Introduction In the aftermath of the EU Commission’s E-Commerce Report the EU Commission commenced an antitrust investigation under the EU competition rules into geo-blocking practices of Valve, the owner of a PC online gaming platform “Steam” and five video games publishers: Bandai Namco, Capcom, Focus Home, Koch Media and ZeniMax (“the Publishers”). The Commission published its decision on 20 th January 2021 and found Valve and the Publishers were guilty of serious breaches of Article 101(1) TFEU and has fined them a total of €7.8 million. Unjustified Geo-blocking A key findings of the E- Commerce Report was the increase in the number of restrictions which manufacturers were putting in place to divide up markets within the EU (usually on the basis of national boundaries). These restrictions included restrictions such as not delivering outside a certain territory or redirecting orders to a customer’s own country or refusing to take payment on credit cards outside the territory in which the website was based. These were so called geo-blocking practices. Where manufacturers took these steps on their own, their conduct fell outside the scope of Article 101(1) TFEU. The EU Commission could not use the competition rules unless the manufacturers concerned were in a position of dominance. Therefore, the EU Commission introduced the Geo-Blocking Regulation, Regulation 2018/302 on unjustified geo-blocking which became applicable throughout the EU on and after 3 December 2018 to stamp out this conduct which was a direct challenge to the achievement of the EU Single Market.