A class of gases and want to make up the onsite must be a shielding us from the deadly vacuum of space, and these lands on teeming with life insects, seats upon, and bacteria floats in the atmosphere. Similar to the tanks on the drink with ocean currants, the tiny organisms dancing in the wind, a cold arrow planks of several decades. Arrow biology just focused on these organisms, the, its a branch of biology thats long been under appreciated. Right. Biology is starting to move months of life in the atmosphere, whether the time the organisms in a cloud, the rain drop or in the cost of a desert, wind. Learning about these and born organisms is becoming increasing the relevant things to concerns about bio diversity. Health and the climate understanding how they influence our lives and the global animal implant wealth is increasingly important. Swelling all around us is a valuable and still launch can mysterious ecology is to be a full of discoveries just waiting to be discovered. The one that i placed on the, to the one to, to receive up here. If you have the feeling youre far away from everything thats presented to them. But thats exactly the point we want to find out at best life at this altitude and what type of music all of you either can when you have a book in there circling the subject on the wind is blowing at about 20 Kilometers Per Hour on. So a particle travel is a remarkable tony Kilometers Per Hour. Sounds like you to minutes. Lets click on see the on. Yeah, im a to at the institute of chemistry, oakland mall fell in central. France wants to learn more about micro organisms in the atmosphere. Today hes almost 10 minutes of to predict them as an altitude of almost 1500 meters. Hes setting up time tom trunk, set the observatory traps on essentially vacuum cleaners. The capture dice. Select the tiny apple and travelers. When p im a to looks into the skies. He knows that anything bought empty. The atmosphere around us is bustling with life. To skate on it unless 5th is under. So now almost everything in the atmosphere comes from the earth surface. Okay. And so its a mirror image of the ground festival. So none of those 5th, all very dynamic. They do that. Its moving and mix things. So mean all day of today, winds sweep over all of a surfaces staring apple types of particles, lifeless, and living there and feasible to the naked eye, but constantly around us. These particles float up to 5000 meters high and reflect the different type of tents on the ground of the aerosols. Brians about forests, they can contain leaf dust, poland, moans, and bacteria, the souvenirs, some phone. Imagine junky, very excited when its windy mixed together to form a clinical footprints of this forest, the which spreads across the whole land device and the bone while some of the major cities. As the over a meadow, there might be grass clippings, small insects, and minuscule traces of sheets for over a highway. A cloud might form of tie of particles, oil in the droplets and fine dust. High altitude winds mix the air, results, and transport them far away. The this into mixing happens continuously as it does a variety of life forms in the arrow painting of sweat to long body and conference. The place data boucher and manuela paula shay work at the National Research institute for agriculture, food and environment in midland. In west and fronds, theyre collecting samples from based on the line structure positions in the middle of the fields. Its essentially a joint insect vacuum cleaner. Theres a strong as though from the trap. The position in uh does not do it though, if it by exact ammonia in a good 12 meters high, then on or 40 feet to be exact because its an english model. It was metal. In addition to a depth to maybe dont want to use it to catch insects that fly 2 meters about the ground them. But rather oregon is so that, that works. Went into the air schools, those and travel greater didnt quite, they dont send it on there to do the picture so long since that that reveals more about the arrow pointing of the whole region for your website on those keyboard. Lets here to know some of the items on wednesday who is very good. Do the theyre all even lifeline because he wrote this is the nice weather amount of will take it to the land, the insane. So the launch is dont in isms an arrow painted and they can stay in the for a few hours or several days and float up to 1500 meters depending on their size and the wind speed, the trap socks and everything. But policies by agricultural Scientists Use the results to warn the farmers of clouds of a fade. So the past, the trap operates. Oh yeah, around the cock. This is really a lot to its because its a sunny day use. Pull it up. I mean, im m as in a say, ok, another one is hiding last guess. You know, and another a beat leaf. If it beatles and flies bugs, even spite is a tremendous variety of species play a role in the visible aerial by swelling above us. The comes on medium uh what about just as the account myself as an allergy and small press patients in the see that the cubic meter of air above our heads contains so many different organisms of that, that included support on your call and bacteria preventive, but also small insect spiders, i tell you it was easy to use on saying design. You took down the organisms right. The wins like flying, compet the and keeps them a chance to be nourished, to reproduce. And to so find the weve known about the existence of arrow painted him to nearly 200 years, which is naturalized Charles Darwin noted in his journal during his expedition to the collapse of ghosts. In 1835 the spiders were entangled in the ships rigging. Many miles from shaw and in the 2nd tom for the 19th century, french scientist louis past due proved through a series of experiments. The particles were continuously suspended in the yeah, he called them organized coal tassels. As to is remembered, is one of the fathers of modern micro biology, tuberculosis, and strikes meningitis around that time. Scientists discover diseases could be caused by such and bacteria. A new branch of science was born and wrote biology. Scientists began comparing measurements in the same amount of that 55000. 00 bacteria were found in the bustling, dilute as a by lee and parents. But any 7600. 00 were found among the trees in a box. In the swiss alps, the hotel even advertised with assigned the claimed only 25. 00 bacteria. The, then there was the work of legendary pilot Charles Lindbergh in the 19 searches he attached and it the save divines to his plane and then flew over the icy landscapes of northern canada, collecting a variety of fungal, expose, poland, and micro algae. The samples supported the pieces that living things can survive Long Distance and travel at high altitudes. But in the years that followed arrow biology descended into obscurity. The organism suspended in yeah, was somewhat so gotten the bidding p things in satellite imagery. We kindled interest in the late 20th century. A scientist discovered unbelievable amounts of suspended micro organisms. She was feel free to push the also i love the way down to when you blow the dust off a piece of furniture. You see that its carried away with the air flow executive. Its the same in the atmosphere how the mass of these particles is so small, the ones that are born, they stay there and follow the s. O is the last few of the cooling down foss, while to lack researchers the inter continental transport of desert task. He says, roughly 2000000000 tons of sewing on dost rise from the laundries deserts every year, and circulate in the atmosphere. These gigantic tasks around swift scene via satellite images in the 19 ages. Aero biologist spin realized the true extent of circulating aero pine tone. No, but certainly i met you on, you know, i dont know just contains not only mineral matter, but in some cases also living organic material to give you micro organisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, meals as soon as the test is keeps out, it carries this array of living micro organisms to complete the new place this with, with the its easy for a bacterium, fungal spa, all virus to attach to a tiny speck of dust and take flight. The dead winds does up grains of sand blasting off tiny granules of clay on impact tons of johnston, micro organisms, a sucked into boom and columns, reaching a height of 3 to 4 kilometers. Will go up to west street or we can track this task over Long Distances. Also the supers you satellite images can help visualize the formation of such a cloud over the so hard as that within several hours the cloud grows and starts moving to the area. I will say, dont, dont, ill fast forward, theres will pre tunnel what goes set to goals mazda pursue days later. You can see these huge dustin masses reaching the Atlantic Ocean here. This, with a few days later, theyre already over western france. It will cause theyll likely to send over the british ios or even scandinavia a propulsion was showing us coordinated ex, weather conditions high and low pressure areas. Boom and cold and current. Either pull the task booms in or blow them away. They foam highways that circle the, the kilometer. If the task cloud can cross the atlantic within a week, the, the atmosphere is a true transpose, a of like the book to do that. Yeah. And thats the matter contains chemical elements. And in some instances, nutrients, the task of these desert does transports help balance eco systems on the earth surface. This increases the officer at the time, the organisms in arrow, pine tone travel incredibly Long Distance is that high altitudes. But how do they travel . And how do they affect the ground . The countless micro organisms eventually touch down somewhere on us of the body. The immediate cas, im valuable, is in catalonia and researching what is known as micro bill deposition and its connections to climate change. Hes working on a major study of micro organisms in the atmosphere. Almost with a key signed by his research is in the spanish baronies by the to see the just so you know, we to get some of them out of the 2 dimensions of the metal. Were at an altitude of over 2000 meters, where theres little interference from local air pollution. Im using better. So we want to capture micro organisms that spread in the atmosphere and travel from continent to cutting it gas in the office instead of going through them done a lot more so than i, youre going to do this. We gather green water in a collector for one week. The sample includes micro organisms in small particle and sequence. We collect these in a filter and bring it to the land. And i dont know one of them which, which, which, which the most part people just get the most i can hear. You can see the particle. So like, you know, whats the best part of the water is clear again, because all the particles got stuck in our filter and most of you to a of the, any particular sort of that because there are organic particles like bacteria. If one guy pollen was on me, but also in organic ones like clay silicates can minerals that come from far away is almost because hes been in for a lot of them with us. What are some of those think us well here and could be just from africa, for example, the thought which was transported them yet my sphere, which has been, was washed out by the rain and the light. Thats what were capturing here. The water is probably running. There are thousands of millions of micro organisms in this go through the list. It means that the media doesnt provide these these continuous deliver is of micro organisms are a natural process that if a cod threw out us history, once the particles lined again, the tiny travelers have a Significant Impact on ecosystems. Some bacteria and help boost pond to growth by attaching to them and pulling nitrogen from the others, penetrate the soil and recycled data organic manta viruses and microscopic moans, regulate animal and plant life. So let me throw and these will stick one. Okay. And when these micro organisms land in, they can colonize new habitat and we, when she spends an excellent dispersal system for bacteria that im allowing them to colonize the entire planet. Theyre small, reactive biological entities that land in a distant planet is whatever and create new life in some of this already of somebody thatll be the media. Cast them i yours teams started micro organisms in rain. Walter, the is and with the help of weather data trace the arrow pine tons, pathways the scientists were able to show which region ocean or continent the streams of arrow pine come came from. And they discovered some remarkable patterns of the in the summer arrow plant on tends to be local. It rises from the farmlands of spain and Northern Europe above cities, rivers and lakes. But in the winter, the major streams of arrow pine till him come primarily from the Atlantic Ocean bacteria and viruses cross the ocean within 3 days. And to send over the mountains, already had left the middle resort that it was going to be un, what you better when we analyze the initial results of storm xavier and june, we noticed in trends that recur annually, this was an amazing discovery. How is it possible that the same micro organisms appear at the same time every year . I see those up, but its gonna be moving. We know they travel over the sea or emerge from the nature. Here are some plants growing. The spring of this growing the summer months and the cycles are mirrored in the atmosphere, so used to speak last time, you know, quote in and im with the streams of arrow painted on a, not some random mix of species drifting with no rhyme or reason. The microbial mass is the rise and settle at the own cycles and seasons, just like bands, flowers and bumble bee the. But given that it is the transpose of life, the atmosphere kind of also poses a threat. Among the multitude of microbes circling the skies a some to um say that humans can microscopic ero pint on. Make us sick. The, on the planet food will fly. Need. Yes. Move of you take people used to talk about my as a medic. X relations when it came to airborne diseases or prevention was impossible. Back then, the method of transmission wasnt really unknown because that meant that all human afflictions, but generally attributed to the environment. You know, some of the, the failed to submit this real nice old notion of a noxious atmosphere that makes people sick, has some truth to it. We now know that all microbes and viruses floating in the at which can infect humans, animals, and plants, but flu and foot and mouth disease can spread from bomb to bomb. With the help of the wind over several kilometers, a dead condition is can release legionella which causes potentially fatal pneumonia. The many fungal spawns that enter the atmosphere before settling in the soil. A microscopic taking time bombs, the resulting. You visited the visual, put those in a symbol. There are some pretty dangerous pathogenic fun guy is quite, is open to the hospitals. Are mindful of this because when soil and send a move during construction workers and their adverse wins. This is ask for a deal of sports and other harmful molds can enter clinics and cause epidemic. Oh no, no need for you. Well, does it to them . You dont need to be sees of the genus as forgiveness are found everywhere. Youre including in the atmosphere. Acute or if they appear in large amount, theyre dangerous to him. You know, compromise, i think gross, me the degree of what we keep switching to manage the science as shown. Pathogens can spread of a medium distances droplet infection of a very short distances of up to one meter, such as the influenza virus or the virus that causes cobit 19 is also being proven. The font that isnt solid evidence to show that transmission happens over a Long Distances of several 100 kilometers. The reason for them to those few pathogens dangerous to humans can travel very Long Distance is still functioning. Deals at the corona virus was studied in the laboratory, but its vulnerability and it turned out its very sensitive to alex to yeah. According to uv, radiation and drain is quickly kill and render a virus harmless when its suspended in the air outside optimal way to treat. If i didnt think of the atmosphere is even more dangerous, but viruses than insects. Only one in a 1000000 microbes survives. Its trying to see by google and hold on to the activity, but theres a large numbers of bacteria and seemingly with some pathogens are not get a cause for concern because theyre mostly dead. The only most were talking about traces of genetic material. So spiral bacterial occurs acidic, but not live viruses this into a box, the lives of people. The men say look, you know, its very rare for individual viruses or bacteria to make you sick. A lot. It takes a substantial viral load to become infected because luckily i bodies have Strong Defense and most of the doors wont remember who they fall is dont organs, immune systems. Vigilant napa, the last most Infectious Diseases today transmitted by a different kind of app pomp way through our planes. Passengers on board spread micro organisms all over the planet. In spring time, poland takes its ton on this giant and carousel pollen grains produce themselves. They often travel far and wide, and reproduce with the female gummy of other trees. This is beneficial to many living beings. The baton med, johnny, the poland grains couldnt break releasing irritants, but make poland allergy is a widespread problem. Of the at the university of little in france, you called all visa and now the usual on studying poland. Theyve captured from the yeah. Theyre examining whether poland grains breakout more easily when they encounter air pollutants in the sky. Far let me adjust this to the small particles which are dangerous for people with as much as thats for the like. Walker sits immeasurable because im truly confident that of course not all pollen greens in the atmosphere are shown here has to move. Our job is to count them to cool to whats the percentage of damaged grand designs for and are they harmful to how its curious because they seem to get through for us on said the research is one to bad to understand what happens between a paul and grain and a pollutant in the atmosphere so that recreating this interaction in the power train, the appalling is intentionally damaged when it fits so feeling about from the confidence interval roles are falling, must suffer. This is the revenge of people with allergies. If i start with a stream of ozone that arrives here, and then i drop the falling into, i look into this makes the ozone molecules reacted with the surface of the fallen gram. But thats whats interesting to me in this experimental civic styles. What was the buffer bundles and movie it was on . Sometimes we talk about good and bad. Always on the o zone in the upper atmosphere protects us from certain ultraviolet rays, if you a