And social norms and informed them of old dead basic rights my name is the amount of the homes and i wore at some into. The pandemic is basically put life on hold for many at the trickiest time of life adolescence. You cant stop a teen from growing up or developing but the concern in isolation is that theyll develop in the wrong direction. Psychologists warn of a global surge in mental disorders. On the cusp of the old hood young people are seeing their chances of a future eroded the effects could be lasting. Theyre meant to be focusing on their education exams uni an apprenticeship getting a job a lot of really important life changing decisions while down under a cloud of uncertainty and fear created by the crowd a virus life just got really hot for some loot shia is 16 years old and lives in cynthia spain her life has changed dramatically at her school in Person Learning only takes place in small groups the rest is all mine. We used to meet more people now and just go around in a small group of friends we used to go to the movies but we dont do it now because of the risk we used to go everywhere i promise now i only want everything has changed everythings harder now still she says she understands why the rules are in place but we do have grandparents and older people in the family thats why i dont think the measures go too far there are something good. Now lives in the polish capital warsaw pandemics constant stress and worry as well as social isolation have taken a toll. I suddenly had symptoms of Anxiety Disorders and develop tics and 20 says have told me that they have psychological problems and anxiety from the constant uncertainty. Just like you. Politics are a big interest last summers president ial race saw him not get involved in activism that helped. My sense of activism once reawaken becomes of the pandemic and thats a great thing there were president ial elections during the pandemic and there was so much hatred directed at people. Tara is 18 and lives in london and is also finishing school she wants to go to a highly selective Theater Academy shes driving the fall and winter months. You cant just meet each other outside anymore because its so much colder and we can go to those houses and i think i really miss seeing my friends. And i know it sounds like. Im not going to be able to see my granny at christmas and my family are going to be able to go visit shes going to be on her own and so its just all these Different Things that just make it such a rubbish thing to do. She says the government doesnt have Young Peoples Mental Health in mind when it makes decisions. You know if the government just the right lets just shut everything off that makes young people happy and gives them like things to enjoy things to escape from their lives for all parties and just have a bit of fun which is what makes being i think a young person so fun fun parties and ventures simply sitting in a full classroom its own out of reach during this time of isolation with no end in sight yet for young people. From berlins humbled university is a psychologist and works with children and teens can you list us through the most common issues young people are struggling with right now. Well there are actually a couple of problems that they are struggling with. One of the most important ones is of course anxiety they are worrying about everything right now their future the virus itself and so forth but they also are experiencing depressive symptoms they have problems with conflict and families and of course sleeping problems eating problems all this kind of stuff so hows the pandemic amplifying those problems. And well the problem is that depend on itself and of course the year there were strictures that follow along they increase the stress and and we know from research that stress is one of the main factors for and developing Mental Health problems and of course now we have this huge stress there it just depends and the restrictions and its kind of kind of normal that children youth and its all experience and Mental Health problems. Even though we do not know if they will have to eventually have a magical order or how they will cope in the long term however at the moment we see sort of and double of symptoms. In children and youth what the term is whether these problems there develop into disorders that. There are a couple of factors. That. Have to fire the stress and one of thems most important the background of the children so they well they were able to stress do they have had had they had family problems before did they have mental disorders before do they have support and the schools in their social life and of course it also depends on the length of the pandemic and the restrictions and we expect them to show increased problems even after the pandemic sort of in the late onset. But we are quite certain that we have moderate and we have not reached the full height of Mental Health problems in the kinetic is a very much dependent on what sort of parents you have and how they react. Well thats thats certainly one factor then thats been studied in australia when they showed that one of the most important things to the development of Mental Health problems was that over the conflicts in families and of course if the parents are stressed and you have conflict and in the family and that increase the stress on the children so one point in fact is how the parents are coping but there are other factors as well its also how the how well the children are involved with their friends how much support do they receive from others how well help how much support do they get from a fine example from schools so parents know one thing but not the only one so i guess its important that the schools stay open. Yes i am very happy that right now in germany schools have have been staying open and i hope that this stays that way because what we saw and during the 1st lockdown in many countries it was that children restaurant a lot with. A lack of structure during the day with the lack of social contact with of support from that teaches and so i think that this is really important thing for Mental Health too in the schools and all day care facilities opened if its possible for concerning the endemic restrictions sure. How else can we avoid melancholy or loneliness or isolation turning into something worse. Well one thing is to be to be to be starting to be a bit more creative and we know that social support is one of the main factors to decrease Mental Health problems and to decrease stress so of course a lot of people think we need social support from real life interactions but of course we can use digital and digital setups we can try to find positive reinforcement in our everyday lives to experience things that helpful to ask have like the Little Things of life that you enjoy and of course and try to share these with other people so thats one thing how we can try to manage the stress from. 2. To decrease and on the other hand its also it also depends a lot on the on the perspective that you have when problems and of course you can sort of go into a downward spiral and think about all the things that are bad right now or you can try to focus on the nice things during the day just be thankful for one thing at the end of the day id rather focus on the nice things to you from berlin somebody university thank you very much for joining us today. Thank you. Very good advice your questions now on the coronavirus is the science correspondent eric williams. Im curious about differences in covert 19 infection rate seen in primary versus secondary schools other studies on that. Theres a real jungle of conflicting data on this topic and pretty much any other question that you can think of thats related to kids and this pandemic so so lets start with what seems at least mostly clear at this point 1st several studies including a few big ones have shown pretty convincingly that infected kids can also transmit the virus to others but the data also looks pretty strong that a kids are more likely to get it from adults than the other way around and b. That smaller children in particular so those under 12 or so are a lot less likely to transmit it to others than older children or adults the European Center for disease prevention and control has emphasized that unlike with other respiratory diseases there is no evidence that kids are primary drivers of covert 19 outbreaks one of the big problems with trying to compare a primary to secondary school kids to find out how big the differences between them might be is that every study decides what the word child means on its own one might look at anyone under 18 others might only look at kids in preschool if you want a comprehensive round up of what we know so far about kids and covert 19 i highly recommend looking at what the w. H. O. Has published on it its info pages are connected to a very very wide range of subjects around the topic everything from what ive talked about here to how closing schools affects childrens welfare and youll also find more studies there on children in covert 19 than you can shake a stick out. To bring you up to date with the latest on. Code infections from more than 200 countries and territories. The numbers show new cases doubling in 39 nations and increasing in another 81 countries have stayed at the same level in 16 countries 61 nations have seen their new positive cop in 1000 cases decline another rate down by a least top and 6 countries have reported no new cases for 4 weeks in a row heres the background showing the statistics of the past few weeks the fight against the corona virus will be over when that whole chart turns blue so its going to take some time. And we leave you with images from much to picture in peru which has officially reopened to tourists in virus all the inca stern citadel closed for 7 months the reopening was celebrated with a small ceremony site has strict corona measures admitting i mean 30 percent of its normal visitor capacity. The school play just as it seems. To understand the world better we need to take a closer. Experience knowledge tomorrows edition. Of. These works of art are made using stamps not brushes. Impeccably captured snapshots by frederico. An artist with extraordinary technique. Who creates a perfect combination of teams. Time for your world. In 60 minutes d w. It was the 1st International Tribunal in history. The number of trials to. 75 years ago a high ranking officers of the nazi regime were you judging by the allied forces. They were the 1st criminals to be held accountable for their crime spree. And theres now a man. Going through dont pair. Frazier. Our 2 part series the 3rd reich the dog starts nov 12th on d w. Music is one of the oldest forms of cultural expression and language of the main star versity that has accompanied us across time and space for tens of thousands of years. Of brain seem to be able to process music from an early age music itself might be rather ephemeral but ancient instruments paid testimony to bygone cultists. A fresh look on Human History welcome to tomorrow today d. W. Side shall. Mayan civilization was once one of the most dominant culture is in mesoamerica. The centuries Old Buildings still bear witness to their amazing accomplishments and they might. Mans most. The Logical Research in the region has focused on them. But recent findings have shown that other peoples lived alongside them earlier. We go on an expedition to north east and. This is the sleepy Little Village of guadalupe on the northeast coast of honduras i do without it it was a daily life here revolves around fishing but theres now a new attraction archaeologists from germany and switzerland i believe the area used to be inhabited by an ancient civilization but theres been very Little Research on the ground here to date. To us we had to start from scratch were there even any archaeological sites here and if so in what condition we had absolutely no information to. The team followed clues from old records which suggest that this area now covered in forest and bush land was once home to a network of towns and villages their inhabitants appeared to have conducted trade with the legendary maya the archaeologists are based in a house just outside guadalupe from where marcus kind of the seas operations. The location was not a random choice its been 4 years since the project began. At 1st because this is your the situation was pretty precarious which is why we look for a place where wed have safety and found the grounds of a school surrounded by a wall and conveniently for us archaeologists there was a settlement mound that looked extremely promising but. Thats where we decided to start a Pilot Project to gauge potential for excavations. The project also means jobs the 7 young local men while the School Principal is fascinated by the notion of. People having settled here over a 1000 years ago. I would never have thought that there was a window into our past right in front of our noses finding out whats behind that window is very exciting. We love to show everyone acquire the loop might have a whole new previous history. Where i live but now theres a fear that i study. History that have peoples could profit from in the near future. Around the corner and in the excavation h. Q. The archaeologists have busy analyzing the a ready of all she finds they found ready over 100000 francisca fish is writing her doctoral thesis on the project says i know enough and this is one of a number of as we found out you can still play them and they produce a lovely sound. They were found in a place where people deposited items of particular value to them. We also found cylinder seals. Much to they were used to paint patterns on fabrics or on top person. They were old like this its a sad fact that 5 off target. There are now these delicate little green stone and in analysis we have done revealed that they are indeed made of jade and the nearest source of shade is in guatemala so the people who lived here had very extensive trade routes to. The number of the artefacts indicate that the communities who want settled here had trading relations with other peoples like the mayans but at the same time they retained an independent identity. Dozen people here in northeastern honduras had a unique culture of their own just behind us so. The team plan to search the entire region for lost settlements and on the archaeological sites not an easy undertaking given the size and in accessibility of the chair range. Our work involves exploring areas on forte and talking to local people is also very helpful. For the goal a lot of farmers here have discovered things in their fields that provide clear evidence of old settlements of quests and thanks to the help of locals the researches keep on uncovering new sites. Theyre located along ancient pathways that centuries ago may have been important trade routes connecting inland areas with against. Us another Little Village by the sea turned up a very special sites discovered by a resident while he was digging a new latrine. Doesnt turn out to lisa help that really got our attention so we went down there to take a look when single for. The artifacts found here indicate the existence of not just any settlement but one that could be over 2000 years old. So what are beauty. Among the finds is the head of a small ceramic figure and exceptional discovery that source said the subject of speculation for the archaeologists. But there was probably a body attached here its going to might be a toy but it could be anything. From here we can start scanning straight away. The next step is to create a detailed record of the head piece for further Research Archaeologist Michael Lyons uses Cutting Edge Technology for the task in the shape of a laser scanner. Just minutes later the computer has created a perfect a virtual copy of the sculpture it would take several days to draw something comparable by hand. The Software Even enables the researches to reconstruct a complete bowl based on one single shot and in the long term that technology will help them to compile a more complete picture of this previously unknown civilization in honduras. Half the excavation in honduras has also been affected by the coronavirus pandemic. The archaeologists had to stop work cover over the deck sites. And pretend to europe practically overnight. They left behind the majority of the objects that they discovered in honduras. We spoke to mark and i asked him how the project is now fairing. Yeah youve documented objects like that little ceramic head in great detail using 3 d. Sky you know it does not help you to pass the time while youre away from the site. Its in the town yes indeed it does woods yet so its not just because of the corona virus that we dont have access to our finds schtick on. This Standard Practice to spend several weeks or months on the ground documenting objects and the sites where we dig. And then we take all the documentation back home and work on it for the rest of the year. Quest to see how it was made. What we did with these pieces of pottery scanned them in 3 d. So thats an added bonus that. Its like we have them right there in front of us just in virtual form. We can turn them any which way as if they were real 3 dimensional objects. In a flood can you tell us about the discoveries youve made tank and. This could just well weve learned quite a lot. Its very fascinating to see how this one little psych we conducted the dig was connected to the wider world of Central America or even middle america. We have a range of techniques to analyze what we found the pottery and other things and they let us piece together the history. Shes difficult we can also reconstruct the relations or networks these people maintained back then. Mentioned. On terms you know and so you have working in hunter s. With a Demonstration Team i suppose he you dug up treasure and took some of them with you to any lies that he has and i just you know its going to actually just listen to my say that it all sounds a bit colonialists. How do you respond to that exactly actually. Thats the case from the i would most definitely disagree archaeological excavations are quite different nowadays yes we dont just take everything we find with us just a very very small set of samples that we want to analyze using techniques not available in the country where we do the dig. Temple we export them for a limited period of time and then we send them all back. But we also find is that people there are really interested in the past suddenly theyre looking at thousands of years of previous history. That changes the way they feel about themselves. Plus theres the idea of seeing the objects going on display in a Little Museum there its a really big deal so times have truly changed since the colonial era. Side feel im canadian thanks for those exciting insights and for taking the time to talk to us. Sure. This is what an open rino like the ones found in one doing sounds like. Music appears to be a fundamental human need possibly dating back to the very dawn of our existence even if the forms that it takes differ from culture to culture. That one is music so important to us. And how does that influence of feelings. This number has gone down in film history its the music that ratchets up the tension and literally gets and asking. How come mess no one can measure the way music affects up to 50 different parameters in the body. And. Listening to music changes the brain waves heart rate and certain hormone levels. Going to is a psychologist who studies what music does to us and how it does it he says music is closely tied up with our emotions. Music probably originates in the melodies of speech people took something of the emotion embodied in speech and transferred it to music that theory suggests that we can manipulate peoples mood and mental states through music. Restaurants often play music in the background that influences what we choose to eat how fast we consume it and how much with protests. To play. An experiment in england showed that with Classical Music playing guests were willing to pay 10 percent more for their food even if they were not fond of that kind of music. You dont have to be a great fan of Classical Music to feel that its somehow meaningful and dignified. And as we listen to it we tend to ascribe those attributes to other things we see around us would be able to. Other studies found that people adapt the rate at which they chew their food to the music that listening to cost beats to go play. A slow tempo say for a. Little if the music feels slow dinahs Linger Longer and drink up to 40 percent more in fact at least when its booze. Still when it comes to our taste buds there are limits to the influence of music. As an. Ammonia its not as if the music playing in a restaurant prevents us from registering the quality of the food. Its power doesnt quite extend that far and for the. Music we like activates areas of the brain associated with pleasure if a gene succeeds in firing up the limbic system in pumps out dope to me commonly known as the feel good old man made not only makes you feel hot payton said it also makes you more relaxed and more active and in your arms is your phones. Not holds true with claims and never. Went to the dining. Hall shopping restauranteurs and retailers want you to feel great. Hang around and. If a Department Store wants to have music playing in the background it has to be music that appeals to everyone but the public is Diverse School kids buying sweets elderly people with lots of time on their hands if you want to manipulate people by means of music they all have to like it but thank goodness it doesnt always work out that way. A study from the us found that when a wine shop played french music it sells more french wines. And more german wines when it played jim in music. Things and also always so simple when it comes to the impact of music on the propensity to purchase things. They can work well for example in a jeans shop you hire a d. J. To play live and the audience are all about the same age and its clear what kind of music they listen to in their free time. So if you play that you can achieve quite a lot thats the strategic goal but in general one should not overestimate the effectiveness. Of. The best laid plans can come to even the greatest efforts to manipulate. To the desired outcome. Music is not entirely accessible to scientific study. Theres always a human being behind it who composes and engages with us on the basis of intuition and emotion. That has to be just right if its to hit the spot. Getting to one study music can trigger at least 13 different emotions. Are you getting goosebumps. Even from canada has a question about that. Why do some people get goosebumps when they listen to music. Music can affect us deeply. It can spark emotions and move us profoundly personal tastes aside. It can trigger memories and transport us back to a place where weve heard it before. Several areas of the brain are activated when we listen to music but studies show that some of us get goosebumps and some of us dont. You researchers have found that people with musical training and people who are open to new experiences more likely to feel chills right up their spine in response to music. This could be because they have cancer fibers connecting the order tree cortex of the brain to the areas that process emotions which means these areas communicate better if youre the type of person who experiences intense emotions youre more likely to get goosebumps from listening to music too. Of course some music makes your hair stand on end of for the wrong reasons. The researchers also found that luke human voice is what most often causes goosebumps. Was. The cello and the viola are also very moving and incidentally if a piece of music gives you goosebumps youre more likely to remember it. 2 well maybe its met some sneezing thats your emotions all helps keep your cognitive skills. Justin compose it was certainly a superstar in the world of Classical Music. He created more than 1000 pieces of music works that are often said to have almost magical power. Just listening to mozart really make you smarter. The socalled mozart effect. Was identified by researchers and 993. All they gave a group of College Students a 10 minute audio sample to listen to. With soundtracks ranging from silence. To a relaxation tape i can see who else to a mozart piano concerto. The students were then asked to take a spatial intelligence test. Those subjects who had been listening to mozart performed better than the other groups registering spatial i. Q. Scores 8 or 9 points higher not a huge leap but certainly a jump. That said the intelligence boost lasted all of 15 minutes at most and then it disappeared. But thats surprising if short lived effect triggered a media frenzy mozart makes you smart was in all the headlines. The impact was especially great in the United States babies born in georgia and tennessee were given a mozart cd while kindergarten kids in florida were treated to an hour of mozart music every day. The Scientific Community also seemed enthralled researchers reenacted the original experiment but struggled to confirm the mozart effect it was replicated in some tests but not in others. Meanwhile there was a suspicion that the music merely improve the mood of test subjects giving their brain sim brief stimulation another question soon a rose doesnt have to be mozart. As it turned out music by other artists had the same effect whether a sonata by schubert or a song by them 1990 s. British band blur. So the notion that only mozart makes you smarter and permanently so was just a myth but the big question remains how does music affect the brain. Our grey matter is in fact colored by practically everything we do that includes listening to music and even more so playing music what ever the music practicing and performing leave a mark. In trumpets the neural pathways linking the 2 halves of the brain tend to be fewer but thicker which is perhaps why theyre so good at certain swift and complex movements. Surely a well trained 5th brain is capable of more than a standard specimen well there are plenty of studies that claim playing music makes you smarter. Experiments showed that people with a musical background were better at certain things. They might have better language memory skills for example or were better able to remember things the. Children in particular performed better on the memory front and in intelligence tests if they had had at least a year of Music Lessons the problem is even if playing an instrument goes along with higher i. Q. Test scores it doesnt mean the one cause the other. Einstein played the violin and was an ace in physics wouldnt he have been a science whiz even if he had never learned an instrument. Playing music and being intelligent may well cooccur but whether one contributes causally to the other is highly questionable. More than a 100 studies over the past 20 years have claimed there is a causal connection without sufficient evidence to back up the claim. Like muscles the brain can be given a workout but training and one activity doesnt mean you perform better in others if the 2 skills are very different being good at the one is not likely to make you better if the other practicing the piano all day is likely to make you a better pianist. But will it make you better at solving differential equations. Hardly. Still practicing an instrument not only lets you play music it can also teach you that practice does make a significant difference that can boost your selfconfidence and willingness to really apply yourself. So to recapitulate does music make you smarter well theres no straightforward answer but quite apart from any possible link to intelligence music is a treasure and a joy in its own right. Whether in the form of mozart pop or hip hop. The but. Thats all for now thank you for joining us for morning pressing stories about science and technology visit our website will be back next week with the french edition of tomorrow today until then but i. Can. Listen to. These works of art made using stamps now brushes. Impeccably captured by frederico the apprentice. Artist with extraordinary technique. Who creates up. Perfect combination of teens and time youre rolling. 30 minutes on d w. Stories that the world over information may provide the paintings they want to express d. W. On facebook and twitter up to date and in touch follow us. Been told it is for me. Is for. Beethoven just for him. Its for her. And beethoven is for. Beethoven is for everyone. Beethoven 2020 vision the 50th anniversary here on d. Dodo. Give us your country people who will make you rich Little People will provide you with jobs play the oil will take good care of my kids at least they claim one server took hold on the west coast to come out in 2000 so just to make the sale. But years later reality looks very different. Later choose the good Drinking Water shortage. Play good. Use it before you get a live cave. To go in a stream of black coal. Oil thomas its starts december 4th w. Leg play. Play. Play play. Play. Live from berlin democratic candidate joe biden closes in on victory in the us president ial election. Hour by hour biden has been extending his lead in the crucial state of pennsylvania counting continues but how will donald trump react well be going live or correspondents in the u. S. For analysis and update you with the latest. Claims
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