Into energy. Only about 20 to 25 percent of sunlight can be captured on a commercial size, but that silicon needs to be mine and purified in Energy Intensive processes that require more than 1000. 00 degree celsius of heat. If you want to know more than this, we have a full video on that here. But i knew it here. The quote, corrupt cut might actually be able to solve all of this to understand why they are supposed to appear out to you a spend of silicon. So i went here the handheld, sent home in berlin. Theyve been researching postcards as some absorbing materials for about a decade. Hey, how are you doing . Good. And this is the guy in charge of the research and steve, i even said World Records for the most efficient pulse guides solar cells. So on a very basic level, what does for us kind of look like the temper off good is a very generic term for a specific crystal structure, right . You can see that here over there. So the christmas structure has the 80 x 3 formula. And like each component is the sort and i the element for molecule. One of the most common combinations in the structure is methyl ammonium as the a on the corners. The metal lots for be in the center and the chloride or iodide as the ex, which foam around the metal. But theres quite a vast range of materials that can be used and combined. And its quite wild how easily these can be put together. Oh, this is 11 fine and but before we do that, security 1st as we are going to up with toxic flat with one of the all thats good to go. Look a bit like if thats an okay time to get in our base materials. Matthew makes is methyl ammonium chloride and let i o die too late to create or abs for you. Crystal structure, by the way, everything happens in these boxes so that no water or oxygen comes in contact with our precious peroxide. So what is now the advantage of these materials compared to silicon . So i believe that one of the main advantages of prostate or silicon as material is the ease of processing. So silicon is something that is relatively Energy Intensive to fabricate. But this is something that can be done at post to room temperature, so it doesnt require much energy. So its easy to do. Everything is relatively abundant. And so, um it, its, it shouldnt be a bottleneck for production. So these based materials are more abundant then silicon and easier to process. Now we have the base materials, but how do we make is some absorbing tariffs guide out of it. So i deposit uh the solution of prostate and then it spins up quite fast. So something like, uh, 4000 revolutions for, for a minute. And then i dropped on the patient and that dr. Steve the crystallization. The method that matthew is using his cold spin coating pearls, kind soda sales can also be directly printed onto the surfaces using similar processes to those useful printing newspapers. Another method is if that parades and perhaps guides onto surfaces. Spin coatings usually takes place in the Lab Environment and can be tedious. Matthew accidentally dropped the glass, not a big problem in the Lab Environment, but for commercial production, this is not viable. Matthew gives it a 2nd try and this time everything works. After the spin coating it goes on to a heating plate and the darkening shows us that the crystals are being formed. It works the same way as when salt water evaporates and you start to see the salt. There also is like this one here which are only made out of rough guy, but in many cases theres a silicon layout beneath the to the cells. I called 10 themselves and looked like this right now, they are the most promising candidates when it comes to increasing the efficiency of solar cells. But at some point, it might be possible to a band. And so they can completely test that 10 themselves efficiency. The research was at hand, hard sent home, use a some simulator. It determines exactly how much sunlight is converted into electricity. What kind of efficiency that we just met . So when we measure almost 30 percent, quite nice achievement. Why does it tend them . So a cell reach that much more efficiency than single johnson felt. So thumbs all samples may much more use of the incoming lights. So we have a long so long spectrum, either the solar cells, they channel the spectrum, the parent skype. So also in this case, makes use of the visible wavelength. So everything which we can see by i, its then converted into pay of arrows got installed on sale into electrical energy. Whereas the infrared light passes through the peril sikesdale and hes been converted into silicon salsa which is quite deficient in converting in for red line. So the share of the spectrum in each cell is very efficient. And the reason it doesnt sound like that much, but i just has me this way, roughly 50 percent more. Some lights can be converted into electrical energy. So more overall sunlight can be a saw con by any of these tendons. So yeah, because before they go into serious reduction, normal stuff that needs to be a major issue is the stability of peril. Scott structures using 10 themselves. Theyre also got structures easily put together at low temperatures as we saw earlier, but they also come apart easily. Even the charges that tremble through the pearl scott in the cell, the cell can create defects and destroy the power of god. Structures. Also, external effect does like moisture, heat, oxygen, and u. V. Light can break it down further and quickly decrease. Its a record breaking efficiency. This whole process is called degradation, which researches and companies are trying to fight with different forms of m calculation. Its used office solar modules from accidental influences and is an essential spent for commercialization to sales, which is part of a do a p and academia and Industry Partnership plans to develop commercial size modules with an efficiency of 26 percent of a lifetime of 13. Yes, ox for tv. A Company Founded by Oxford University graduates has reached an efficiency of 28. 6 percent and supposedly sold the degradation issue already. But both companies havent published verifiable data yet. That also isnt even a lot of research on real world outdoor tests. I these are a lot of so unless you test. Yeah. Wow. This is kimberly, she oversees the degradation tests of 10 themselves at him. Whats 10 told at what kind of the abilities we currently looking at here, sometimes to fail after a few days. So, but sometimes the last 4 years. Literally this team met at a low 20 percent and efficiency in just half a year. Other researches in saudi arabia, for example, came up with similar results. For comparison, it takes silicon solar cells roughly 20 years to reach that level of degradation. The number that 10 themselves health would need to match some Companies Say theyve already fix this issue and ready to go to market next. Yeah. Do you believe thats possible . Sometimes here we must also have conferences, but they normally dont show the data. Its all very secret. I assume that david and the next years produce samples, and that is very important to do because then you can test them on your own sites in the future. And before you commercialized them before you say them to customers who contest inside. Whether its really true, because its really hard to say about the samples that we have out here of the one year that theyre going to last for 25 years. And until now weve only talked about the technical side of things, but tell them, so lets have another thing coming. If have of skype is going to go anywhere, it will need to be cheaper then press to then or can i request that i set it cut on a pad well basis. This is jenny chase. Shes analyze the solar market for 18 years and found that the solar Analysis Team at blue book. And yes, lets go to be the want to close po, up, which is coming to 12. 00 us cents per well, and it will be 12 by next year, according to the International Renewable energy agency. Since 2010 costs for electricity from solar have declined. But 89 percent globally, its now more expensive to install silicon panels than it is to make them meaning the limiting factor for solar on manufacturing costs. But grid connection land permits, all label for installation. It really comes down to the company that sells the cost of dependency factor matters. Just to get these at the stable volume production, it will make a lot of money. If nobody does, then solo will still get billed one company that claims it has sold the degradation issue is export tv. It says together with partners attempts we bought modules in the middle of 2024, and that well have utility scale sort of pox with 10 themselves in 2026 or 2027. Looking at todays the efficiency number solar parts like that will generate 25 percent more energy then comparable. So they can sell the parks, solar panels, those have a good rates potential, but theres still a lot of things that need to fall into place for them to work. And im really, really curious if theyre actually going to be on the market next year on reggie how did you like the video please let me know in the comments and subtract or tell me what we post the videos on the environment every friday. The respect its own about walking waves and fixing nature. Thats why sandra, respecting they just studying the new data, its about being up to date with current ideas, technologies. Im trying to the eco way of life, the environment magazine, the co africa next on w team to repeat the comfortable lounge dedicated more customizable space to reach you down is using the idea trained to test innovative concepts. What latrines offer us in the future aid in germany. In 60 minutes on d w, the this shadows these costs and video shed light on the donkey street. Devastating colonial har is infected by germany across and he employed the schools, tactic farms and destroy lights. What is the legacy of this wide spread race as depression today . History . We need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism. The how can we build a Better Future . Well, yes, thats a pretty big question. And one that demands all kinds of answers. Well be looking at some of those today. Hello and welcome to a new edition of eco offered car. Of course, the lens joining you from lagos. And i am sandra to whom was a 3. Nobody is coming to from complex. Right to in uganda. Yes