Ili freestone are getting the right support after a sexual assault can be hard but it can make a huge difference to how you cope with the trauma and it can really improve the chances of convicting the attacker So South Africa has set up one stop centers where people can go to report to write and get the help they need and it offers 2 kinds of services to make sure that. It's physically unhealthy and then for forensic examination to gather the necessary evidence they also have specialized sexual offenses courts where everything's designed with the victim in mind the person who was sitting with me treated me like her own daughter she comforted me every time I cried and asked me if I needed anything we look at the difference the system is making people fix in the world after the b.b.c. News. B.b.c. News I'm Joshua there's been scathing criticism of a compromise deal reached at the u.n. Climate summit in Madrid delegates and environmental campaigners called it an after failure blaming some of the most polluting nations for holding back decisive action the marathon talks only agreed that wealthier nations would come up with more ambitious plans to cause emissions by the end of next year small island nations were particularly critical Tina stage is climate envoy for the Marshall Islands right now and asked if. I feel like much much more could have been done. I'm. Thinking about how I'm going to go home and explain that this is a really really challenging process especially for the. Island States and other developing nations. The president of Zambia go along says his government has asked the United States to withdraw its ambassador after the diplomat criticized the jailing of 2 men for being in a gay relationship Daniel Foote said he was horrified last month when a judge sentenced the man to 15 years in prison Well Leonardo reports this growing diplomatic row between Zambia and the United States centers on vastly divergent us choose towards homosexuality reacting to the long sentence handed to the couple last month and Buster Daniel 1st called on the Zambian government to review the case and the country's stringent anti homosexuality laws he received threats over his stance prompting him to pull out of official events and now his host country wants to kick him out speaking at a church fundraiser on Sunday President Ed Garland group called homosexuality among Christian values and said he was waiting on a response from Washington. Scientists in Indonesia have finally been able to examine rock debris on the sea floor around the volcanic island of cracker tower which collapsed a year ago part of the island slid into the ocean after an eruption triggering a tsunami our science correspondent Jonathan Amos reports it took quite a while to get near and crack a tower after its collapse because it continued to erupt explosively but when this activity died down scientists took sonar equipment into the area to map the sea floor what they see a colossal blocks of rock some 90 meters high that were once part of the Southwestern wall of the volcano that new data allows the team to more precisely calculate the volume of material that fell into the water just less than 200000000 cubic meters of rock this can be used to update tsunami models reports from France say the authorities are extraditing to Argentina a former policeman accused of torture and murder during the military dictatorship of the 1970 s. And eighty's Mario Sandoval was arrested in a Paris suburb on Wednesday prisoners who survived the did dictatorship say he was nicknamed child asco meaning barbecued meat because he allegedly interrogated victims attached to electrified bedsprings while news from the b.b.c. . Hundreds of students and activists are holding an overnight protest in the Indian capital Delhi accusing the police of forcefully entering a university campus and beating students followed a rally against a controversial citizenship law on Sunday police insist they acted after protesters began pelting them with stones and set vehicles on fire the new law allows migrants fleeing religious persecution in neighboring countries to claim citizenship but not of their Muslim. The u.s. Envoy to North Korea is due to meet the South Korean president shortly to discuss ways to halt rising tensions between young and Washington Rebecca reports Stephen begin arrives in Seoul as Pyongyang ramps up the pressure on Washington to come up with a deal before it's huge and deadline it's unclear whether Mr Begin will meet with North Korean officials at the border the trip has led to speculation that he might try to salvage negotiations he's due to make a statement just after meeting with the South Korean president Mindy and the North Korean leader Kim Jong un and u.s. President Trump have met 3 times to try to negotiate an end to Pyongyang's nuclear and missile programs but there has been little progress Mr Bagan arrived in Seoul just hours after North Korea said it conducted another successful rocket engine test the Turkish president regift I've heard one has confirmed that he would consider expelling American forces from Turkey's injure like air base if Washington presses a head with sanctions he made the comments in a live broadcast on Turkish radio or Wednesday the u.s. Senate will debate that dislocation that would sanction Turkey for buying the Russian As for hundreds missile system. And briefly thousands of anti-government protesters have gathered again in the Lebanese capital Beirut or after a night of clashes with the security forces dozens were injured in some of the worst violence since the demonstrations began 2 months ago b.b.c. News. And then shall I then make a noise I just thought there. Is something that I feel life and. About there South African police recorded more than 40000 rights last year are not small or never reported. There's been quite a few high profile write a murder as of women in the country this year to fountains of people have been protesting on the street. Right. And there's a long and intimidating journey through the criminal justice system for special reporting centers and courts are helping to improve things. Very friendly and very supportive. There are a lot of hope that I am going to get through this. Was fixing the world. I'm really Freestone and you're listening to people fix in the world from the b.b.c. World Service we look into some of the world's toughest problems and hear from people finding solutions. About a 3rd of women experience physical or sexual violence at some point in their lives and the u.n. Estimates that around 15000000 teenage girls have been forced into sex but most of the perpetrators are never brought to justice one of my best friends was raped when we were 14 and no one was ever convicted for having seen how the attack and the legal process affected her and still does I want to find out if any want to try and make things easier for people who were right at her case is an unusual in South Africa for example only about 9 percent of rights that are reported and in a conviction I read that the authorities are trying to do something about it so I decided to visit. I. Guess why lovely to me if you are you do a. Great crisis is an NGO that does lots of work in this area obvious is of rape crisis in Cape Town but it doesn't really feel like an office or feels like a home I'm in the kitchen I can feel the life spring breeze Quito the smells of coffee it was hey I met a Mischka which isn't her real name right crisis gave her counseling after she was right. She poured me some coffee and then told me about what happened to her she was raped by a man she should have been able to trust her husband in the months before her and she refused to have sex with him because he'd been physically and emotionally abusing her and every game for 18 years of my life that morning when I was getting done for work I was busy I knew my clothes a good story and the t.v. I get a noise the I'm clicking on me. And he was the friend go lock the door to me that I'm not going anywhere. He said in floods of the. Phone is the only on the that is came to have sex with me. To do this and. That dick of my clothes. I didn't shout I didn't make a noise I just thought that this is something that I feel all my life and it's about that then he put his gun in his shorts and we drove to the beach and as I was sitting at the beach I just started crying so sorry to have our experience as. Often if you are right it's by someone you know for Mischka this meant not reporting it could pull apart her whole life sometimes a book at the at the station you said known person to you that's fear of the community labeling you blaming you there's a lot of stigma to it so people feel that they'd rather not get reported and they were. Bowden's time works right crisis she explained to me that those who do decides reporter often have to tell the story over and over again this is because the police lawyers are medical fashionables don't always understand how to work with people who've been might that makes the system really difficult. Advocate and write in person and to tell very sensitive and very dramatic story in such a setting increases 2nd recall my hand can really affect the presence of healing and as well as potentially reach a woman tied in someone the police might fail to ask the right questions or collect crucial evidence which makes for a weak prosecution case later down the line that also really has an effect on whether or not that Survivor is willing to engage with the criminal justice system in the future because if you had a really bad experience or someone that know had a bad experience the livelihood of wanting to have anything to do with a grievance are very high and that means it's hard to improve the conviction rate so all feeds into a big cycle. In early 2000 the Department of Justice realised as well as preventing sexual violence in the 1st place these issues needed to be dealt with if they were serious about supporting victims and convicting rightists So they came up with a new system for reporting right they created something called to desire sentence then and after a close a word meaning comfort stuff especially trying to help people who've been right that's where a Mischka went after our understood and believed at. The lady that good taste . Actually it up my dad told me that I'm going to be Ok that same space that you get to cry and feel that emotional breakdown at that time is amazing just that added layer of hope that I am going to get through this the 1st one was opened in 2001 and now there are 55 doctors across the country they're funded by the South African government which uses N.G.O.s like great crisis to offer counseling and other services all in one place. It offers 2 kinds of services to make sure that the rape survivor is physically healthy but if there are wounds that that is being cared for and then the other component is a forensic examination together the necessary evidence that the police and the Prosecution Service will need this can be done more quickly which helps with the quality of the evidence there's also psychological support but also. The fact that that it is innocent this is set up in a way to provide the circus or show support really provides an opportunity for the evidence to be collected in a way that the survivor understands what's going on but also that limits the secondary trauma so that the future is Alice and you still have to deal with doctors nurses police officers but the difference is they've all been trained to understand how sexual trauma affects people and how to work with women and children in a sensitive and empathetic way. P.s. Meth works in South Africa's National Prosecution Authority and oversees a teacher's Alison what kind of thing to they learn about this is where the Internet training comes in we've got that for the for a sickness is all medical doctors because they need to get that specialized training and how to deal with the victims because we picked up and it's not necessarily such a focus at me because school for prosecutors this also dropped an additional focus on search of training at school so we need to provide that focus in addition to the training to equip them with the necessary skills image collector husband and the support she got from the cheetah Zala Center gave her the strength she needed to take a case to call but once she got there it was even worse than she'd imagined she have to sit directly opposite him they're offering and it's like playing the midnight you and that space having to sit right opposite them is so intimidating that you wonder if you're going to go through with this all the way her court case went on for more than a year she couldn't stand the intimidation anymore so she withdrew I couldn't go through with it so I. Asked the prosecutor to drop the case and she was our usual and. As I said they had the grin on his face and. They actually made me feel that and a good deal just get out of the room and just close the door on this. Because of experiences like this one lots of rape survivors withdraw from the legal process before it's finished when the perpetrator gets away with it. Now this is where the 2nd part of South Africa solution comes in a specialized course designed to deal with sexual offenses saying to make the legal process less traumatic so that people are Commish to keep going with that case until a verdict is reached most 2 thirds out of sense is a link to one fortunately a mesh this case wasn't heard him on but I spoke to someone else whose case was Tina he was right when she was 4 years old she's 15 now to be concealed her real identity and often asked her to read her words a family friend used to come and visit my grandmother he would call me outside and he would know me and to my pants or skirt and then he'd rape me at the back of the house when even my grandmother was in the well she was out of sight it was a couple of times not only once he told me not to tell anyone and that if I did tell anyone that he would turn the story against me and say that I was lying so I listened to all of that until I was 12 years old when I was 12 he came to my grandmother's house I was there for the December holidays and I felt disgusted seeing him so I felt that's enough now I have to talk. I told everyone about what he had done and they called the police so Tina's case was heard in one of these calls and in order to understand how it helped her I looked around one in Johannesburg. There are 3 things that especially about South Africa sexual offenses court the 1st is that they're made to feel comfortable and safe. Just going up the stairwell it's only a very few staff was working on for weeks 5 years into court it's very secure area . Solid grey marble steps feel very new so they come through 8 a private entrance and the attic and to a private waiting area it is a place that is that exhibits comfort that makes them not to feel like that at the court environment this is advocate praise come She's from South Africa Department of Justice and has been heavily involved in setting up a section of fences coats she's funny and outgoing and dresses head to toe in bright orange and red she's been an activist against gender based violence for 20 years I can feel her passion for the cause and she shows me round one after the day's Herring's have finished as you can see here. We have made provision for. For the stress balls and we have also made provision for the safety play but this one is for the stress and so on the leaflet says things like breathe deeply stretch your poly positive self talk kind of says things like reduce stress before you testified in court yesterday for techniques I suppose and it's not only those you know for those who want to say that you know what I don't want information that is all about all these I want to read just a modest read then I read about that concept really teenagers here as you will see there then ere we have this message that we have written for there is there sitting here it seems that you have it you have a special strength inside you I believe you because when they come here they will think that they are disbelieved and it is into your fault you are not and no so is that information that is some of these they are hearts and it motivates them to participate with the criminal justice system so the 2nd thing that's unique about the court is the building itself and how it's designed which is with the well being of the victim a mind their wall separating their private area from areas where the defendant. On the way into the waiting room there's a really kind of high wall we want to increase the privacy for the victims remember that when they come here they don't want to be seen by people and at the same time we don't want them to expose them to the cause about intimidation by that I can use Yeah I can see it's kind of about 5 and it's about my high a concierge right and and it really separates off the area you know. And we also hear the private discipline remotes of a double weaknesses somebody will say that you know what I don't want to have the physical contact with this person so we encourage it and that isn't just of like a privately and would hear everything that happens and be able to respond in this room as a closed circuit cameras set up so that they can give that testimony to the court from a private place and the 3rd thing that makes the courts unique is that the legal professionals who were trained specifically to deal with cases of sexual trauma much latitude as Alice senses survivors have a Corp officer who builds up a personal relationship with them before the trial starts that helps them understand what's going to happen so they feel confident and in control being only 12 at the time of her cold case Tina got less support from an NGO called the teddy bear foundation. In the private room I was sitting with a lady she was translating all the questions for me into my language so that I could understand it was a day able and to cheese I sat opposite her and there was tea and a box of tissues the result of speaker where I could hear the questions of the perpetrators where how did it feel when he went to court I was confident because the preparations I got a k.g.b. So I knew it was coming on Saturdays we used to get court preparation where they told us about the court and the type of questions I would get and not to change my story and how did that preparation help you it helped me a lot because when I started I didn't want to talk about what happened but by the time I went to court I was ready so the people who supported you the social worker the person who translated the corporation officer how would you describe those people. The people were kind and I felt like the person who was sitting with me treated me like her own daughter she comforted me every time I cried and asked me if I wanted breaks if I was Ok Wi-Fi needed anything after going through all of this Tina's trial finished and sentencing day came around tell me all happened to the perpetrator who did this to you the perpetrator was sentenced to 20 years and how do you feel about the outcome now I feel like a good justice and he got what he deserved so Tina feels she got justice and a Michka tell me that if her case had gone through a section of fences call she think she would have been able to go through with her trial. South Africa's 1st sexual offense court was set up and 993 but problems of funding and criticism that these crimes were getting more attention than others meant that after the initial rollout the process was stalled until 2013 I wanted to get the bigger picture about the difference that making so I had a chat with Gloria because of Unicef child protection officer his job of fall supporting the Colts you necessity Africa has been helping to measure their impact so we inter