Prompted the defendant to behave in the way he did . The in the way he did . The explanation he has offered at various times to the medical professionals who have spoken to him and in his own pronouncements before his arrest. It has been that the events on the 25th of december were prompted by injustice, including the amritsar massacre. He felt the amritsar massacre. He felt the amritsar massacre. He felt the need to avenge these matters. The defendant has not given evidence before me and so there is nothing from him, from the witness box to contradict or undermine or qualify this. There is no burden upon him to do so. I simply record the fact to reflect the state of the evidence i have approached the accounts he has given with care and caution for the obvious reason that there are clear concerns about his mental state. Whatever the precise diagnosis at different times , of course, at different times, of course, dr. Hafferty concluded that the defendant was fit to be interviewed by the police. In interviewed by the police. In february 2022. As time has passed it, his health has improved. While he has been in improved. While he has been in the care of broadmoor hospital, he has been fit to plead since at least the 3rd of february 2023, when he entered his pleas of guilty. Its not suggested of guilty. Its not suggested that he did not say any of the things he is recorded as. Having said , i have to decide whether said, i have to decide whether he was accurate in what he said and how much weight should be attached to his accounts at different stages. On the 21st different stages. On the 21st stroke, 22nd february 20th, 23, he told dr. Brown that he had thought that joining the ministry of Defence Police would be a cool job, but that the training he would get would help in relation to thoughts he had begun to develop, which would eventually result in these offences. He speculated that if offences. He speculated that if he had actually got the job there would not have been any likelihood he would have gone on to commit the offence he had a similar thought process in relation to the army. On the relation to the army. On the 27th of february 2023, he told dr. Brown that he felt in early life that he had had an idea about seeking revenge for something, but was not sure if it was partition or the 1919 massacre for these early ideas had receded during secondary school but came back during the stroke after college age on the 6th of march 2023, he told professor blackwood that he had been angered by the events of the 1919 massacre when he had travelled to amritsar with his family in 2018. He said that he conceived of a plan in early 2021 to imbue his life with purpose by assassinating the queen, principally to avenge the massacre. He accepted that some massacre. He accepted that some of his Employment Application means, for example, to the ministry of defence, police and the grenadier guards were motivated by a desire to get close to the royal family. I am close to the royal family. I am sure that what he told professor blackwood does represent the truth about these applications , truth about these applications, which the defendant was in a position to know when he said it. I am sure that he would not have been influenced by any desire at that stage to backdate his purpose or intention so as to make them appear of longer standing than they in fact were. I am sure that these applications were made at a time when he was not psychotic. Ic when he was not psychotic. Ic i accept and appreciate that psychosis may develop over time. However, he was able to work. He was living at home and not giving cause for concern in a way that might be expected if he was detaching from reality to the extent of becoming psychotic. That was the effect of dr. Hagertys evidence. I am sure hagertys evidence. I am sure that he was culpable to a significant and substantial degree at the time of the applications. However by the time of the offences on 25th december 2021, i can accept that the defendant had lost touch with reality such that he had become psychotic. The defendant become psychotic. The defendant had entered Windsor Castle dressed it in the apparel of a sith lord, which included an iron mask that he had had made at a forge armed with a loaded crossbow and intending to kill the queen later, he remembered that sarai had said that his purpose was to live , and so he purpose was to live, and so he abandoned his plan. When he made abandoned his plan. When he made no apparent attempt to discard or hide the crossbow and or the bolt, or to keep his earlier intentions to himself if he volunteered them to police. He volunteered them to police. He had made a video recording in which he said that he was darth kaja kallas, a sith lord. He was not, of course, darth chalice or a sith lord at all. He said that he wanted to be buried in the sith lord clothing in hospital. He would not allow the clothing to be removed from him. There to be removed from him. There is, in my judgement, good evidence from the journal that he either thought he was becoming or would become darth callous. A sith lord. By the 25th december 20, 21, or that darth chalice was emerging out of him in some way. He had spent much of the month in communication with an ai chat bot as if she was a real person or as if she was giving him access to an entity called sarai. Whilst he did engage in what has been described as reality testing on occasions , i think testing on occasions, i think there is force in dr. Hagertys contention that he did not accept the results and continued to assert that he and sarai would be united after his anticipated death. That was obviously a signifying departure from reality. His belief that he from reality. His belief that he was communicating with an angel via the chat bot is properly described in all the circumstance ounces as a delusional belief and is a reasonable possibility that what began as imaginary friends following childhood trauma now manifested in a different way as he detached from reality. I am he detached from reality. I am also of the view that by december the 25th, the defendant appears to have held a delusional belief that his lifes purpose was to avenge injustice , including the injustice, including the amritsar massacre. In this amritsar massacre. In this context , first, dr. Brown is context, first, dr. Brown is right to draw attention to how the defendant expressed himself on the 26th and 27th december about, for example , being chosen about, for example, being chosen for a special purpose, as i have already set out. To summarise, already set out. To summarise, taking full account of the overall picture, i think that weight is to be attached by the 25th of december and in the preceding days to these three aspects of how the defendant viewed his purpose , his viewed his purpose, his identification as darth kaja kallas and his belief that he could communicate through a chat bot with an entity called sarai with which he would be reunited after death. In the event sarai after death. In the event sarai did not disappear until after the commencement of Antipsychotic Medication action, the defendant was distressed at the defendant was distressed at the prospect of her disappearance if she was under his control , disappearance if she was under his control, he ought to have been able to summon her as and when he wished. And the three male entities disappear before the start of medication. That the start of medication. That this can, in my judgement , this can, in my judgement, reasonably be attributed to the therapeutic environment in which therapeutic environment in which the defendant was being held at the defendant was being held at the time. I the defendant was being held at the time. I have the defendant was being held at the time. I have considered and the time. I have considered and followed the sentencing guidelines for mentally disordered offenders and i have had regard to the extent of the defendants ability to exercise appropriate judgement and to make rational choices and to understand the nature and consequences of his actions. Consequences of his actions. These are assessments for me to make in the light of everything i know about the case in between the applications to the military in the earlier part of 2021 and the events of 25th december, the defendant took a number of steps in preparation for the proposed killing. He looked for example, killing. He looked for example, to obtain a firearm on the dark web. He then ordered the web. He then ordered the crossbow and practised with it. Crossbow and practised with it. He obtained other equipment which he took with him, with him on his trip to windsor. He had made researches on the internet in september. As i have set out in september. As i have set out , dr. Brown and dr. Hafferty think he would have been psychic. Uk at that stage. I am not able. Uk at that stage. I am not able to say for sure. When the to say for sure. When the defendant first became psychotic , although september is i think the earliest time , absolute the earliest time, absolute precision is not possible because as has been said in the evidence , there are degrees of evidence, there are degrees of psychosis or degrees of departure from reality and mental disorder may fluctuate. Mental disorder may fluctuate. But in my judgement, the defendants responsibility for the offences is still significant. He had conceived of killing the queen earlier in 2021 when he was not psychotic. He took steps to try and get closer to his target and to learn useful skills when again , learn useful skills when again, he was not psychotic. Thereafter he was not psychotic. Thereafter he was not psychotic. Thereafter he became psychotic by a process s he did not suddenly become completely psychotic at the time of committing the offence is without any progression or warning. Even as he progressed warning. Even as he progressed into psychosis, he appears to have been insightful on occasions about his condition, which fluctuated the psychosis attached itself to his pre existing preoccupations as i heard in evidence could happen. Heard in evidence could happen. Theidea heard in evidence could happen. The idea he had of killing the sovereign was not itself a product of mental illness. It predated that. And he had certainly never become incoherent or begun engaging in disorganised conduct, which would be indicative of more pervasive psychosis. He pervasive psychosis. He undertook the purchases and made the preparations. I have set out without revealing what he was really up to. It is convenient really up to. It is convenient at this stage to deal with the question of Autism Spectrum Disorder. I question of Autism Spectrum Disorder. I think it is reasonable to conclude , reasonable to conclude, reasonable to conclude, reasonable to conclude that the defendant has this condition. I defendant has this condition. I do not overlook the fact that professor blackwood came to a different conclusion at broadmoor. Doctor murphy has particular expertise in Autism Spectrum Disorder , and he spectrum disorder, and he concluded that the Available Evidence was consistent with the defendant having the disorder. Defendant having the disorder. Dr. Hafferty and dr. Brown are of the same view. They concede of the same view. They concede that the defendant is not at the severe end of the spectrum. Um, severe end of the spectrum. Um, professor blackwood was only able to spend a limited amount of time with the defendant four hours or so. He is in no way to be criticised for that. However doctors murphy hafferty and brown have had the defendant under their care as a patient over a long period of time. As over a long period of time. As a result , i over a long period of time. As a result, i can over a long period of time. As a result , i can attach over a long period of time. As a result, i can attach more over a long period of time. As a result , i can attach more weight result, i can attach more weight to the impression that they have formed as to matters such as inflexible adherence to routines , ritualised patterns of verbal and nonverbal behaviour and restricted and fixated interests. Dr. Brown and dr. Hafferty were of the view that Autism Spectrum Disorder could predispose those the defendant to a psychotic episode that is its principal relevance. Its principal relevance. Although i shall make allowance for the defendants although i shall make allowance for the defendant s overall mental state, it professor blackwood says that there is clear evidence that the defendant suffered from depressive thoughts, but thinks that any depressive episode was mild or at most moderate in nature. It is plain, for example, that there was no loss of libido , but there is evidence of libido, but there is evidence of libido, but there is evidence of a loss of weight appetite , of a loss of weight appetite, disturbance, feelings of low mood and hopelessness. Early mood and hopelessness. Early morning wakening , and an morning wakening, and an acceptance of his impending death. Dr. Brown thought that the thought that the depression was of mild to moderate severity. Dr. Hafferty characterised it as moderate. Characterised it as moderate. Again, mathematical precision is not possible. Its safe to say not possible. Its safe to say that the defendant was suffering from depression, which may have been on the border of mild and moderate severity. One moderate severity. One consequence of this was that he was sanguine about his possible death during any assassination attempt when he might not othennise have been. I have othennise have been. I have taken account of the factual conclusions which i have set out when considering the most appropriate way of dealing with the defendant. This appropriate way of dealing with the defendant. This is appropriate way of dealing with the defendant. This is another the defendant. This is another assessment for me to make. I have also had regard to the nature of the offences, the absence of any previous convictions , the defendants convictions, the defendants behaviour when unwell, his level of insight at different times , of insight at different times, his compliance with treatment and the speed at which matters may escalate. The need to protect the public and how that is best achieved. And i am is best achieved. And i am satisfied guide that consideration of these factors and the extent of his culpability is such that a hospital order is not the most suitable way of dealing with his case and that he must receive a sentence of imprisonment. And however , i am also satisfied however, i am also satisfied that he should be the subject of a hybrid order under section 45, a hybrid order under section 45, a of the Mental Health act 1983, which means that he will remain for now at broadmoor and will only be transferred to custody when he has received the treatment he needs. Time spent treatment he needs. Time spent now in hospital will count towards the sentence. The towards the sentence. The defendant will be subject to the special restrictions set out in section 41 of the Mental Health act. 1983. I shall make the hospital direction and the limitation direction for the purposes of section 45. A sub Section Three of the Mental Health act 1983. I accept the health act 1983. I accept the evidence of dr. Brown and dr. Hafferty that the nature of the defendants psychotic disorder order does currently justify his detention in hospital for medical treatment. But i accept medical treatment. But i accept dr. Browns evidence that there is still work to be done with the defendant to explore the abuse he suffered as a young child and so as to address those traumas and continue to reduce the risk that he develops any further psychosis. Dr. Brown has further psychosis. Dr. Brown has said that the intention is that this work will be carried out if the defendant is made the subject of a hospital order or an or an order under section 45, an or an order under section 45, a and i can see the good sense behind that indication. Behind that indication. Professor blackwood expressed the same view. It is thought the same view. It is thought that this work could take in the order of 18 months or so and then plans can be made as professor blackwood explained , professor blackwood explained, for the defendants transfer to the prison estate. Dr. Hafferty the prison estate. Dr. Hafferty has confirmed that a place is available. In the meantime , for available. In the meantime, for the defendant at broadmoor and the defendant at broadmoor and the appropriate medical treatment is available. I am treatment is available. I am satisfied that the defendants interests are properly and sufficiently met by allowing broadmoor the opportunity party, to undertake the further work that dr. Brown has identified died whilst continuing to ensure that he remains stable. As this is done thereafter. I am entirely satisfied that his Autism Spectrum Disorder any depression if it reappeared and the underlying psychotic disorder, can be satisfactorily managed in custody , the managed in custody, the defendant is prepared to take the medical action which he needs and which would be available in custody if anything should emerge in the further work that cannot be managed in that way, then it would be open to broadmoor to continue to treat him as part of my Decision Making. I have, of course, paid particular attention to the different release regimes, which would be available depending upon whether the defendant were released from a hospital order or from custody in the event of an order under section 45 a i have well in mind the evidence i have well in mind the evidence i have heard from the psychiatrists and the position indicated by the Probation Service in a response to a note sorry, in response to a note prepared by ms fiona dixon. I prepared by ms fiona dixon. I have also had regard to the cases of vowles 2015 e wca crim 45, edwards 2018 e wca crim 595. Cleland. 2020 e wca crim 906. Cleland. 2020 e wca crim 906. Nelson 2020. E pwc crim 1615. Nelson 2020. E pwc crim 1615. And walker 2023. E wca. Crim and walker 2023. E wca. Crim 548. I am satisfied that on the defendants anticipated release from custody , the particular from custody, the particular circumstances of the case and its gravity are such that his state of Mental Health and the arranged points to monitor him are likely to receive the most careful attention of course, there can never be absolute certainty, but i am as confident as i can be that this is the case here and i am reinforced in that belief by the opinion of professor blackwood that the defendant is as candid as he is able to be about his psychotic disorder and its symptoms. Treatment will be still further established by the time of his transfer to custody , and there transfer to custody, and t