With a couple of small unfurnished rooms houses patients from all over the country. Across the lot just a metal gate is the men's section for more though. This is where the 250 male patients are kept mostly changes and highlights I don't know . Their age ranges from 14 to over 80 years old and they come from different walks of life. That don't work that one will you release me or what time. The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979 the Afghan fighters known as the Mujahideen battled against the Soviet forces leading to their withdrawal in 1900 this was the start of a 10 year long civil war leading to the rise of the Taliban who continue their bloody insurgency to display the unity. Conference to find extraordinary sight I find myself standing no more than a few steps away from 2 former enemies now chained together to form a Taliban fighter and his opponent and I just. It's just when I grow up thinking we don't have any I did try to quit for just taking a leisure only walk in the crowded courtyard the 2 arch enemies take careful synchronize steps to avoid tripping over the tank that connects them with a little bit of a cell phone while the urge to hold another one of them is almost not covered other than the Taliban are very good people they are in the manner of a slum that's rubbish but I don't like the Taliban. They are right because in part of the erosion of a strong one people that you guys are you are so in Panish people for doing the same thing you are crazy you don't know what you're talking about no I'm not crazy I'm perfectly fine with that much about us as an overbearing layers of loose fitting rags to keep gold they too have been paired since the day they were brought in about a year ago both men are middle aged fathers with great Stoppel and short receding hairline the former Taliban fighter is a couple of inches shorter and appears more heavy when standing next to the tall bony figure of the former judge it might dawn there were some like that look I have been shot here when the Americans the former Taliban fighter unexpectedly lifts up his top and his bulging stomach he shows me a scar as big as his head one can record it is a very good and they also marks for a man in my son but in my time I have shot and killed 4 of them and washed up dishwasher. When you were with the Taliban you were as a bit like them you would kill innocent people in and cause all sorts of while and say against them I really don't like to. Try to drive in the face of it for 2 men would appear complete opposites but to actually connect that by more than just the chain they're both victims of trauma from war which has led to serious long term psychological illness. On. Record to be ricochets Connery not merely some of our patients were brought in by their families are those who are found and collected from the streets and their few who have learning difficulties. To my surprise the human does not have a full time psychiatry just saw it relies on the outside help of doctors. The units visiting psychiatry is. Not the facilities here are basic There are only 15 members of staff to take care of all the patients none of them medically trained dressed in black from head to toe Dr Sandra Lee qualified as a psychiatry only 3 years ago while Metro got river just imagine there is me against 300 patients how can I possibly attend to all of that I cannot I'm not able to specially that I work in a private clinic outside off air as well. Nearly 40 years of war in Afghanistan has claimed over 2000000 civilian lives and the cost to the nation's mental health has been enormous. According to the World Health Organization 3 quarters of Afghan women and more than half the men suffer from mental health issues. Liberals are before. This one used to be very bad in the 1st few days but now he's treated and really to be this Josh doctors point out a pretty young man peeling potatoes in the kitchen all of them are. Alerted. When the Taliban attack my home town by me on I was only 6 or 7 years old at the time we had heard of the Taliban's mass murders kill so many people even innocent little kids it was terrifying we were all very scared. Jeff at 22 also a patient here helps out in the kitchen a gentle and shy young man it's hard to believe that not long ago depression and schizophrenia had led to him becoming violent. That will reconvene and I had become very aggressive and kept getting into big physical fights and my family was fed up with me. That was 3 years ago when he last saw his family before they brought him here in Germany and when I 1st arrived here I didn't know where I am or why it took about a month for it to sink in that I'm actually in a madhouse. Was armed guards out of the secure psychiatric institute as war continues in much of the country the demand for Mental Health care is also skyrocketing. With stuffy corridors pale blue walls and the ways covered with floral blankets This is the psychiatric unit in the city's main hospital. Room for all of you. Who are here together with one of you're going to. Come here to meet Dr Van He knows that his psychology is too much $33.00 is the man in charge he's tall and slim with dark features and a receding hairline I'm about the more useful for the more explosions and trauma I see in the society to beat it I become to continue work in God I myself have witnessed many of the traumas of the war I grew up with air strikes and war all around me I even witnessed a few suicide attacks right before my youngest my. High demand that a shortage of staff in a traumatized society makes being a mental health professional a very challenging role in Afghanistan. I tolerate many risks I often have to deal with very difficult patients like terrorists Taliban fighters and warlords but I don't want the love that I have for my people makes all these risks and challenges seem insignificant to me I truly love my job and I just want to help my people. It's. For many of the afternoon patients traumatic events have been a big part of their lives like this 14 year old girl who has developed psychological problems Sasha. There that's. What our society is very conservative and Afghans are very traditional people and they would prefer to go see any mom or other spiritual leaders rather than come see a professional for help. Dr knows that tries to hide his frustration by looking away as he tells me that this young girl like many of his other patients have been taken to move to poor spiritual leaders before being proved here for professional help as a last resort. The alternative treatments are mostly superstition often people with no expertise pretend to have divine powers and they take advantage of the misled common people which is followed by tragic consequences . Social taboos around mental health make it difficult to get patients through that that's why Dr Newshour takes every opportunity to reach out to the public. A part of Dr knows that outreach program is a weekly trucking group therapy open to the public. It's an opportunity for more people to get help and education about mental health is free and has been running for yes. Right after the sign. Is a trained counsellor and volunteers to run decisions He's an athletic 24 year old and wears a black leather jacket on top of his checkered shirt and casual jeans. Lots of people in Afghanistan are suffering from mental health problems our people need help and if people like me don't try to do something then thank. Forfar Hart who always maintains a strong facade Oh this is very close to his heart my God that I myself have lost my brother in a suicide attack he died with his head rested right here on my chest. On the 1st of August 2017 to ISIS members walked into the Herald's Shia mosque all jabbered year and opened fire on 300 washers gathered for evening prayers. They finally detonated their suicide vests leaving dozens injured and $38.00 people dead including 4 hearts teenage brother was saying was that. This was. Tempered you know of them of the good cosign was only 18 years old because he was preparing for university. He always used to say so far hard I want to become a doctor just like you. Thought maybe a counselor but he's also one of Dr news that's patience since the attack he has also been suffering from p.t.s.d. Post traumatic stress disorder and increasingly common condition amongst Afghanistan's war ravaged population he thinks they shut it off on it goes through the highs of my p.t.s.d. My errors were ringing my brain kept hanging I couldn't walk I couldn't talk couldn't focus on anything generally I had no idea what was going on around me all I kept saying was her saying or saying I was saying. Father's driving through the rundown streets of Herat crowded with mostly men working children and a few faceless women covered in blue back and we're heading to the source of his p.t.s.d. The Jabba Dmowski where the terrorist attack took his brother away 4 months ago. They ma'am are still there when you. Get around the corner from the mosque there outside the local corner shop across the road from far hearts house. A little more than that on that night I had come here to buy some groceries for them I was just entering the shop when I heard the loud continuous gunfire it was so loud that I ran inside and crouched down for cover and then I heard the 1st explosion and my heart sank the 1st thing that came to my mind was my brother was a person the same thing. As we walked to the mosque $500.00 points at the sorrowful locals. And I mean my heart and I know how much every single person in this neighborhood has lost somebody and that. I'm standing on Hofburg carpets bullet marks on the was half the ceiling has gone and out most of the windows are no longer windows they're just a wall to even get insight I had to go through 2 heavy metal doors newly built. Well if there's a dog looking for them. I run into the burning mosque and there were lots of body parts scattered on. Hoth bodies missing legs heads and intestines pouring out there was a human flesh and blood splashed everywhere. I didn't know where to look then I found the same right after he found his brother left underneath. The stealing that had fallen on him and then he had to pull whatever that was left of his body to carry him outside. On the lawn soon but as we were waiting for the ambulance to arrive outside he was resting his head right here on my chest right here like this. When we got to the hospital they told me that he had already passed despite being advised not to by doctor nor for heart comes here every day I ask him why not go to a different mosque for a while to make coping easier. We'll say no because this place smells like Hussein you know saying that he loved this place where he much it all becomes too overwhelming for him. That he doesn't. The explosion at least some people put some money not only to reconstruct it but she added to the and this is exactly what everybody's trying to do here this spite everything they keep trying and there they keep going on. I told myself that I must recover I must get well soon so that I can help other people who are suffering from the same things as me. Unlike most Afghans Fahadh has been seeking professional psychological help. Back in the men's section of the secure psychiatric institution their residence as calibrating a very special day for a fellow patient. It's a good day for Jaffa the potentially 22 year old who was brought here by his family 3 years ago today he's finally going home. As a surfer will this isn't the one I was living with us and I'm so happy and I'm looking forward to getting back to my life and finding the john. Jeffers father with a scarf wrapped around his head and a spunky wrinkled skin evidence of years of hard labor work has made the 800 kilometer journey from Kabul to collect his son Dr so I know time to look I resumed the Carl about picking up I had completely lost. Thank God my son has treated me and has his mind big I am so happy to be taking my son my job for whom. You. Have. Jeff or takes his fair steps outside. He's lucky that he has someone to pick him up he is a war has meant that many of the patients families have either died or left for neighboring countries and cannot be contacted. Much like Dr Saad Juki the unit psychiatry's tells me more realistic and in the 1st and we actually have a few patients were treated and are ready to be destroyed but when they have no one who can I handed over to some of my patients should not be here but there are. You know. With no family to take care of them this means that despite being treated and ready to be discharged some patients have to remain at the institute. At the local football stadium Dr news art father and I have come to watch a game together. Seen these players went around today it's easy to forget the stadiums dark past the public execution ground during the reign of the Taliban from the 1996 to 2001 doctor knows that tells me that. On the surface I remember this one time I was sitting right there watching there was this woman who had 6 outside of marriage she was taken right in the center of the field and a Taliban member shot her in the head back then this place would get so packed that people would climb up the surrounding trees for a good view shock that even Dr knew that used to be a regular audience at the executions faher casually tells me that back then with all the restrictions that the Taliban had imposed people had very little to do so witnessing the execution has become a thrilling hobby for him and many other Afghans. After he was given his duty cycle one of my boldest memories as that I had come have on my little bike to watch a thief saves a kitchen. They talked as hand and threw it up in the air what was really shocking is that the hand was a still moving even after they had landed. A harrowing memory test Fahadh has not been able to get out of his head I asked afternoon what long term effects to think witnessing such sights would have on a child was a lot more than. Some of that. Terrible effects in fact we are still witnessing the effects to this day that this would make an individual a very like you to develop conditions such as p.t.s.d. Or depression and when people are exposed to constant violence they lose their empathy. The game is now finished and the players have agreed to let me fathom Dr knows our Have a quick kick around with them telling us this is so hard to believe that these 2 companies go with these to do what I used to come and watch them here but now they're now just like oh here. We are. Seeing the scale of the problem it's hard to imagine how and when this country will heal. But there is hope the effect of the recent decades of more on people's mental health is being recognized and some help given within the last decade like with the psychiatric unit that Harris general hospital it's clear that many Afghans are determined that they and their country will overcome the trauma after all. I think. This program was presented and produced by me and for the b.b.c. World Service assignment. Everything. You're listening to the b.b.c. World Service where our series The 3 Pillars of Trump continues President Trump made health care one of his priority and see over the places of the urgency and of seeing officially right now it is an emergency it's a visual of urgency but his critics say he's not doing enough to call something an emergency and then to do nothing about it says Europe pointing to a burning building and then you don't call the fire department and watch it burn down our series exploring president Trump's impact on 3 major pillars of government concludes with his response to a public health crisis families don't need to hear excuses from government and they don't need to hear bickering from gov and they don't need to hear Democrat or Republican from government because drugs don't care the cure you just say the 3 pillars of Trump at b.b.c. World Service dot com slash documentaries. I'm Gareth Mitchell with technology this half hour here on the b.b.c. World Service today one of the world's best known technology universities pledges to revolutionize humankind's understanding of itself and therefore how to get the best out of artificial intelligence the algorithms they say are still too firmly rooted in the past we're also looking at cloning specifically cloning out own voices and we talk visual effects with the supervisor of Blade Runner 2049 that's quick on b.b.c. News Israel says it's carried out a wave of air strikes on air defenses and Iranian targets in Syria after Damascus said as it brought down an Israeli fighter jet it is also in released a cockpit video it says shows an unmanned Iranian drone being intercepted and shot down Syria and Iran in our allies have denied the drone entered Israeli territory the United Nations says what it called the storing violence and bloodshed in Syria must be stopped last week was one of the bloodiest weeks in the 7 year conflict North and South Korea have completed together for the 1st time at the Olympics a joint women's ice hockey team to consummate Solent just hours after the North Korean leader invited the South Korean president to Pyongyang for talks at least 18 people have been killed after a double decker bus overturned in Hong Kong pictures and social media show the vehicle on its side with the roof torn off. Tanzania says it's pulling out of a u.n. Program which helps refugees build new lives in the countries where their hosted Tanzania current They host more than $300000.00 people Donald Trump has defended his decision to block the Democrats' response to a Republican to a Republican intelligence memo that the president claimed vindicated him in the probe into Russian election interference the Democrats say the response is needed because the original document is misleading the u.s. Sees special monitoring mission in eastern Ukraine says not a single day has passed without a violation of the Minsk cease fire deal since it was signed in 2014 is that last year alone there were more than 400000 violations several 100 people have defied a ban and protests and gathered in the Thai capital Bangkok to call for national elections they army which took control 4 years ago has promised a fresh vote but has kept pushing back the date b.b.c. News. Hello I'm Doris Mitchell And this is our world technology program click today better artificial intelligence cloning our voices and how to build a replicant for the big screen Yes I'm chatting to the Oscar nominated visual effects behind the latest Blade Runner movie and I tell you what Mr Bill Thompson is back are you a replicant this is a test designed to provoke emotional response I built a record to this is not a cloud voice I am the Bill Thompson Wow Hello Gareth asked will pay extra for that yeah it's good to have you back Bill so 1st let's get a better idea these days of how babies learn and how even at the age of Wharton a child's brain is way more powerful than the highest end computer Now that's a cup of the aspirations at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as it launches intelligence Quest is a huge initiative in human and machine intelligence we're going to hear a bit more from 2 of those who are behind it let's start with Daniela Ross who is director of MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab 1st of all Daniela What's the idea behind intelligence Quest and also the point why now. So intelligent Quest aims to develop the science and engineering of intelligence by connecting you know scientists and computer scientists and I would say that the science and engineering of intelligence is one of the most profound challenges we have today because understanding intelligence will give us the knowledge to understand ourselves and to create machines that will support us in cognitive and physical work and that this is really extraordinary excit