JAXA to trial solid-state lithium-ion batteries in space JAXA (the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) has announced that it will conduct an experiment to demonstrate the use of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries in space. It will be working with Hitachi Zosen Corporation in joint research to investigate practical space applications for the battery technology. Conventional lithium-ion batteries used in space use liquid and have a narrow operating temperature range, says the agency. This makes them difficult to use in a vacuum and in a harsh space environment with extreme temperature differences. For this reason, they are installed inside equipment, under controlled temperatures.