Mindfulness is a practice of focusing on the present moment in a nonjudgmental manner. Researchers have suggested that mindfulness may improve prosocial behavior, but studies looking at this have been inconclusive. In the present study, the researchers explored whether a person’s self-conception can determine whether mindfulness will improve their prosocial behavior. The researchers found mindfulness decreased prosocial behavior for people who see themselves as independent and increased it for those who perceive themselves as interdependent. A new study has shown that people who consider themselves interdependent improve their prosocial behavior following mindfulness practice. Those who view themselves as independent, however, have decreased prosocial behavior.