Hello i marianna machine and then a quick look at the main stories this hour have been scenes of joy in Harrison City and ukraine after the retreat of russian troops, celebrations well inside the city and across the country. Ukrainian flags also have been raised on public monuments in her son present. Laudermill zalinski said it was a historic day and that the city had never given up Russian Military set. It completed its withdrawal by 5 am on friday. John hall has moved from keith. Its a huge moment to the ukrainians for the ukranian president floated misled sky, of course, essentially, winning back the only regional capital that russia had been able to secure during the course of its invasion here. Going back to february, it puts ukraine very much back on the front foot in regaining that strategic, strangle hold. Down on the south there potentially able to interrupt russias land, bridge between crimea and the mainland potentially even able to menace occupied crime in itself. Meanwhile, satellite images are showing damage to a major diamond, Harrison City of the Russian Forces withdrew the satellite. Company macs are says northern parts and flu skates of the nova golf down have been deliberately destroyed. Russia and ukraine of accused each other of planning to blow out, which could devastate harrison. The images also show significant damage to several bridges that spanned the new pro river or fighting is could flat up in the east and democratic republic of congo where soldiers of battling and 23. 00 rebels on several fronts. The m 23 is had a major resurgence this year, forcing nearly 200000 people from their homes. Im 23 is blamed other groups for the killings. Its recent advances and tension soaring was one to which the Congress Government accuses of supporting rebels and the owners of the mediterranean rescue ship ocean. Viking se european states are failing to deal with a humanitarian crisis vessel carrying hundreds of Asylum Seekers rescue from small boats as finely dodge in the french course of 2 long. Theyve now been transferred to a facility about 20 kilometers away. The ship was refused entry to italy, sparking a major diplomatic dispute. All hello planet is coming up. Next ill have watch more on all of the headlines. Stories for you in the news are 25 minutes time. There is a story being spun, a fantasy whipping sold the notions that we can offset all the carbon we generate that i can even get on to apply 25 to take the right box and crate. A few extra dollars when purchasing my ticket. My journey can be Carbon Neutral with net 0 implications for the final Carbon Offsets net 0 Carbon Neutral. All of these catch phrases, these labels they found to good to be true. Thats because they are with climate breakdown is the existential crisis about age. In fact, its been the more serious threat to life for at least a couple of generations. But now it finally reached a point where a majority of governments and populations agree that this is a monumental issue. And if you listen to politicians and corporate leaders, it seems to pulling out all the stops. Making ambitious pledges to slow down, if not hope, the destruction of our planet. Europe will be the worlds 1st climate neutral continent. Net 0 emissions and thats 0 by 20. 50 near you. Little so here are the sophie, she said, huggles becoming a net 0 Emissions Energy business by 2050, 2030 for our restaurants. No impact on the planet. Were completely net 0. Were completely neutral. Those premises sound great, but when you pull apart the language, those key phrases in terms things get a little mackey. It is important to remember that the language of Carbon Neutral or net 0 emissions is incredibly misleading and high. Its important contradictions. Joanna keybo is an environmental researcher who has spent more than a decade analyzing Climate Policies and Climate Justice issues is basically based on an idea that pollution can be compensated somewhere else by a project implemented mostly in the yellow south that should either avoid the missions or absorb emissions and by doing so pump and say the pollution from the polluter, not because theyre reducing, not because they are capping their emissions, but because they are getting some credits that are doing the compensation that the cleaning up somewhere else. This logic of offsetting is what is misleading in all of these language, because one would think, oh companies are actually doing something about it. They are addressing the problem and that is confusing for people and even society. They are trying to demand some action for Climate Change. The reason climate, scientists, and activists a seriously question Carbon Offsetting or Carbon Neutral programs, is because they just do not do what they claim. They cant, not when the fundamental premise on which these programs are based is so deeply flawed. Lets take an example. Im traveling to test mania where some of these programs are based. And im flying with quantas australias Largest Airline company, which also happens to run one of the largest offsetting programs of any airline in the world called fly Carbon Neutral. You as a passenger one to 5 Carbon Neutral to die. The best way is to voluntarily Carbon Offset your flight. Its an enticing idea when i buy my ticket. The calculation is made by the airline for my contribution to the amount of fuel used for my journey. And therefore emissions released. And i pay an extra fee, in this case, just over 5. 00. That money is then given to a number of other companies for use on Carbon Offsetting projects. Here are the ones that quantas with quantas on my behalf has basically bought a carbon credit permission to keep emitting on the basis that trees or Renewable Energy can offset pollution. One credit represents one ton of Carbon Emissions. The math looks simple. One negative, this one positive equals whats called net 0. But what youre saying, joanna, is that equation doesnt really work. So it is really important that we understand that there are 2 very different types of carbon. And this is fairly, talk a while, but hes full num info. So we have a phosphate carbone. These deposits that are locked under ground for meals and millions of years. And then you have the biological carbon, which is this more dynamic carbon, the flows around trees. They did, they, ocean, i mean, dynamic changes goes from one to the other. But what is not mentioned in the Climate Crisis is that im looking for a carbon that took millions of years to be create thats been our beam burned in the shape of petroleum. Gov or coal mem, matthew scale, and in a short period of time. And thats kind of impossible for the earth capacity to deal with these to absorb, to regulate if we dont stop burning petroleum, oil and gas, we are not addressing the problem. An offset is a way to not talk about the theres really no such new Carbon Offset. If you really look at it, its made up. Tom gold tooth is a climate, justice activist, and executive director of the indigenous environmental network. There is no such thing. Offsetting pollution by transients 3, even the scientists agree with you cant swap carbon thats been part of rushed in process across the field for above ground carbon in the biosphere. That theyre separate entities, but the market system doesnt differentiate that they package it up to gather. So were being scammed when theres really no, i said its just a way of Business People to make money and to look good on paper. So if thats in my there are they also scheme where this molecule is coming from. When was he done or how long it was saying that my fear, what it matters, these, the polluter has an accounting sheet. Some numbers where is the, how many molecules they are meeting . And they also project on the other side comes in teeth where they say, how many c o 2 molecules they are absorbing or reducing or avoiding me. And therefore these trading can happen. Business in the net 0 industry is booming. Amazon, you lever, disney, google sex, and shell a, some of the Largest Companies using offset programs to reach the sustainability goals. Google is the 1st Major Company to eliminate our empire carbon legacy co. Now with all my local lawn, no 1st net 0, c o 2 concrete world 1st certified Carbon Neutral commercial Vehicle Engine oil. These companies and the people managing their offset programs, sound really convinced about the value of their campaigns. We are going to keep improving and why we do that. Were also going to offset our remaining emissions from today. We are offsetting all the Carbon Emissions from our flight with any remaining emissions that you cannot eliminate with real change. You are agreeing to do offsets. Now if by this point you think the whole Carbon Offset net 0 obsession is an elaborate ruse created by big corporations as a destruction and diversion tactic, we wouldnt be completely wrong. Big business, especially big oil, has played a significant role in lobbying for and developing Carbon Trading markets. However, theres been other key players that have been instrumental in the process, including the United Nations and whole bunch of governance. In fact, the very idea of emissions trading of turning carbon into a commodity was one of the highlights of the 1997 kyoto protocol, which was a Milestone International treaty broken by the un to deal with the Climate Crisis. For long industrialized countries that are part of the political have a clear obligation to reduce emissions. To do so, they can use the market to trade a new commodity cabinet. Under the kyoto protocol, signatory governments would participate in a system called cap and trade. The 1st half of this process, the negotiation of carbon caps, would place limits on emissions from countries and big corporations. However, if they couldnt stay within their specified Carbon Emissions limits, then they still had an out. And thats where the trade part of the program would kick in. Corporations could simply buy a carbon credit from another emitter who may have fallen below the threshold of emissions. Oh, from one of a number of other offsetting initiatives. In short, they could pick up a permit to continue emitting cop in the polluting corporation. Sorry. Can i sell banks and trade these permits that are also called allowances . So when the price is low, this scoop them up, they buy them up and bank them for later use when, when prices go up. So if, if these permits arent enough, ah, the polluters can purchase more Carbon Offsets from other sources with upsets. It has been actually a very cheap way or investor less qualities and companies to get off the hook to have no response. I really their account believe the really, really big for their pollution or her. They are distraction and we dont know a structural change. Advocates of the kyoto protocol would argue that the United Nations did create a scheme to encourage structural change, the Clean Development mechanism, or cdn, set up in 2001. It was the worlds 1st and so far largest Carbon Offset scheme. Countries with high emissions like canada, japan and australia could help achieve their own care to targets by purchasing credits linked to cobb and reduction programs in countries like china, india, and brazil, which needed to keep National Economic development on track. But it committed to do so without generating the volume of emissions rich countries produced when they were growing their economies. So for example, if a power plant in australia needed to shape 10 percent of its emissions, it could buy offsets from a solar power project in india. The power plant there might initially have been coal fueled, but the sale of carbon credits could help cover the high costs of developing solar power. The gap, an emissions between the hypothetical co plant and the actual solar farm would constitute the animated carbon that could now be sold as units of certified emissions reductions. Basically permission slips to allow polluting entities to put out the carbon that was supposedly being held from the atmosphere. The stadium was extremely popular in its heyday. More than 8000. 00 projects in a 111. 00 countries have registered with this game, which is handed out more than 2000000000. 00 carbon credits, representing a claim of more than 2000000000. 00 tons of Carbon Dioxide reduction, or avoidance. The un says the cdn has also funded more than 900000000000. 00 worth of Renewable Energy investment in developing countries. However, the program has been wired and complexity and controversy. It has been widely researched that the Clean Development mckinney some brought about incredible amount of injustice on the ground. So we see, for example, hydro electric dams are being said to produce clean energy. Is another misleading claim because it is in fact not clinical. We have the Energy Production that is produced by lab there, but there is a whole infrastructure that was built on, sometimes a forest or another river. It was system and the energy that these are deals there. Usually most of that im not going to be the lever to the Community Around that are most of the times without access to energy is going to be most of the times for Mining Industry that are nearby that need the energy in order to keep extracting. So we see how that the sign of the scheme is not really taking consideration of the social aspects of the environmental aspects. But hes only considering that accounting. Shes the cdm wasnt the only program of its kind 10 years after the kyoto protocol in 2007, another u. N backed program came into being the title made the mission pretty clear. Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in short formed, read it tackled head on one of the most urgent problems facing those. Working on the Climate Crisis. The rapid degradation of vital forest sooner with the red plan was quite ingenious. In its simplicity, developing countries would basically be paid not to cut down trees. So i was big ones and never more. But it told us what is philo is a deforestation modeling expert in brazil, i was invited as our to Scientific Meeting with the 1st red project, brazil and amazon for me to gather which was several science. And then and, and i found that was not really cited roger, but roger sale coming french, what elements of your work were included in the red program . Were, were ione in developing modeling for simulating for station and a borrowed those methods to develop design, delusional reb baseline. So, doesnt matter. The technical details, if the, the math of the methods brit helter refers to, is basically the maths. It begins with an estimation of how much deforestation could be expected in an area. If the financial incentives from red didnt exist. Unsurprisingly, the more deforestation you anticipate, the more carbon credits you generate, the more money you can make. The whole system is very vulnerable to being gained, so to try and add legitimacy by predicting deforestation. More accurately, some red projects employed a piece of Free Software developed by protell though cord jamica ega. The program focused land use changes over time and was designed to measure the specific impact of policy decisions on forested areas. For example, measuring the potential impact of expanding katelyn sway industries in the amazon basin. But as patel to points out, models are used to avert an undesirable outcome and cannot be used to predict feature. We have exclaim, well, dont support, apply visual models to set up baselines. It grows. Deforestation advanced much more on the National Lead on. So if you say, im going back to this region, the difference, its very small because all the drivers of it for station really control it by the political signal that the government pass on paper. It makes sense to make Forest Conservation as lucrative as forest destruction is given that just making deforestation illegal with serious penalties doesnt seem to work anywhere. State corruption, Corporate Law being vested political and business interests, have all meant that. Outlawing deforestation has minimal impact, especially pointless. Red has not been able to develop a market for carbon credits that is robust and actually truly incentivizes forest protection. All of this means that deforestation is on the rise. Just take a look at the stats from brazil alone. New satellite data from brazils National Institute for Space Research shows that more than 3980 square kilometers of the amazon, an area, 2 and a half times the size of bangkok was cleared in the 1st 6 months of 2022. Thats an increase of 10. 6 percent from the Previous Year and the highest figure since 2015 when the institute began