ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies New research shows what is often assumed to be ‘fair’ in conservation practice may not be considered so by the very people most affected by it–and a new approach is needed if protected areas are to be effective. Lead author Dr Georgina Gurney, from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies based at James Cook University, said considering local stakeholder conceptions of fairness in conservation is critical. “If conservation is perceived as unfair it can lead to conflict, undermining support and cooperation,” Dr Gurney said. She said it is not only an ethical matter but key to achieving good outcomes for people and the environment.