Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. The ford foundation. Working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff a wing fragment discovered on an island in the indian ocean is on its way for testing to see if it belongs to a missing malaysia airliner. The debris was carefully packaged and loaded onto a cargo flight today bound for special defense facilities in toulouse, france. Meanwhile, locals scoured reunion islands coastline for traces of more debris. And australian officials who are leading the search for the plane urged caution about what the wreckage means. Im not sure that this finding will actually enable any refinement of the search area. It is 16 months since the aircraft disappeared, this piece of debris has traveled a very, very long way, so i dont think itll be possible to back trace where it came from. Woodruff boeing has confirmed the debris is a wing part known as a flaperon and the serial number found on it belongs to a boeing 777. Hundreds of people mourned a palestinian toddler who burned to death in his west bank home in a suspected arson set by jewish extremists. Two palestinian homes were burned in Early Morning firebombings. The toddlers parents and four yearold brother are in critical condition. Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas blamed the incident on israels settlement policy. translated we wake up to a crime of the israelis. It is a war crime and a humanitarian crime at the same time, so we will not stand still, we will not stand still at all. As long as the occupation and settlement exist these acts will continue. Woodruff israeli Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu visited the family in a tel aviv hospital and said hed made a rare call to abbas to express his outrage. I told him of this visit and of israels absolute commitment to fight this evil, to find the perpetrators, bring them to justice. We have to calm the spirits and recommit ourselves to our joint battle against terrorism and extremism. Woodruff the attack spurred clashes between hamas supporters and Israeli Police in the west bank city of hebron. Protesters threw rocks at israeli vehicles as soldiers fired gas grenades to disperse the crowd. In washington, a white house spokesman condemned the incident, calling it a vicious terrorist attack. In charleston, south carolina, the white suspect in the shooting rampage at a black church entered a temporary not guilty plea today to federal hate crime charges. 21yearold dylann roof is accused of killing nine worshippers last month. Roof initially wanted to enter a guilty plea, but his lawyer advised him to wait until the government decides whether to seek the death penalty. The number of homicides in baltimore soared to a level not seen in more than four decades. 43 murders were recorded in the month of july, making it the third most deadly month in the citys history. At the same time, nonfatal shootings have reached 366 this year, compared to 200 at the same time last year. The spike in killings comes three months after riots erupted in response to the death of freddie gray, who died in police custody. President obama signed a stopgap measure into law today that funds the nations highway and transit projects for the next three months. The shortterm patch was all congress could agree to before leaving for an august recess. Mr. Obama said a longterm solution is what the country needs. We cant keep on funding transportation by the seat of our pants three months at a time. Its just not how greatest country on earth should be doing its business. I guarantee you this is not how china, germany, and other countries around the world, other big powerful countries around the world handle their infrastructure. Woodruff the senate did pass a longterm transportation bill yesterday, setting up discussions with the house this fall on how to Fund Transport projects over time. A former governor of Virginia Jim Gilmore became the 17th republican to enter the race for president. He explained why hes running in such a crowded field in a video released on youtube. Ive been looking for someone to enter the race committed to my belief that americas economic and National Security is increasingly at risk. But i havent seen a response from anyone that makes me certain about their knowledge or solutions to the threats facing our nation. I do not seek the presidency because i want to be something. I seek it because i want to do something for america. Woodruff gilmore served as virginias governor from 1998 to 2002, and he launched a brief president ial bid in 2008. Wall street posted small losses today. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 56 points to close at 17,689. The nasdaq fell less than a point. The s p 500 dropped more than four points. For the week the dow and nasdaq each gained nearly one percent and the s p added 1. 2 . Despite its lack of natural snow, chinas capital city won the right to host the winter 2022 olympics today. The announcement came during an elaborate ceremony in kuala lumpur, malaysia. The International OlympicCommittee Picked beijing over almaty, kazakhstan. Beijing will be the first city to host both the summer and winter olympics. Still to come on the newshour a promising trial for an ebola vaccine, a prisontocollege pipeline, Opening Doors to higher ed for inmates and much more. Now a potentially Exciting Development in the search for an ebola vaccine and to hari sreenivasan. Sreenivasan results of a Clinical Trial conducted in the west african country of guinea and published today in the medical journal lancet found an experimental vaccine was 75 to100 effective in blocking new infections of the ebola virus. The trial involved more than 7,000 people, over 3,500 of whom were vaccinated. Guinea is one of three west african countries that marked the epicenter of the 2014 Ebola Outbreak that killed more than 10,000 people. For more on efforts to create a vaccine and on this trial, i am joined by dr. Anthony fauci, director of the National Institute of allergy and Infectious Disease at the National Institutes of health. So there are several Different Companies and people working on venus, including a member of your team burks today we hear word like game changer, you know, these are significant results. Why was this so important . Well, its significant because of the outcome of the trial. It showed rather impressive results. Now, it was done under very difficult circumstances, so thats really very important. It was done right during the intensity of the outbreak itself, and the data that have been released today show that the results are really quite favorable. There is still a lot of work to be done to determine, in fact, if this protection against ebola is durable, mainly that it can last for several months, because we certainly would like to have this available for future outbreaks, and inevitably there will be future outbreaks of ebola. So this is an important step in our armory of preventing ebola infection in addition to the Public Health measure to prevent infection. Sreenivasan how did they figure out this was effect sniff. A very interesting design to the study. Its called a ring vaccination study, ring meaning you create a ring around an index case of when someone gets infected, and you jacks nate the contacts of that person and the contacts of the contacts. But the thing about the ring study is it was randomized, so that when they identified a case of ebola, they had two rings, one in which got vaccinated need, and one which got vaccinated 21 days afterward, and then they compared the number of infections in those who were vaccinated immediately versus those who had a delay tof 21 days, and the results are rather impressive because the number of ebola inneksz the people vaccinated immediately were zero, and the number of infections for those who were vaccinated on a delayed basis was 17. Relatively speaking, this is an interim analysis of results, but its still rather impressive. Now were going to have to look at the details of the data to really delve into what it means. But having said that, its important that the results came out this way. Sreenivasan you alluded to this earlier. This is in the middle of an epidemic. Thithis isnt our definition ofa Gold Standard of a Clinical Trial when you give some people medicine and some a placebo. I guess its somewhat unethical not to give someone medication when you see people daying within days of contracting the virus. If you dont know what works and you do a controlled trial, then you get informed consent about how youre going to do the trial and it is really quite ethical. So i think this design was an interesting novel design. Its fashioned after the design of how we approach smallpox and the elimination of smallpox. It was a Creative Design that was done under difficult circumstances. Sreenivasan when people think of vaccines, they also think of things that actually have the virus in it. Did this virus have ebola in it . No, it did not. It had a protein of ebola. So let me explain what it is. A virus was used which was a virus that infects animals and rarely infects humans. What the virus was is you took one gene of ebola and inserted it into this other virus and then injected this other virus into the vei vaccine recipients. Once it got in them it started making the ebola protein, so none of the individuals got the ebola virus itself. They got the protein of ebola that was given to them through this vector or carrier virus. Sreenivasan dr. Anthony fauci from the National Institutes of health, thanks for joining us. Good to be with you. Woodruff today the secretary of education and attorney general of the u. S. Proposed a major shift in policy. After a 20year ban, some federal and state inmates could become eligible for pell grant money to take College Classes while behind bars. Our special correspondent for education, john merrow reports on an earlier Pilot Program to create a prisontocollege pipeline. Ive been in prison since i was 16. Im 34 now. Ive been locked up five years. Ive been in this jail three years. Ive spent 21 years in prison. I was arrested at the age of 17. Ive been incarcerated 21 years now. Im 39 years old. Im in jail for murder. Two drug sales and a burglary charge. For homicide. Taking someones life. Reporter many people would say, hey, they did the crime, so let them do the time. But this woman believes that, if prisoners are going to change their ways, they need an education. We see education as integral to the reentry process. Reporter and so these men are studying shakespeare. Were you able to see some of these themes, motifs, and symbols . Okay, good. Reporter today theyre analyzing othello in erin kaplans introductory english class. The fact that othellos a foreigner and the fact that hes in a higher office, and has a higher prestige wife makes him wanna do this because he feels that he should have all of this. I took it as when the duke made that statement, what he was saying because they kept describing othello especially iago and him as a moor as being evil, black is devilish, as you know, this thicklipped person and so on and so forth. Reporter these 12 men are incarcerated at a new york state correctional facility in otisville. If it not be for some purpose of import give it me again. Poor lady. She run mad when she will lack it. Reporter this class, and five others like it, are part of a Pilot Program called the prison to college pipeline. To enroll, prisoners must have finished high school, pass a reading and writing assessment, and be eligible for release within five years. We have this idea that, possibly, in the three to five years prior to release, we want to seize on the high expectations, the high hopes, the anticipations of coming home, take advantage of that hope and turn it to education. Reporter Baz Dreisinger founded the program in the fall of 2011 with just 14 students. Its a collaboration among John Jay College of criminal justice, Hostos Community college, and the new York State Department of corrections and community supervision. The cost, about 3,500 per student, is covered by private and public sources. It costs new york state about 60,000 a year to keep a person in prison. Hes comfortable in military tactics. Hes confident. You understand . As a warrior. Exactly. Reporter Educational Opportunities behind bars are very rare. Twothirds of correctional facilities do not offer college courses. Where programs do exist, many are like bazs very small. Today, of the 1. 6 million men and women in prison, only about 35,000 are taking college courses. And it could also be as far as his mentality, his morals and principles, the fact that hes a general within the army. Reporter for many, this is their First College class. I never, actually, had the opportunity to take college. I consider myself a good student always did. Reporter but its not their first time in prison. I went out and committed a crime and came back. Reporter will terrys experience is typical. 55 of prisoners end up back behind bars within five years of their release. And the doubt came from somebody else. Reporter the Program Gives prisoners the opportunity to develop new identities as students. Ive been out of school for a very long time, so becoming a student again is it has really been quite a ride, but i enjoy it. I like the challenge. It gives you a self worth that is unspeakable. Its very nice. The students want to be edited. They want to be taught. They want to double the length of the readings. They want you to critique their papers ten times over. Part of it is that youve been in an intellectual void for so long that youre hungry for this knowledge, and the other part of it is that the stakes are very high as they see it. They know that theyre re defining themselves via education and they take it really seriously. Its in act 1 of scene 3 of 781. What line . Reporter success inside means opportunity outside. Students who do well are guaranteed admission into one the 18 colleges that make up the c. U. N. Y. System. I like to describe the prisontocollegepipeline as a college and Reentry Program and a college as Reentry Program. So the Program Starts inside and completes outside, and i think one of the reasons why thats so powerful is that you benefit from getting some College Education inside, but you also benefit from having a real Campus Experience and being in a college when you come out. I know how much a support system is important. To be able to be afforded an opportunity to go somewhere and meet with people that we already established relationships with, like baz. Theyre not just saying get the hell out. We actually have people thats out there rooting for us. Thats gonna hold us down no reporter but providing prisoners with College Opportunities is not a popular idea. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo introduced a plan to publicly fund College Programs in ten state prisons. It faced opposition from both parties and was quickly shot down. Research indicates that prisoners who participate in correctional Postsecondary Education programs are 51 less likely to be reincarcerated. Its too soon to know if this program will be successful because only 36 men have participated. Its hard to talk about numbers and percentages, because the program is so small and weve just started. Reporter seven of the 12 students have been released, and six are already enrolled in college, or are applying for admission. Only one is back in prison. Reporting for the pbs newshour, im john merrow, in otisville, new york. Woodruff stay with us. Coming up on the newshour the militarys plan to replace an aging fleet of submarines armed with Nuclear Weapons, mark shields and david brooks analyze the weeks news and how debates between gore vidal and william f. Buckley changed television and political discourse in america. But first, schools for students with disabilities and behavioral issues in the state of georgia are under scrutiny. In a twoyear long investigation, the u. S. Department of justice found georgia is illegally segregating these students. Some of the programs are even housed in dilapidated buildings once used as allblack schools during the jim crow era. Alan judd is an Investigative Reporter for the Atlanta Journal constitution. He has written about the schools and the Justice Departments findings. Alan judd, we welcome you. So who are these students that the state of georgia is putting in a separate Educational Program . At any given time, there may be about 5,000 of them. They are students who have of varying ages who have behavioral issues, Mental Health issues, who maybe are in the autism sp