rates and strong growth in china and corona by listen up super spreader to economic winners find out how to the point. To the point of the green goblin 60 minutes on d. W. Or. Beethoven is for me. Beethoven is for you. Beethoven as for hell. Beethoven is for. Is for the. Beethoven is for us. Beethoven is for them on. The beethoven 2027250th anniversary year on w. Pigs in tight airless cages cows that dont know the taste of fresh grass chickens that never go outdoors thats the sad reality of factory farming the production of ever cheaper meat comes at the expense of the animals well being sheep meat from poorly treated animals come to the consumers expense to after all how can we ensure that the quality of animal products is good if the industry is all about reducing costs the cost of meat thats our topic today on made in germany the business magazine of ella its good to have you with us consumers have long viewed meat as a mere commodity without connecting it to the lives of the animals it comes from certainly applies to industrial poor production which favors scale over Animal Welfare and that means that pig farms in the cram the animals into tight enclosures with no room to move around naturally researchers are getting a better understanding of pigs just how smart sensitive even sociable they are these discoveries in turn are helping drive Consumer Preferences and driving demand for better or humane production methods lets take a look at a farm that tries to raise happy picks. These pigs need an unusually large amount of straw thats because of the enlightened approach taken by farmer got the element of x. Mine. Instead of viewing your animals purely as future food she treats them as living beings and places value on how they feel. She posts daily to social media with stories from her free range enclosure she believes that the set up appeals to consumers her pigs are not crammed into a single pan as is the case with conventional pig farming but are free to roam as a result the animals dont gain weight as quickly so rearing them takes longer and costs more money but the farmers determined to give the animals a decent life and her 2000 or so pigs seem to appreciate it. Basically created an activity area for the pigs with twice the amount of space and that costs more money the animals can choose whether to go outside go to the straw area or to the shower which has a slated for this or maybe go to the resting area they can choose where theyd like to go the whole day long also. The farmer fences off her enclosure to protect her pigs from the african swine fever virus which is often transmitted by wild boar a few kilometers away and this farm run by your own alas also has around 2000 pigs he uses a system of containment doors and foot baths for protection. As on most pig farms in germany his animals are housed in a conventional pen that means theyre caged in 247 a set up that Animal Welfare campaigners criticize. But alas has other concerns right now since the outbreak of the african swine fever his livestock are worth around 20 euro cents less per kilo. The from the you know its pretty easy to calculate if an average farmer in this region has 7 or 800 pigs that quickly adds up to a loss of 15 or 20000 euros im from one day to the next on the run on their prices falling because countries in asia are currently no longer importing german pork because of the african swine fever and Alarming Development for young a of us and marketing expert but hot on charlton germans tend to eat only certain parts of the pig which is why farmers here benefited from preferences that asian consumers have. The. Different markets complemented each other wonderfully. Germans primarily eat pound fry parts like pork couplets meat from the neck or the law any more pork chops. And a cutlet or and asians tend to eat more of the fatty parts fit as well as parts with cartilage like the ears feet and tail fins john so much in demand here and off and gets in when this is going to become extremely difficult to find buyers for those parts in europe and other countries as the food is a touch too so giving it also shes. Had already designed an alternative Marketing Strategy for the pigs in her animal friendly enclosure and now during the Coronavirus Crisis thats paid off. Runs of meat cutting plant that processes 80 pigs a week from the farm its a more complicated operation than at conventional large scale meat factories. In this case its not just the prime cuts that are being sold theres also demand for a wide variety of sausage concoctions. The resulting Meat Products are then sold throughout the country by south a dame cutting out the dip. Pendency on overseas export products. Still some parts are hard just so even in traditionally Poor Congress germany. Spite of all things yes not so with heads and pork belly were doing ok theres bacon and jelly loves us. But only to a certain capacity. Than the us was and is pigs trotters tails and ears thats where we just dont have enough buyers we cant get rid of them 1980 that is in its rules. But thats only a minor setback while conventional pig farms are absolutely depended on asian markets Gabriella Miller is still doing ok sales wise plus the price for her pigs has remained stable. As a visit from the if its in terms of the fish and see where somewhere between conventional and organic and theres a big interest in this among farmers not just with this system here all animal friendly concepts in germany are seeing a major run among farmers and bottles. And those concepts are also in demand among retailers low price Meat Products are now off the menu at the supermarket the only pork on offer at the meat counter comes from farms like months. Its 30 percent more expensive than conventional pork for supermarkets its a risk but they too see something beyond the immediate profits. We now have a different approach to selling meat our stuff feels that way too because its something you can better identify with. This all these. Cordons may well have lost some customers who prefer budget meat from conventional farming. To the cold but weve also seen an increase in new customers coming from further afield and sometimes. Around 55000000. 00 pigs are slaughtered every year in germany so far only a tiny portion of those whos reared on animal Friendly Farms but. Is confident that their number will soon grow. To meet was a crucial element of humankinds early diet a long lasting source of energy there is costing tens of and therefore rarely on the dinner table today its a staple of our meals and we expected to be as cheap as possible where comes from these days thats anyones guess so how do we get to this point is a brief look back at the history of meat. Meats market why does our appetite for animals come from. Meat was highly valued by our ancestors the energy rich food even played a role in human evolution. As the human brain grew larger strategies weapons into means for obtaining meat improved. At 1st our ancestors a carcasses then they hunted mammoths bats wild boar the more prey the bigger the groups they could sustain. The formation of large cities are shit in local slaughterhouses different kinds of but shows formed guilds and open markets. Then came the Industrial Revolution in 1965 chicago opened its 1st meat packing plants in which entire herds of cattle were slaughtered and processed on assembly lines. The meat packing industry went global after world war 2 and Meat Consumption doubled meet once a sign of prosperity became an affordable commodity. In 29000. 00 more pork was exported from the e. U. Than anywhere else in the world with germany and spain at the top brazil and australia lead in beef exports. Thanks to subsidies the e. U. And the us have flooded World Markets with cheap chicken countries like ghana cant keep up and have largely stopped producing domestic chicken meat. Nowadays its hard to figure out where the meat and are super markets comes from its bread fed slaughtered and processed in Different Countries according to where its cheapest Animal Welfare is usually disregarded. Scandals over rotten meat horse meat and low wages and the damage done to the environment by mass meat production have harmed meats image. Although nowadays our brain gets enough nutrients from other foods while white Meat Consumption isnt going down but maybe the meat of the future will come from the laboratory. Where test tube taco meat made it sounds especially appealing but there is indeed a growing variety of meat substitutes that are carving their way into the market and with meat hardly a luxury anymore avoiding animal products has actually become a trend in many countries not just concerns o