Put a raincoat on the soil and so you have massive amounts of water that are running off collecting gullies and channels and then started to mobilize really large material like boulders coals and even large trees and then they travel down as a rubble wall to reason may will announce plans later to eliminate all avoidable plastic waste by 2042 His bones are the government's 25 year proposals on improving the environment but campaigners say they won't fit for purpose this Hutchins' is from friends of the earth I want the prime minister to say that she's going to get the country on track to tackling climate change which means banning fracking ending you call it struction actually pasting renewable energy including onshore wind energy it's understood a man whose body was found buried in a garden in Greater Manchester was allegedly killed by his daughter Police say a woman went into a police station and still police at the weekend and confessed the remains are thought to be those of Kenneth Coombs he was in his eighty's the chancellor Philip Hammond has urged e.u. Leaders to lose thoughts of punishing the u.k. For breaks it and instead make it clear what they want from a future relationship in a speech to business leaders in Berlin he said the e.u. Should come up with a bespoke free trade deal the head of the Berlin Stock Exchange official believes that's unlikely we come back to is a famous word let's have the cake and eat it I'm a member of a group which deals with this practice it in the preparation for it and we're more and more come to the conclusion that it will be a heartbreak that when it comes to financial services Donald Trump says the u.s. Could be persuaded to rejoin the Perrys climbers who quote if a better deal can be agreed for his country he says he's only against environmental measures which damage American interests. Michael Douglas has denied a claim of improper sexual conduct 30 years ago before it's been made public he said he wanted to get ahead of things before a story was published he made the denial in an interview for the entertainment Web site Deadline Hollywood its legal editor is Dominic person Michael Douglas who can open a crowd of people in the public eye will be open about his truck coming I think it will right here he grew line of I'm being accused of something that I didn't do and that's what he's saying he's saying he did not do this he is saying many years previously Cory being told that there's information went out to the media and the media sort of took it right away a French police are hunting 2 members of again that's next jewelry worth millions of pounds from the Ritz Hotel in Paris 3 people were arrested as they tried to run away as the news now this bought them jealousy an arsenal will go into the 2nd leg of their a.f.l. Cup semifinal with all to play for after the 1st leg of Stanford Bridge finished goalless the video assistant referee was used for the 2nd time in competitive English football during the game which saw Arsenal captain Jack Wilshere go off with a sprained ankle he's now adults for their next match with Bournemouth also confirmed midfielder Francis Coghlan is leaving the club and is close to completing a move to Valencia only 3 Ashes players have been dropped by England for the tour of New Zealand in March Gary balance Jake ball and Tom current lose their places in the squad while Lancashire bouts mainly in Livingston gets a 1st test call up Ben Stokes is included though his involvement remains subject to any relevant legal or disciplinary developments and I'm you can says he plans to become a world champion again after confirming he'll return to the ring in April the Bolton boxer hasn't fought since losing in a knockout to Canelo Alvarez in May 2016 but a signed a 3 fight deal with promoter Eddie her his opponent will be announced next week this is b.b.c. 5 live in digital form on the smartphone and sa but the weather and low cloud and patchy rain. Will linger in the east overnight for the west they'll be simply a spells allowing frost in some dense form clutches to foam blows overnight have to do a sound fizzy morning will be dry aside from some patchy rain in the east fog will gradually left Scotland will see the best of the sunshine highs of 8 degrees Celsius new drama from the creator of. Calm you say we could find us Yeah their families are in the u.k. On digital and online and Roger Sharpe and we're up all night at this time of year who do you congratulate for struggling and to work this morning with a heavy cold or worse the I'm sure a car just as no one but 2 out of 3 of us do what book I call present 2 years I'm damages production they say and more to the point as a good chance to prosecute ever they've got to you and particularly cop praise this behavior and flu ridden January Public Health England says that hospitalize ation rates for flu are 2 and a half times what they were last year I hope that if that should you listening at your hospital bed they feel better very very soon. Well is happy pleasure to welcome Dr Carole Hello Dr Carole Hello Dr Arden how absolutely fabulous to be with you again it's great now where are you this week are you uncertain it. Being relieved at least able This year I'm here in Sydney or will be doing a one month one week tour in Malaysia the government has asked me to speak to schools and universities there and then there's something in Mongolia to bit later this year but right now for the not foreseeable future I'm with you how very interesting what are you going to do in Mongolia. Never want to go there wondering around looking at this strange country Saud and from Mongolia came Ganga's Khan and gangs come on to build the largest land empire in ever known in the history of the world killed one in every non people on earth that was a huge and bad thing to do and the follow on is that he had this huge empire and 8 percent of all Miles in Asia. And me as well Kerry gang is Condi and I was over some of his d.n.a. So he went all the way from the Pacific coast of China through Viet Nam and Korea and the subcontinent of India and Pakistan and all of the stands and I just found out the other day that Kazakstan is the 9th biggest country by surface area on Earth and then through the Middle East and across Turkey and Greece and into Middle Europe where he then Dawud and he stopped and left some of his d.n.a. Behind in me and so I've been always fascinated by Mongolia and that combined with the romance of it combined it with the. Donna saw findings of the dinosaur bones of the Funny that makes me want to go they say I'm going there now I'm going to take the train which may or may not be pressurised to debate or as the locals call it tip it just so I can go up there and see if I but what there is to see I just want to check it out as to see very good very good well we begin with. One of your one of your stories I was always have such fun when you send us a little list every week people and a trade secret you tell us you send a little list of the things that really interested you and I thought this is all sort of settled science the business of sunblock and you if anyone ought to know about it. Yes it's well firstly I deliberately used the wrong name is not some bloke is more like a screen so I think of a flaw a screen which keeps the flaws on one side and let's see it through well some screen will stop some or most of the u.v. Getting through but not all of it. So it comes in various grades of 251051 Guess I'll probably even go higher there's not a huge amount of difference between them is very important here in Australia because it is trial left $700.00 people die of skin cancer caused by the sun every year and if you're looking at humans in this trial yeah reaching the age of $72.00 out of every 3 have a skin cancer growing on them both on the go to 70. So hugely high number to have. The sunscreen is there to block out ultraviolet So the nasty sort of ultraviolet really nasty one is u.v. C causes cancer like crazy Luckily it doesn't get through the atmosphere you the bee gets through pretty well. Some is blocked and it gets in the top layer of your skin and can cause cancers and sunburn and then you the sea will assure you the ice Henri will get really well through the atmosphere and penetrate deep in the skin and cause various cancers and so what you want is a sunscreen that is resistant to. Uva and u.v.b. Goes under the name of broad spectrum and is also good for 3 or 4 hours of water resistance in case you Swit Now they tell you that you're supposed to put on sunscreen a few maybe 20 minutes before hand in the sun and then put another coat on and the reason that's been given is that apparently it off on this a little bit we're going to take this up further with a dermatologist that the skin has bumps in it ups and downs and the sunscreen has to flow. Into the little grooves to get proper contact but don't quite get that old thought if it was just floating above a group it would still say absorbs a lot the lot which then gets back to what is this stuff made of both these 2 talks they both have an emulsion some sort of oil and water and if you pay more money it'll be perf umed and made of squashed up dinosaurs or something exotic I don't know but it's just some sort of oil and then you got 2 choices are the you absorb the ultra volatile you reflect it if you absorb it this is an organic chemical with carbon atoms in it and it turns the ultraviolet into heat and a very small number of people in double blind studies. Shot to say that they actually can feel the heat the extra heat over and above the heat of the sun from the ultraviolet light getting to an into heat but there's only a few percent of those and so one sort of some block absorbs the ultraviolet and turns it into heat and the other sort of has a metallic particles like zinc or titanium and it reflects the ultraviolet away and there's not much difference between the 30 in the 50 because the 30 reduces the amount of ultraviolet landing on your skin for a few hours down. To 130th of what originally was. And then that gets down to 3.3 percent of the ultraviolet in the air actually makes it through the skin if you get is 50 that's 2 percent so the difference between 3.3 percent s.p.f. Sun protection factor 30 and 50 it's 2 percent to 3.3 percent 2 percent the difference between those 2 numbers 1.3 percent is not huge so if you have some sort of sunscreen and British people or people from Europe when they come to Australia are astonished by the ferocity of our sun. We have a very high use the index which is a u.v. Index of one means you got $25.00 it's actually go to number $25000000.00 watts of out of all that power per square meter and it just goes up as high as you want so you The One is that you the 375 many watts anything above you the 3 you're going to get burnt and you go to stop putting on a sun screen and people from Europe are not accustomed to the ferocity of a sun which is fresh for 2 reasons one when the the Arctic. And bubbles of ozone depleted air lift over from the sea of seas come drifting over us Secondly we're very dry continent so there's not a lot of water vapor in here and the water vapor can absorb the ultraviolet So for the last few days the u.v. Index is up in 3 but 15 so the warning 20 Europeans or anybody come to Australia check on the sun block and in effect the thing used to be slip stop and slip which is slip on a t. Shirt slop on the sun block slip slop and slap slap on the head I guess and then now they've changed they've added 2 more as is which is is for seek some shade in the last this is for Sunday losses and you can in fact damage your eyes by exposing them to the high ultraviolet levels that exist here in Australia so look like an international movie Hollywood movie star with sunglasses when you're just writing thank you for oh well it's time for us to get busy if you'd like to talk to us and to Dr Carl you need only dial. 5 It was sorry 590-9693. Text. Girlies. 5 o 5 a I can't process these 2 numbers in fact it was 85050 text and up all night the b.b.c. Don't see or don't you for your e-mail anyway calling us on the phone is bad who is calling us from Liverpool hello by Hello. Yes. The call just a quick question me well the covert. Sky News also the b.b.c. About the plastics around the world on 3 basic questions Number one is obvious. How is the plastics affecting the great body reef also the Australian Sure line like your beach is a Number 3 is to put a levy on your kind of August. Ok So number one I don't know how the plastic is affecting the Great Barrier Reef the main thing affecting the Great Barrier Reef is the warming so we had an El Nino in the early eighty's and we've had lots of El Ninos and none of them caused bleaching then in 9988 there was the 1st film in years of course the bleaching and since then we've gone from no bleaching with them Nino's to bleaching with every El Nino to bleaching with Elin you know and on each side of it as will combine with that is another threat to the reef which is the massive industrial agricultural run off into the reef from a culture on land and the plastics I do not know there is a plastics problem in the whole world you know trouble is that some of the chemicals in the plastics act as. Analogs or copies of female hormones which tend to change the gender balance in the fish I want to know that. Can Change 6 change gender from one to the other. And this is causing a problem a little diversion here the heat in the Great Barrier Reef has caused the turtles to start being 99 percent of all one gender so it's humans the 6 is determined at conception but with turtles it's not the heat of the moment it's the heat of the after moment or the changing there so with the beaches. I'll go for a walk on the beach every 2nd day and I normally pick up bits of plastic. It's not huge there are places where it's really bad does a government have a living on plastic bags no but they have in New South Wales at least brought back the levy on containers such a bottle plastic bottles glass bottles. And now I'm in Cannes and so already I'm seeing. People beginning to recycle is just early days that people haven't quite realize they get money back for recycling them all crazy Ok Ok what about something called focal problem by the way face flushed but I may say oh I love that thank you very much I'm sure you're not actually being charged for plastic bags yet mind you . Has a somewhat patchy record doesn't the government and the environment seems to swing wildly from lots of activism to not none at all. Excellent summary. Follow the Mrs Gandy which is Be the change so in my previous suburb where I used to live. I would for many many years go round picking up dog poo off the streets in little plastic bags and then give the proceeds in tournaments out and chuck it down the toilet and after about 10. People began to pick up their own dog who and now as they do with me but now every pocket their little plastic bag dispenses they can catch the dog prune do something good with it Trouble is it is plastic like this let me just we are stand up I say I love plastics as long to hard core reusable materials so you can get plastics of the strong enough to make silos out of to make tar ropes out of and that's a fine use but to get these wonderful material and then to use it once and then throw it away such a waste. Struthers patchy. I thought I had the plastic bag explained the way a couple weeks ago by somebody who said you realize that when you put your rubbish into a plastic bag you're creating a little a little greenhouse for our stuff and of course that the lid on the screen House goes on and on forever so you're making a little kind of organic bar whereas. This is not an easy thing I mean I I speak as one who's so wraps my rubbish in plastic because we're also supposed to do with it you know otherwise a Ben won't touch it that's that is correct we need changes and that they are coming I do remember as a kid that people would throw away rubbish they would toss the head of a car window that they would smoke secrets of the beach and leave them in the sand and now they don't and the same with a dog who so maybe we need some sort of special pipe Ah that is tough for $24.00 days a couple days a couple weeks and then begins to degrade their abaya degradable plastics but they degrade only the ones that are seen in broad sunlight continuous for a few weeks and you check on the ground they'll outlast the Pyramids it is something that we need to approach I do want the approach of Germany with a multiple different cut tops of colored glass. We've been using the usable bags for smug shopping for the last decade or so. Gradually this is Saudi will become better we have to do something and we are doing it to Mr . Bannon harsh. Has been reading the Guardian and The Guardian is saying that scientists are predicting a big upsurge in the number of ass critics bigger earthquakes because of tiny slowing of the Earth's spin are you aware of this have you any thoughts on it for Ben. Yes but amazing coincidence or wrote this is a story from my p.c. Show so if you look up Dr Carl it put it into a search engine a.b.c. Dot a car and earthquake you'll find the story that our wrote on it I'm trying to think what the heck it was about rotation of the earth that's right the rotation of the earth changes ever so slightly on a Sokal of I think there are 3 of them every 40 years or so so. Starting with the structure you got the crust of the top which is very thin like a sheet of paper wrapped around a soccer ball and then you've got the mantle which is sort of molten gloopy rock. Which isn't liquid used to think it was legal because it's sort of solid rock but because of pressure and heat it can flow very slowly over a long time scales and then underneath that 2 bowls of on one side the other the other one liquid you know one solid and the in the bowl of solid on wobbles it is not a perfect sphere it actually bulges a bit on one saw drive the other symmetrical it might even be melting on one side and solidifying of freezing on the other and and this we did it doesn't spin it exactly the same right at the surface of the earth you know one rotation every 24 hours and so these asymmetries the rotation speed the shape are related we think to fairly regular walls in the. Solid in a core which can change the length of the day but only only by a few milliseconds. And then how does that then relate to earthquakes were a couple of American geologist Dr Rebecca bendy can Dr Roger Bilham discovered another sock in the about 32 years along with the length of the day reaches a minimum. And then a few yeas after the link for the day has reached the minimum then you get a bunch of big u.s. Quakes maint $107.00 or above and this is a bit and we're heading into that window now so the use is going through this regular softly of long day shorter days and with. 5 to 10 you being that far the window after 75 years we're looking if the last 3 sample periods indicative of the future more magnitude 7 earthquake so go to my b c home page and read the full article with accompanying references as well I thank you let's take a question from New York who joins us from Blackburn Hello Neo Money Money dot com . We're going to still see worse be too late to be anxious because of the new well no such I wish results Oh yes Ok Anything can it right just remember this article and surely we're going to night short as well yeah it's a little We're very lucky to have a story still like questions about still the last couple days of the u.k. You know quite a. Saga missed it on another. Big Morning Edition to think missed if I may ask of the I want to drop a little simple and also I'll visit. I'll lose it so why does the 4th. Why does it go away for the hour Ok so this will goes back to water an