Northwest Logic HBM2/2E Controller Core from Rambus tHE High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) DRAM Controller Core is designed for use in applications requiring high memory throughput, high clock rates and full programmability. The core accepts commands using a simple local interface and translates them to the command sequences required by HBM DRAM devices. The core also performs all initialization and refresh functions. The core uses bank management modules to monitor the status of each SDRAM bank (up to 64 banks managed concurrently). Banks are only opened or closed when necessary, minimizing access delays. The core queues up multiple commands in the command queue. This enables optimal bandwidth utilization for both short transfers to highly random address locations as well as longer transfers to contiguous address space. The command queue is also used to opportunistically perform look-ahead activates, precharges and auto-precharges further improving overall throughput.