1 : 21000000 This is Girolamo Ruscelli's 1574 map Tierra Nveva, an early and influential map of what would become New England and the Canadian Maritime Provinces. Although the cartography can be confusing by modern standards, the map covers the eastern coastline of North America from somewhere in upper Florida northwards past Cabo de Santa Maria to Larcadia (Kitty Hawk), Angoulesme (New York Harbor), Nova Scotia, and Labrador. Based on the Ptolemaic model, Ruscelli's work follows on the 1548 map of the same region by fellow Venetian Giacomo Gastaldi. Reconciling the ToponomyCartographically this map offers a fascinating look at early cartographer's attempts to reconcile the discoveries of Giovanni Verrazano with those of Jacques Cartier. Although there is some scholarly disagreement regarding the modern equivalent of the coastal toponymy, the general consensus is as follows, from south to north. Larcadia, named by Verrazano because of its forested beauty, is now assumed to have been somewhere near Kitty Hawk. In the subsequent decades Larcadia was moved further and further north until it came to refer to the coasts of Maine and the Canadian Maritimes. Angoulesme was the place name Verrazano gave to New York Harbor (although Andre Thevet, writing in 1550, also takes credit for the term). Flora is most likely the south coast of Long Island. Brisa is almost certainly Block Island. Pt. Refuge is Narragansett Bay. The Chesapeake Bay, Delaware Bay, Cape Cod, and Boston Harbor are notably absent, as Verrazano was forced too far out to sea for fear of reefs to see their entrances.