Currency value more highly than here. The coin in latin america starts august 18th on d. W. The. We live in a well surrounded by the class of gases and want to make up the onsite must be a shielding us from the deadly vacuum of space. And these lands on teeming with life. Insects seats, poland, and bacteria. Floats in the atmosphere. Similar to the tank tom, the drink with ocean currants, the tiny organisms dancing in the wind, a cold arrow planks of several decades. Arrow biology just focused on these organisms, the, its a branch of biology thats long been under appreciate it. The error of biologists study the movements of life in the atmosphere, whether the tiny organisms in a cloud, the rain drop or in the cost of a desert, wind. Learning about these and bone organisms is becoming increasing the relevant things to concerns about bio Diversity Health and the climate. Understanding how they influence our lives and the global animal and plant wealth is increasingly important. Swelling all around us is a valuable and still launch. The mysterious ecology is to be a, for the discoveries just waiting to be discovered. The one that i place you on that to the one to, to receive up here. You have the feeling youre far away from everything thats presented to them, but thats exactly the point we want to find out if thats life at this altitude and what type of music all of you either can when you have a book in there circling the subject on the wind is blowing at about 20 Kilometers Per Hour on. So a particle travel is a remarkable tony Kilometers Per Hour to sounds like you to minutes. Lets click on see that one. Yeah, im a to at the institute of chemistry oakland mall fell in central. France wants to learn more about micro organisms in the atmosphere today. Hes on this time its up to predict them as an altitude of almost 1500 meters. Hes setting up time tom trunk, set the observatory traps on essentially vacuum cleaners. The capture dice. Select the tiny apple and travelers when p im a to looks into the skies. He knows that anything but empty the atmosphere around us is bustling with life. To skate on it unless 5th, we understood now almost everything in the atmosphere comes from or surface. Okay, so its a mirror image of the ground. Specify. Oh, so none of the most 5th, all very dynamic to do that. Its moving and mix things. So middle, the day of today wins. Sweep over all of a surfaces staring apple types of particles, lifeless and living there and feasible to the naked eye. But it constantly around us. These particles float up to 5000 meters high and reflect the different type of tents on the ground. The the aerosols, brians about forests. They can contain leaf dust, poland, moans, and bacteria. And today, so they found, while some of the men disappeared as some small insects and a miniscule traces of shapes more over a highway. A cloud might foam of time, particles, oil, and droplets and fine dunst, High Altitude wins, mix the arizona and transport them far away. The this into mixing happens continuously as it does a variety of life forms in the arrow penton sweat to long body and conference. The place del boucher and manuela paula shay well cooked, the National Research institute by agriculture of food and environment in the plan. In west and fronds collecting samples from this, from a long strunk, just positioned in the middle of the fields. Its essentially a joint insect vacuum cleaner. Theres a strong acid, so from the trap. The position in uh, doesnt that do it though . If it, by exact ammonia in a good 12 meters high, they dont get or 40 feet to be exact as well because thats an english model. It was metal. And it visited the dep to lay. We dont want to use it to catch insects that fly 2 meters above the ground them, but rather oregon. And so that, that were swept into the air, goes and travel greater distance to the point. They dont send it on that to do it is a long since that that reveals more about the arrow pointing of the whole region for the whole thing on this keyboard. Once youre doing it, also nicer. A wind the whole is very good to do the news. 0 even lifeline. Dizzy wrote this is the nice weather amount of will take it to the land, the insane. So the laundry is the organisms, an arrow painted, and they can stay in the for a few hours or several days and float up to 1500 meters, depending on their size and the wind speed, the trap socks and everything. The policies by agricultural Scientists Use the results to warn the farmers of clouds of a fade. So the past, the drop operates. Oh yeah, around the clock of the i dont like this is really a lot to get to because its a sunny day is going out. I mean im m as in a said ok, another one is hiding last goose one another a beat leaf, a 5th. The beatles and flies fonts. Even spite is a tremendous variety of species. Play a role in the invisible ariel by swelling above us. The gum dung medium. Uh, what about just a account . My cell is an allergy and small presentations in the see the cubic meter of air above our heads. It contains so many different organisms of that, that includes the board on an all in bacteria preventive, but also small insect spider is like daily basis either shes on site design, you know, its, its on the organisms, right . The winds like flying compet, the and gives them a chance to be nourished, to reproduce, and to, to find the weve known about the existence of arrow painted him for nearly 200 years. Which is naturalist Charles Darwin noted in his journal during his expedition to the galapagos in 18. 35 the spiders were entangled in the ships rigging many miles from shaw. And in the 2nd half of the 19th century, french scientist louis past due proved through a series of experiments. The particles were continuously suspended in the yeah, he called them organized coal puzzles as to is remembered as one of the fathers of modern micro biology. Tobacco allows it strikes meningitis around that time. Scientists discover diseases could be caused by such and bacteria. A new branch of science was born and wrote biology. Scientists began comparing measurements in the same amount of that 55000. 00 bacteria were found in the bustling pollute as a by lee and parents. But only 7600. 00 were found among the trees in a box. In the swiss alps the hotel even advertised with assign the claimed only 25. 00 bacteria. The then it was the work of legendary pilot charles lindbergh. In the 19 searches, he attached and a decent defiance to his plane and then flew over the icy landscapes of northern canada, collecting a variety of bundles, phones, poland, and micro l. G. The samples supported the pieces that living things can survive Long Distance and travel at High Altitudes. But in the years that followed arrow biology descended into on security to the organism, suspended in the somewhat so gotten the ingredients in satellite imagery, we can build interest in the late 20th century. Scientists discovered unbelievable amounts of suspended micro organisms or she was so good. The personnel, so i love the way down to when you blow the dust off a piece of furniture, you see that its carried away with the air flow executive. Its the same in the atmosphere. Now, the mass of these particles is so small, the ones that are born, they stay there and follow the air. So how is the feasible . Oh, cool down. A fond smile to lack researches, the inter continental transport of desert task. He says roughly 2000000000 tons of sewing or dust rise from the laundries deserts every year and circulate in the atmosphere. These gigantic dusk gown swift, uh, seen via satellite images in the 19 ages. Aero biologist spend realized the true extent of circulating aero pine tone. No, but certainly i met you on, you know, i dont know what it contains, not only mineral matter, but in some cases also living organic material to give you micro organisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, meals as soon as the dust is kicked out, it carries this array of living micro organisms to completely new place this, which will be the, its easy for a bacterium, fungal, small all virus to attach to a tiny speck of dust and take flight. The pretended winds does upgrades of sand blasting of tiny granules of clay on impact tons of dust and micro organisms. A sucked into room and columns, reaching a height of 3 to 4 kilometers the move up to west street. Or we can track this dust over Long Distances. Also the supers you satellite images can help visualize the formation of such a cloud over this. The hard data that within several hours the cloud grows and starts moving to the area. Well say, dont we dont a fast forward, theres what youre telling me what goes set to close mazda pursue days later, you can see these huge dust mass is reaching the Atlantic Ocean. He of us, with a few days later, theyre already over western france. It dont because theyre likely to send over the british ios or even scandinavia, a precaution was showing us coordinated ex, weather conditions high and low pressure areas. Boom and cold and current. Either cold, the task booms in or blow them away. They foam at highways. Thats cool. The, the kilometers take tasks aloud can cross the atlantic within a week, the, the atmosphere is a true transpose of line. The book to them at yale and up the matter contains chemical elements. And in some instances, nutrients, the touch police desert does transports help balance eco systems on the earth surface. This increases the sofas or the tail the tiny organisms and arrow pine tone travel incredibly Long Distance. They said High Altitudes, but how do they travel . And how do they affect the ground . The countless micro organisms eventually touch down somewhere on of the body. Those immediate cas, im valuable, is in catalonia and researching what is known as micro bill deposition and its connections to climate change. Hes working on a major study of micro organisms in the atmosphere. I dont know what else to say with a key science, but his research is in this spanish berenice the to see the just see the i guess some of them out of the 2 dimensions of the metal. Were at an altitude of over 2000 meters, where theres little interference from local air pollution. Im using pizza. We want to capture micro organisms that spread in the atmosphere and travel from continent to cutting it gas in the office instead of going through them done a lot more so that youll be going to do this. And we gather green water in a collector for one week. The sample includes micro organisms in small particle and sequence. We collect these in a filter and bring it to the land and the one of them which, which, which, which, which the most part people us get the most i can hear. You can see the particle. So like, you know, whats the best part of the water is clear again, because all the particles got stuck in our filter and was talking to in the, in the particle as long as i, because there are organic particles like bacteria. It fund guy holland. But also in organic ones like clay silicates and minerals that come from far away is almost because hes been in for another. And with us, what are some of those take us about a year and could be just from africa, for example, the phone which was transported them yet most viewed system was washed out by the rain and the light. Thats what were capturing here. The water is probably running, there are thousands of millions of micro organisms in this filter immediately means that the media doesnt provide these these continuous deliveries of micro organisms are a natural process that if a cod threw out us history, once the particles lined again, the tiny travelers have a Significant Impact on ecosystems, some bacteria and help boost pond to growth by attaching to them and pulling nitrogen from the others, penetrate the soil, and recycled dead organic matter. Viruses and microscopic modes regulate animal and plant life. So let me throw and these will stick one ok and when these micro organisms land in they can colonize new habitat. We want to use theres an excellent dispersal system for bacteria that im the, allowing them to colonize the entire planet. Theyre small, reactive biological entities that land in a distant planet is whatever and create new life. Even even though theres already a, somebody thatll be the media cast them i yours team started micro organisms in rain want to the is and with the help of weather data, trace the arrow pine tons, pathways the scientists were able to show which region ocean all continent the streams of arrow pointing to them came from and they discovered some remarkable patents of the in the summer arrow plant on tends to be local. It rises from the farmlands of spain and northern europe. Above the city is rivers and lakes. But in the winter, the major streams of arrow pine till him come primarily from the Atlantic Ocean bacteria and viruses cross the ocean within 3 days and to send over the mountains, already had left the middle resort that it was going to be you. I might, you better when we analyze the initial results of storm xavier and june, we noticed trends that recur annually. This was an amazing discovery. How is it possible that the st micro organisms will appear at the same time every year . I see those up, but its going to be moving. We know they travel over the sea or emerge from the nature. Here are some plants growing the spring of this growing the summer months, and these cycles are mirrored in the atmosphere. So used to speak last time, you know, quarter and, and im with of the streams of arrow, pine cones, a not some random mix of species drifting with no rhyme or reason. The microbial mazda is the rise and settle at the own cycles and seasons. Just like bands, flowers and bumble bee the but given that it is the transporter of life, the atmosphere kind of also poses a threat among the multitude of microbes circling the skies a some to um say that humans can microscopic ero, painted and make us sick. The on the flip flop. Yes, smooth bobby. The 234. Used to talk about my as a medic. Explanations when it came to airborne diseases. Also the prevention wasnt possible back then. The method of transmission wasnt really yet known, because that meant that all human afflictions, but generally attributed to the environment, you know, some of the, the failed to submit this real nice old notion of a noxious atmosphere that makes people sick, has some truth to it. We now know that all microbes and viruses floating indiana which can infect humans, animals, and plants, but flu and foot and mouth disease can spread from bomb to bomb. With the help of the wind over several kilometers, a dead condition is can release legionella which causes potentially faithful pneumonia. The many fun goals phones that enter the atmosphere before settling in the soil. A microscopic taking time, bombs, the shopping. You visited the visual, put those in there are some pretty dangerous pathogenic fun guy. The credits to the hospitals are mindful of this because when soil and sand and move during construction workers and their adverse wins, this is asked for deal a sports and other harmful molds can enter clinics and cause epidemic loading and unloading for you. What is it to them . You dont need to be sees of the genus as for dealers are found everywhere. Youre including in the atmosphere acute or if they appear in large amount. Theyre dangerous to him. You know, compromise. I think bruce, with a degree of what we scale, so to manage the science as shown, pathogens can spread of a medium distances droplet infection of a very short distance is of up to one meter, such as the influenza virus, or the virus that causes cobit 19 is also being proven the font that isnt solid evidence to show that transmission happens over a Long Distances of several 100 kilometers. The reason for them to those very easy to few pathogens dangerous to humans can travel very Long Distance is so question deals at the corona virus was studied in the laboratory for its vulnerability and it turned out its very sensitive to alex to yeah, of course. Does uv radiation and dryness quickly kill and render a virus harmless when its suspended in the air . Thats i have no way to treat. If i didnt think of the atmosphere is even more dangerous. But viruses than insects. Only one in a 1000000 microbes survives. Its trying to see by google and hold on to the activity, but theres a large numbers of bacteria and seemingly really some pathogens are not get a cause for concern because theyre mostly dead. The only most were talking about traces of genetic material. So spiral bacterial occurs civic, but not live viruses. This is the views of people. The men say look, yeah, its very rare for individual viruses or bacteria to make you sick. A lot. It takes a substantial viral load to become infected because luckily i bodies have Strong Defense and most likely to always low level who follows the logins immune systems. Vigilant. Now for the last most Infectious Diseases today, transmitted by a different kind of and pump the way through our planes. Passengers on board spread micro organisms all over the planet. In spring time, poland takes its ton on this giant and carousel pollen grains produce themselves. They often travel far and wide, and reproduce with a female gummy of other trees. This is beneficial to many living beings. The little med johnny, the poland grains can break, releasing irritants that make poland. Ology is a widespread problem of the, at the university of little in france, you called the visa and now they issue out on studying poland. Theyve captured from the yeah. Theyre examining whether poland grains breakout more easily when they encounter pollutants in the sky. For let me adjust this the live. What else did they put in the x to is is this pollen has truly exploded. Ill say um this one to credited this is the sample from the books pulled and sees it. They could help quote us and for the reason for the pulling this product from this rate, or what is it and stuff. Its so mock line that its deflated the, the protective membrane is really shredded. If they how long they should get this well done for the End Next Week to see if its near, we see the broken pollen which lost its original reproductive function. You can also see the release of the small particles to which are dangerous for people with as minus. Thats it for by clock cuz its immeasurable because im truly confident. And of course not all pollen greens in the atmosphere are shown here has to mole our job is to count them difficulty. Whats the percentage of damaged, grand design . Exploring . Are they harmful to how its curious because they seem to get through for us on face the research is one to better understand what happens between a poland grain