The orange juice is a several 1000000000. 00 industry. Brazil is the Worlds Largest citrus producer. Here on almost 600000 hectors of land oranges are grown. Some of them becoming germanys fav reduce thousands make their living picking oranges. But there is much to criticize about their working conditions. Most of them are under extreme pressure. An accident happens because theyre concentrating on the harvest and gift carlos called the police car. While youre on top of a ladder, we have to have you back on your shoulder. Excuse me, should treat us like human beings. Hes not like live stuff. Sure. And we depend on them, but they also depend on us. You see who else is going to pick the oranges . Is there any truth to these accusations . We embark on a journey to brazil to investigate . How is the orange juice produced there . The the 4 30 am the many orange pickers in the state of south palo are already on their feet. Among them is a phone, so like any other day, he has 8 hours of work ahead of him. As like a fellow think a single lead, this kind of stir lots, 5 liters of water. No, thats not enough for a days work. The sun is too strong. I need 2 of these kind of stairs to get through the day. Are you drinking 10 liters . A day, yes, exactly. The sun is very homes and temperatures on the plantations can reach up to 35 degrees celsius directly under the sun. It feels even hotter for 6 years, alfonso has been picking oranges for the juice industry from monday to saturday. And a good month t urns about 250. 00 ers. That is more than the brazilian minimum wage yet he barely manages to make ends meet for himself, his wife and their daughter. Last one, just as you know, i honestly, i like the word so many dont think of, i dont, but everyone here need somebody. They have to work by many also have families going to you. You can get by with what you are and where there is nothing. But ill say that it is tiring. Alamo, even though its hard, i want my doctor to have what i didnt have, no matter how hard it is easy to hold up. I am interested in doing that on a phone. So his wife also used to work as an orange picker. Now he is the sole bread winner because i phone so wed like to spare her the work in the fields. Look good. Awesome. So for a manual looking at a saw for it, the main on this is phase now. So wish for it. I dont want her to suffer like i advise you, work in the sun. Rains. Hold extreme. He is physically exhausting. A fag weighs 27 q lose. Thats too much crossing. I mean, i dont mean for women in general. The other, for my wife from you, i dont want her to have to endure what i go through in the field. You go, boss, my awesome. Ok to come up on what exactly do off on so and his colleagues experience in the field that we want to accompany them. But filming the pictures that work is not so easy as we are about to find out the veto shot to the village where our phone so lives is rather remote, just around 5000 people normally live here. But between may and december, that number can grow to 6000. This is because the region around will be that shot out, which is in the state of south palo is home to most of brazils Orange Plantations. Many are Seasonal Workers who come to the village from northeastern brazil, some 2000 kilometers a way where people have fewer opportunities to earn money and sell palo. They work for a few months each year before returning home after the harvest is finished, the to reach the plantations. A phone so has to travel by bus for 45 minutes. The ride is organized by the company, but the workers arent compensated for this time. The we would like to accompany a phone so, but his employer wont give us permission. We ask on other plantations to, but do not get permission to shoot. Most claim. Its due to cobit 19 security measures, but our team has attracted attention in the area. It seems we are being watched the 2nd the have to buy something we were hoping to visit a phone, so in his family again in the afternoon. But thats not possible anymore. The plantation owner has informed the phone so that he has violated his contract to the apartment. He rents is provided by his employer and according to the contract, hes not allowed to live outside or is in including us. Even though our visit was arranged with that phone, so a supervisor the day before a phone so is banned from working for 11 days, losing almost half of his monthly salary at our fonts, those requests, we do not contact his employer. But we ask the association of brazils majors, citrus producers, citrus b, r. To clarify the situation it is not possible to obtain Accurate Information about the alleged incident. However, it is likely that depending on the companys code of conduct, the employee has signed a contract for bidding them to disclose internal Company Information which may be considered serious misconduct. The since we are still being watched, we call off the shoot without phone. So we dont want him to get into any more trouble the fact that our visit had such drastic consequences for our phone so raises more questions for us. How exactly does the orange industry work in brazil . Around 75 percent of the worlds, the orange juice exports come from the country to make it workers pick between 65 and 110000000000 oranges a year by hand. The industry is dominated by 3 Multi National companies. Louis dreyfus, citrus circle, and coach raleigh. They are responsible for a large part of the juice exports, about half of the oranges for global juice production come from their own plantations. And the other half comes from independent farmers who supply the industry the days after we last saw a phone. So we finally get permission to shoot at an orange field in south palo. The visit is organized by the jews companys association on the plantation of one of their suppliers, the unlike in supermarkets back home. The oranges here are green and yellow. This has nothing to do with brightness, but rather with temperature. The green chloral fill in the appeal only breaks down below 12 degrees celsius. And this is what makes them orange. In this field, 30 workers pick oranges for consumption in brazil and the global Juice Industries the using the latter. The workers picked the fruit from the trees, which are up to 5 meters tall. Filled sacks weighs about 2070 load. The document was beginning, i did everything wrong for me and now i knew it doesnt work. The tree from top to bottom and one go. When i started, i picked all the trees individually just at the bottom for frontier, then i picked them all again individually. Just at the top. I think the box is ups like dining room or in the wrong place and. And it was very complicated for the vehicle we noticed a tremendous speed at which the workers pick with their bare hands. Each of them harvest is about 1. 6 tons of oranges a day. So on average, each one fails just under age 2070 low bags per hour. Those who cant keep up this fast paced risk losing their job. At least according to the union, we made a policy though baseball. He works for the agricultural union, federal has, which also conducts independent studies documenting the working conditions on the plantations. I dad that got a deep vinyl dorski corner on the day me. Neither one of those companies only keep the workers who pick a certain amount as a sample to be able to do the job next year to they have to harvest an average of 60 back. In addition to the boss known as the got to include constantly exerts pressure. The this is because of his salary also depends on how much the workers harvest kept him up with the mice. The 1000000000. 00 Jews Companies pay the legal minimum wage of 1200. 00 re eyes, the equivalent of around 200. 00 euros a month, regardless of the amount harvested this wages barely enough to survive in brazil. Thats why, according to the union, many workers try to collect even more, so they can top up their pay with bonuses that we need to be up hub on that. The director of the citrus b r, the association of the 3 jews giants. He is the voice of the brazilian orange juice industry. He explains that the productivity principle is there to reward those who work hardest. This increases an average salary to about 280 rows. Although natural states that he does not know the specific quantities, workers are expected to harvest. He struggles to understand the criticism of the productivity principal is doing you. Every job you have to reach a searching in order to continue working on people. That doesnt seem strange to me, but if you have a certain goal and it has to be achieved with it, i dont see why it should be any different. Whats in orange . Canada just sit each page here on the plantation where the association has given us permission to film conditions appear. Ideal ep hop on metal assures us, but what we see here is common practice across the citrus industry. Workers are wearing personal protective equipment, goggles and gloves against the sharp, thorns of the trees and leg protection against poisonous snake bites. These are required by labor law on all orange farms. The Industry Association assures us this is also written in the contracts with their suppliers and orange pickers. But the union tells us a different story. With the unions help, we find a small plantation and sell and how low, where we shoot unnoticed and without permission. Here things look very different. Some of the workers dont have snake protection or gloves. We cannot say with certainty whether these oranges are also intended for jews. But what we see here is no exception. Say the trade unionists also and the jews industry. The best buy had to agree as the 70 year old has dedicated his life to fighting for the rights of brazilian orange pickers. He was the head of the fed. I asked for union until 2017 though hes now retired. Above the handle is still maintains close contact with the workers, and it will be that yada, which is how he learns firsthand about the conditions on the plantations. Because let me see what else i need to advise you to buy the books today. The workers rarely have any protective equipment, especially at the smaller suppliers and where conditions are worth these. They do not follow health and safety regulations. Going to buy companies have been allowed to outsource work since 2017. This means that they can hand over work and responsibility for it to 3rd parties, including individuals. As the ministry of labor explains, its especially the sub contractors who often lack the Financial Resources for protective gear or compliance with labor laws. The as outsourcing has grown since 2017, the problems for orange pickers have grown to the has been use a sub closing on the most s. I think that is laws and ultimately i always find violations when 3rd Party Companies are involved. Me stop by the door to support the door man, are the working conditions of a smaller producers are often not the same as those of the Big Companies that purchase the fruit. Prosecutors jose my to it on now has been monitoring labor law violations for 25 years, including on Orange Plantations. On site inspections are part of his job time, and again, he encounters unregistered pickers working off the books. He describes to us the violations he encounters when inspecting workers load id, who are their Living Conditions are precarious in each, but they have no personal protective equipment being did you do all . This is what pictures of former inspection show in the last 7 years. The ministry of labor in south hollow has recorded over 1300 violations, mainly among the industry, smaller suppliers. As the prosecutor tells us, in the notes they wont call or they plowed the process. So i have faith. So theres often no place for workers to have a proper meal or even toilet suffering. We also see the mishandling of aggregate chemicals. The cool money is with level books off to the amount and his colleagues usually carry out inspections on the basis of specific complaints. For a few years now, the number of inspections has been decreasing. What is the reason for this . The inspections are not a priority for politicians. The prosecutor explains. Since the country has been in a severe economic crisis, funds have been caught and theres a lack of personnel and on site inspections need just that time money and personnel also because they can only take place with police protection. No file examples of federal site. I think the eyes of singled us for kids last, most of them was a good all didnt even was it that we dont conduct the inspections without security personnel. Is that because we never know the level of hostility will encounter on this, is we often encounter supervisors who are prone to violence. I do anyway, numerous workers reporting to that. And with those weve, its often drummed into them. The government inspection is there to take away their job services instead of improving their conditions. So thats why we only go with security goal singled us. We asked pub on it though. What does he know about the conditions on the plantations, especially with independent suppliers . So see quaint that mucous, so lets keep it out by loan on software. And so this was on the date of this nonsense of data. This loss is 4 minus the 1000 people work in the field every year that we cannot guarantee use it in our fields, is she doing the fields of the industry is not working conditions, lloyd and our state of the art to do boot and our suppliers are in colorado motivated by trained to do their nicest beef as if someone doesnt sleep by the rules she fail game that has to be address. We could use a hag, a may i. E. So think so the violations are the reception. Im going to note in the rule that is gonna sell la is this so no way i had whether thats true or not, we can say, however, prosecutor is jose, my boot on our reports, that conditions did not improve during the pandemic. And he describes further problems. Ultima is best, so not a mazda pick them is a lot to me or the person that i need to. During the last inspection of an Orange Plantation park, we discovered a group of about 32nd workers. It was the cold seasons look the some of them were living and apartments without betting, without adequate mattresses sink without protection from the cold. Here for a subject cloud st. Thats so a goto for you. We also witnessed similar Housing Conditions, but can show them only in part to protect the workers. This is accommodation that companies rent to migrant workers. These images show footage from 2020 by swiss n g o. Public guy workers living in cramped quarters and broken mattresses. Hardly any furniture. Partly without protection from the often chilly evening temperatures between june and august and south palo, the, the unions to report poor Housing Conditions. The thing, what more does your room there are no decent beds, no bathroom, no decent place to rest before going to work the next day. The conditions in many houses are terrible. And the next morning they have to get up without having properly recovered to go back to picking oranges in the field. Citrus producers, citrus to go with raleigh and Louis Dreyfus right to inform us that their Housing Conditions meet the required standards. No official figures or information on housing is available for the independent suppliers, the trade unionist policy, though baseball is in contact with many workers in the region. He says that despite for housing or working conditions, many are too afraid to complain or file a lawsuit. I think theyre the skinny, i wont be caught you, the keels side, the cancer conversely. So the Companies Keep a record of the workers who complain and they can forget about being hired against us on this, on this practice should be banned to put associated people shouldnt risk being punished or demanding their rights as broken or something. It much fed us prisoners, people, social 2 companies, blacklisting workers. Can it be true . The our team meets a local lawyer who wants to remain anonymous on all costs for fear of the companies. He knows several workers who are not satisfied, but the fear of possible consequences from filing a complaint is great. He forwards us a voice message from one of his clients setup a follow up with the addition. Please give or get about my complaint about. We need this work on my family and i cant afford to lose this job. Please, excuse me. The 2nd god. What can we do to get go 5, the boy, the Industry Association, citrus be our rights to us. The companies are regularly audited by both the ministry of labor and the unions. This shows that ways to launch complaints exist and are effective. It is important to highlight that brazilian legislation guarantees that any worker can claim their rights in a court of law. The during our research, we learned that its especially workers on the suppliers, plantations. The smaller and independent companies who are not always well protected. We are on our way to meet former farmer here need b as all the we dont know what working conditions were like for him in the field called but he tells us that he too was under enormous pressure as a supplier. No, no, i mean if you dont need yes, watching my in a lot of this, hes writing e b. As of peter who didnt did he, i worked as an orange farmer for 30 years. All of a sudden i have to give it to the bottom, leave everything behind there. So im left with sadness. See what was my memory is so dodgy. Elaine but his on his 60 hectors of land, he farmed oranges, which he sold to controlling and citrus to go to major of citrus exporters. He did not have fixed contracts for the regular purchase of his orange as he says. The big industry players only bought oranges when the harvest from their own fields was not enough. The Purchase Price often fluctuate. At times he says he had to sell his oranges at absurdly low prices. Indian, he could no longer cover the costs of production and harvesting, and it was costing him too much to maintain his plantation. Well say that about 3 times a month or 2 years, i worked with the lower and dedication regarding until i was so indebted. There will be to god that i have to give up everything you can, which is very sad with the cities the as auntie is 75 and it will take him at least 4 more years. He calculates to pay off his debts. He recently joined a Class Action Lawsuit in london against the jews giant controller, represented by the law firm p g m b m. More than 1500 former farmers are suing for financial compensation. The allegation is that good trial a was part of a car towel that collu