It's true this is. The top story in 5. Tries to get support. And in school it is still here I often live it will be Chelsea on penalties to win this if. This is B.B.C. 5 Live. Feeling starting Good morning Jeremy Corbin set up plans to prevent the U.K. From leaving the E.U. Without a daily labor leader hopes to win a no confidence vote in Boris Johnson become a caretaker prime minister and then call a general election he's written to opposition party leaders and Tory rebels asking for the cooperation from a Conservative M.P. Sarah Wallace to this join the Liberal Democrats she was one of 3 Tory M.P.'s who left in February to form the party which went on to become changed U.K. a Political correspondent is still with them Blake it's not too much of a surprise that she has finally decided to come on board and add one more and pay to the Lib Dems numbers in palm and she says it's a natural home for and it is really the place where I'm pays are going where they can find a natural home to argue enthusiastically that the U.K. Should remain in the European Union 6 people have been arrested in Newcastle on suspicion of murder after a 52 year old man was killed in the city center on Wednesday evening police believe the victim was stabbed researches of fun that tiny particles of plastic are invading seemingly pristine environments a study in the Arctic and in the Swiss and German Alps has shown that leader of melted snow can contain tens of thousands of micro plastic particles scientists say they're washed out of the atmosphere by SNOW Dr Brice lace is one of the scientists involved for us it was kind of a punch to the stomach to see what looked like a normal sea ice core and such a beautiful pristine environment but just chock full of this material which is completely foreign to the environment chicken boxes carry mornings about the dangers of knife crime have been sent to take away is in England and Wales as part of a government campaign Labor says the plan is crude and offensive. League documents show a score of around 55 percent is needed to get an A in this summer's A level math paper set by 2 of the biggest exam boards at Excel and O.C.R. Results are published in England well the Norland later Jeff Barton's from the Association of School and College Leaders all of this talk about rigor and it was almost kind of a matter of talking the government about raising standards and so on means we've got obsessed with making exams harder and harder it's not been good for young people who have been very much destabilized and worried about it and came out in anguish in some cases because the exam felt so hard and it does feel to me as if lessons need to be learned to make sure papers are not too difficult impeach him. And dentists Raskin schools in England to help them fight against tooth decay by removing all sugar from their menus the faculty of dental surgery says figures show that in the past 3 years the condition goals more than 100000 hospital admissions for young children time for the sport now with but he Glover back up goalkeeper and some assigning added and was the hero as Liverpool be Chelsea 5 full on penalties to win the Super Cup and in some Bowl it was one off to 90 minutes his Saudi I'm on a Enjoy genius scoring in extra time making it to old every penalty in the shootout from the back of the net before Tommy Abrahams F. It was saved by address on who was without a club just 2 weeks ago well that save means the Champions League winners lift the Super Cup for the full time in history it was also a good night for Stephanie fractal she became the 1st woman to officiate in a men's major European match. Understands bassline a rail Madrid have made unsuccessful office with P.S.G. Forward Neymar believed to have offered $92400000.00 pounds plus Philip Catania and full meaning then Captain Alec Stewart says Joe for the is a special talent but we can't build him up into something that he isn't yet the weather got in the way of England and Australia 2nd Ashes Test play was abandoned without a ball being bowled despite this pace bowler who was presented with this fast England captaincy I mean that he will make his Test debut this space B.B.C. Radio 5 Live on digital B.B.C. Sound small speak from. The weather Thursday is going to be largely drivers sunny spells might be some showers in the north in the morning but they should clear away as the day as advertised but 70 Celsius B.B.C. Fine line he actually is a bank and I would say. That they're doing great Jags Felix one Jimmy Anderson for an alternative look at the options would you back yourself to take the final cut yet more than football affordable Yeah absolutely. And so far I was. See say he's a sale and just download unsubscribed now using the B.B.C. Sounds actually saying. The this is Telus B.B.C. Radio 5 Live on the coast for us all to watch. This is all for tonight on 5 Live I'm Dalton at a boy and coming up in this out of the program when I've been on the phone lines drug call phone and sunny questions of the natural world told the scientific world in particular to feel free to prose and to doe to call 188-590-9693 which is our phone number 008-085-9096 extension 93 you can text dots and call 185058 you can e-mail go to call up all night at B.B.C. Dot code or you and if you like secure phone number in the email I move call you back and get you in as I could talk to the doctor directly this from one of all business docs a call can you explain to me in dummy lay men's rooms. This kind of terms I like as well what is the main difference between a very and I know it's 3. I know one carries blood from the heart around the body via the lungs and the other reaches about back to the heart but what was different story good morning good morning doctor thought not suddenly remembered realize that we have still got to meet for our inaugural cup of tea some coming over to London in October and in December and I look forward to making you my new B.F. If we have a cup of tea and do you have to do with tea leaves or tea bags while I'm on the green tea at the moment I'm on the green sea but I don't mind the tea bags or loose I don't mind is only playing and how could you Dawson you've got to take place and we'll talk about the group we will bring you to ovals live in Lawton that's a tell me how to have you waiting for the state through nearly 60 years now you know we will get there. And now you say about arteries and veins I said firstly you have just in the skin alone 100000 kilometers of blood vessels know that my skin yes that's 2 no half times around here because the circumference of the earth is 40000 kilometers you have 100000 kilometers of blood vessels and there is the arteries and as you quite rightly said they carry the blood from the hot so the blood from the heart has Firstly lots of oxygen. And secondly it's at a high pressure and so goes from the big fat artery you know the diameter of your finger or you thought depending on how fat your fingers we thought comes from the main artery of the heart there you are and it keeps on spitting in spitting and spitting and it goes from the B. Artery order into smaller after ease and they all get their individual names right he'll break Yoel carotid cetera and then they go into smaller blood vessels which are called here IOS now we're going to back off for a 2nd these are not plastic pops these pipes made by living creatures that have cells in the wards So imagine that you've got a whole bunch of cells and you like them out in a flat sheet so you have told Skinny cells or you have flat cells eventually got some flat cells that flat like a couple studs you lay them out in a flat sheet of a sheet of paper and then you roll it into a cube. And then in most cases you have other structures around them like muscles so they can contract and open up so with regard to the tawny arteries and arterials in your skin on average a few percent open all the way at any given moment and then 5 minutes later a different few percent and in 5 minutes later a different few percent and you only have them all up in the same time when you're in a sauna and sweating or crisis and you have the memory all closed when you've fallen into the North Sea and you're freezing it was a really cold lot or something like that but in general a few percent are open so then the blood goes into the arterials a nigger is into the Kopitar is or the capillaries as the Americans fish we call them now these capillaries capillaries a tricky there 5 Mark runs in diameter a mark on is a millionth of a meta house that well hay is say 50 to 80 Mark rods so they're about 110th of the thickness of a human hair and you can see them with the naked eye so the Peri's are 5 Mark runs in diameter but the blood vessels are there the blood cells the red blood cells this 7 Mark rounds they bigger and have a get in they squash. And that's because they're lastic and after about $120.00 days they lose their US to city get picked up by the split in get recycled no story so they go through the computerese and liquid goes out and then comes back in at the other end and oxygen transfer happens and Scott the hard drives go across and proteins environments a lot of stuff and then you have the collection now it's given up with oxygen it's given up its food and now it's going into a vein heading back towards the AHA is heading back to the OP to successively bigger vides I guess through the Capri than the venue then the little vines each of which have their own name if you're looking anatomy takes book and then finally into the big veins and then finally into the vena cava and then you're the superior vena cava coming into the heart from above the inferi of in a cave a coming from below from your legs and then they go into the heart and then the blood gets pumped up the pressure and the oxygen and relax jetted and this takes a live in seconds so as to lift the hot the air out and in seconds via its back again it's given up its load of nutrients and oxygen so that's the basic difference between the arteries which carry the nutrient rich oxygen wreaks rich bloody blood out of the target organ and the veins which in carried back to the heart to be very top up again. Was strictly speaking in layman's terms in not just layman's terms with lame dummy layman's terms. Rather than dummy the way I think of it is like a 10 year old with a sense of curiosity but no knowledge at all about anything in the world without it without any astronomy. So it's the people who have a sense of astronomy curiosity his work the people who would you name your road next. Door The 10 year old 10 year olds now you know how clever they're getting their A level results that runs the day in just a few hours trust me any time of year the poor things go through their exams 10 year olds. Are simply for the poor things and I think it's kind of unfair but we'll talk about them other time yeah it's true that I would say this might be a leading question you know from Stuart who is in central Scotland I was expected to say well what's new this is particularly leading I think but could be wrong don't call reports from Russia suggest that an accident involving the testing of a missile engine resulted in the release of radiation where would the radiation come from I am very curious about that myself. So. On one hand in the fifty's and sixty's the Americans tried to build a nuclear powered plane on the grounds that it could keep on flying indefinitely. Now there were a few problems with that firstly the nuclear reactors of the day were very heavy and needed a lot of shielding so they didn't and I care what is cut back on the shielding and have in their own only main then think of having women how unfair past their peak fertility who don't mind getting a bit of cancer and will give them a bit of a higher than normal righty ation does and they never actually meant he judged to get a nuclear powered plane to fly there is a book on this as a fictional book is called steam the steam not the stuff that comes out your kettle bird thing the flaws of that book is a fascinating book and it is a fictional version of how they managed to get a nuclear power plant a flaw in all of things going on with it then a year or 2 ago the. Boss of Russia called a city a president or prime minister or is they've heard of a lot they've got a president and a prime minister but President Putin became the prime minister for inside because the Constitution didn't allow him to be the president forever and then after being prime minister for time he came back as president again so him and the Prime Minister's what jobs are a few years but is president is all about. Says a President Putin will win his promise a few years ago came forward with a whole lot of statements about enhanced military capabilities of the subject of Russia one of them was about hop a sonic air or craft and hop a sonic basically means 5 kilometers per 2nd and up whole different ballpark when you're dealing with a vehicle a miss all travelling at one kilometer a 2nd. Versus far of kilometers a 2nd and in a normal commercial flight you're doing one kilometer every 4 seconds so it's a whole different ball park 5 kilometers a 2nd 20 times faster very difficult to deal with and there was a bit of an upset earlier this year on that so various countries around the world astride the United States cetera Russia they're all working on Hop a Sonic and what they could do is get a hypersonic plaintiff lawyer hops on it vehicle to fly but the drag was so great you know because it pushing through the air at 5 kilometers a 2nd they could achieve only one or 2 seconds of where the propulsion was greater than the drag and see one or 2 seconds yet that's all they could do and then suddenly this year the Chinese came out and said that men should do it for 5 minutes and everybody got heaps scared and instead of trying to throw a lot of money at Hopper Sonic's and the other thing the president Prime Minister Putin said was We will have all we have nuclear powered vehicles it wasn't clear with. Or aircraft they can stay in the air definitely indefinitely that's what he said now there's what he said we have no proof that such a vehicle exists now we've had a report that there has been a radiation leak from a vehicle which is appears to be amiss also doesn't have humans in it now was it a regular miss all with a nuclear warhead then crashed while testing it releasing the right activity or was it a nuclear powered missile at the moment we got nothing and there's a person call Sweeney or Sweeting or something of that who works in this advanced nation British writer and also Jane's aviation He works for them as well whatever he says I'll go along with all of the expert but I'm very curious about that as well I'd like to see what is going 108-085-9096 extension 93 that's a number if you'd like to pose a question from the natural world or science to Dr call directly as Steven in Leeds is doing Good morning Stephen molding good as we. I welcome to say than. Sorry that was Dr Caldwell Esselstyn sides that Ami Oh my God it's like Dr Stephen as we call you Stephen if things fine have called question about Hubble constant. Has a scientist has measured it seen 3 different ranges measured against the culture Mark Weiss backgrounds as against distant graph galaxies have relatively in a Galaxy S. And they keep coming up with 3 different values for the Hubble constant and the more data points thing may make it coming up with. More accurate results still saying different values for the Hubble constant. Memory is yes and I think it's obvious why autos Yes and not taking into account General Relativity. And how if you know a whole Jewing the universe. Just will do his complicated. Talking going old to do it clocks general relativity states that the further you are in the gravitational field explode the clocks run. It for you with yeah you had a saying is. When you look further and further away you're looking for them further back in sign. Because you're looking for them further back in time you're looking at then see even if a all the characters were closer together. And when you're looking at the customer are quite back around absolutely to the speck in time you can look so it's the closest together everything is sold as one of running a rather trauma field. Of aggressive right so the Hubble Culson $0.50 a constant. Rod OK that's my points Rod say OK so you. Would have agreed with you 2 weeks ago but now it doesn't. Because a gardner because a 11 make set me stright OK. I want to know process well. OK Brian Schmidt OK you know he discovered 70 percent of the universe you know the expanding universe you know the dark engine that makes it expand faster than before and he makes it work on through. It make great want to . Believe it exists. Just again the killing effects of general relativity. Let me say categorically having spoken with people whose whole lot is general to Vittie that you're wrong in their living let me try to lay one thing on you ready for this day we're going to blow your model ready for OK go ahead now the background you know about conservation of energy so you playing belittle pools and you line up you got the Billy bowls the same saws and you bang with the cue and the ball takes off site 10 kilometers per hour and here's another ball and that ball then you know N. G.'s transfer conservation of energy you lose a little bit in the collision and take up a sign 1.9 kilometers per 2nd or something like that you're with me. And with the ACA are found this out. To not succumb to I'm doing a new show called The Color of electrons will be presenting in London shortly in a car but it goes like this OK conservation of energy now he comes the statements going to blow your mind and I didn't even know this conservation of energy does not hold in general relativity just think about that. Conservation of Energy does not haul on the general relativity of your general relativity situation you can have $1000000000.00 ball coming in at 10 kilometers a 2nd and all it does is run only into another 1000000000 ball which can take off at a 1000 kilometers per 2nd and that is allowed in general relativity and will blow your mind the moment doesn't float my mind yeah really more than you can have you play billiards and you put a certain amount of energy in the ball and it takes over 10 kilometers a 2nd it's another ball which then takes over a 1000 kilometers a 2nd. So the point is that. No you know certainly the Poles know Same exact same ball you know conserving mentum and energy does not have to be conserved in general to Vittie isn't amazing So firstly speaking to people whose whole lot is studying general to Vittie unlike me who just breeze where I can and we completely have I say and have talked with these traumas that I have taken account of all of those effects in measuring the Hubble Constant So let me just talk for a little bit about the Hubble constant so the Hubble constant is relating to how quickly the fabric of space time is expanding so think about getting a cake in you got some and has some raisins in it and you put it in the oven and it all expands and expands and the dough expands and moves father parts billowing out of the top of the coffee in the Cake Tin carrying the rice ins with it. So instead of rises have galaxies and instead of the the pastry have the fabric of space time the fabric of space time is expanding at roughly 70 Killis kilometers per 2nd for every 3 roughly 3000000 light years so if you go and observe the universe 3000000 light years away and you find a galaxy there it Pete is to be moving away from his on average at 70 kilometers 2nd but it's not actually moving across the fabric of space time is not plowing through the dog the dough he's carrying it with the fabric of space time is expanding with it and carrying it with