To a fine point at the end. Good morning. Paying for the pandemic well look at who could be the winners and losers when the chancellor sets out his Spending Review later this week. 64 league games unbeaten at anfield a new record for liverpool. Victory over leicester puts them back towards the top of the premier league, sitting just behind tottenham on goal difference. And from racism, to star wars, and his new role as a pioneering policeman in the met we hearfrom the actorjohn boyega. Good morning. It is a cold start to the date. For some, a frosty one as well. Try it with sunshine. Cloud building in from the west but rain in the north west. Details in ten minutes. Good morning. Its monday november the 23rd. Our top story. Gyms and non essential shops are expected to be allowed to re open in all parts of england when the lockdown ends next week even those facing the highest tier of coronavirus restrictions. Pub closing times will also be relaxed, and there are indications that limited family gatherings will be allowed over christmas. The Prime Minister will reveal more details to parliament today, as our Political Correspondent vicki young reports. Christmas wont be normal this year, but across the uk rules will be relaxed for a few days so families and friends can meet up. Plans will be finalised later this week, to allow limited household mixing. But some are urging people to be very cautious. It wontjust be a matter, if we open things up, of then having to close them down to bring infections down. Many people will get infected, many people will get harmed and many people will die. And to me, in this pandemic, the expression of the Christmas Spirit and the expression of love for my family, is not to do things that will harm them. And its notjust christmas that ministers in england have to think about. Before that, on december the 2nd, National Restrictions will end, bringing a return to the regional three tier approach. But thats going to be beefed up, after some government scientists complained of the restrictions werent effective. So, gyms and shops are expected to be allowed to reopen in all areas. Last orders will be at ten, but customers will have an extra hour to drink up. But pubs could be limited to Takeaway Service only in areas with the highest coronavirus levels. Every region of england will be told on thursday of each tier it would be put into. In nottinghamshire most people seem resigned to continued restrictions. On the brink of cheesed off, if you like. Itsjust a shame that some people seem to have disregarded the rules. I think the tiered system is a little bit difficult for people to follow. I mean, my girlfriend lives in lincoln, so were not really sure if we can visit or not. Yeah, its out of control, right . So its pointless being fed up with it. Borisjohnson wants to give people hope, that, with extra testing and vaccinations on the way, life could return to normal next year. But some difficult weeks lay ahead. Vicky young, bbc news, westminster. And well be finding out more from the Health Secretary, matt hancock, at half past seven. Its one of those mornings where you probably have loads of questions about what will happen, how it will happen and when it will happen. Do send them through and well get through as many as we can. Change also happening in australia right now. Australians are moving freely between the countrys two most populous states, victoria and New South Wales, for the first time in five months. The border was shut injuly, after covid cases soared in melbourne, the capital of victoria. But the state has now gone for more than three weeks without a new infection. Our australia correspondent, shaimaa khalil, is in melbourne. Thank you forjoining us on the programme. Back in business, is it normal . Good morning. Yeah, it does feel that way. People are coming and going. It is a sunny day. It can rain any minute. Its melbourne. Now we can go back to New South Wales in syd ney we can go back to New South Wales in sydney without quara ntining. We can go back to New South Wales in sydney without quarantining. We are here for the first time in a long time. The city seems to be getting its buzz back. We drove around here yesterday. Cafes, restaurants, pubs are open. Everybody was covid 19 to savour. This was unimaginable only a few weeks ago. This was the longest, one of the longest and harshest lockdowns not just in one of the longest and harshest lockdowns notjust in australia, but in the world after that surge. 2a consecutive days now with no new covid 19 cases. It does seem as if melbourne has turned a corner. It has come at a cost. 70 million a day were lost in the state. Many businesses will have reopened. They feel like they are starting from scratch. For families able to go back to sydney today, they say this has just been the moment they have been waiting for. So very exciting times for melbourne, especially for melburnians who are able to go back to sydney and see their families after a long time. It is a tough road ahead in terms of recovery, especially economic recovery, but they say they are at least on the right path. Thank you very much for that, really interesting. A co founder of the ice bucket challenge the viral craze which helped to raise millions of pounds for research into Motor Neurone Disease has died of the illness. Patrick quinn, who was 37, was diagnosed with als as mnd is known in the us seven years ago. The campaign raised 220 million thats £163 million for vital research. And later this morning, well be speaking to the legendary Scottish Rugby lock doddie weir. He has mnd and hes backing calls for more funding to find a cure. Diagnosed himself several years ago and campaigning all the time. It is incredible how the ice bucket challenge took over the world. For a few weeks it was everywhere. Yeah, it raised awareness. Thats the most important thing. Lots of that to come. The publisher of the oxford dictionary has revealed its word of the year. In fact, its revealed 16 of them. The bumper crop of new expressions reflects the fact that weve had to get used to so many new situations and experiences during 2020. Amal rajan has the details. We need people to start working from home where they possibly can. And announcing an effective lockdown. But are furloughed and kept on payroll. Supplies of facemasks for key Health Workers could be put at risk. Adults who are living alone will be able to mix in their support bubble. Language evolves, but, this year, its grown and changed faster than ever. Thats why, for the first time, 0xford languages are publishing words of the year plural rather than a single word of the year. The main driver of change is the pandemic, of course. Words like furlough, staycation and coronavirus are all among the words of the year. Usage of the words remote and remotely are both up by more than 300 since march. And covid is a new word for 2020. The other big reason is that this is the too much information age. I know nothing about qanon. With social media spouting words every second of every day, particular words spread and gain currency faster than ever. Though, intriguingly, usage of the word brexit is down by 80 . I think the words, really, that have had the most impact have to probably be, for everybody, the covid type words, as we are calling them. So either things to do with the pandemic itself and the disease and treatment, or also the ways that we have had to adapt to life. And fascinating for me, certainly, is that these words have gone almost. We probably didnt think we ever used these words before and, suddenly, almost every conversation we are having is peppered with these words. Never before in Human History has so much language been around us. But 2020 always had the feeling of a landmark year. And the words weve used provide evidence aplenty. Amol rajan, bbc news. We are talking about that later. Susie dent will be here. We have an update for you on a lovely story you might have seen on breakfast yesterday. Its about a nine year old boy, freddie, who is running a mile and a quarter every day until christmas. Hes doing it to show support for his friend, hughie, who is being treated for leukaemia. Heres freddie putting in the miles. Look at him go on he set out to raise £1,000, and he has already smashed the £10,000 mark. Hughie told breakfast how hed liked to use some the funds to help royal manchester childrens hospital, where hes being treated. I wanted to improve the healthiness of the food, so to get fresh fruit up of the food, so to get fresh fruit up on the ward. And upstairs there is like a playground area, an outside playground area. So in six weeks that was where i could get my only bit of fresh air. So i wanted to improve up their bid. Mike a bit. So many people have been charmed by this tale, including the footballerjames tarkowski. He plays for burnley, the club which both hughie and freddie support. Do you know what he was delivering . Did you see the packaging . After watching their story on breakfast, james surprised the boys by giving them each a new games console. Brilliant stuff 0ne brilliant stuff one for each of the boys. That is unbelievable. Isnt it lovely when there is a story that touches so many people . It is how you react to that, i think. Most of us you react to that, i think. Most of us think, thats lovely. To go that extra mile and do something beautiful is just fantastic. Well done to everybody involved in that. I think that total will keep taking up. It is one of those stories that touches everyone. The chancellor, rishi sunak, will set out the governments one Year Spending plans on wednesday and hes promised the pandemic will not prompt a return to austerity. Nina has the details. I wouldnt say all the details. Dont over sell it i will give it a bash. Ive got some friends. Good morning. Yes, the focus later this week will be on rishi sunak. On wednesday, hell outline the Spending Review. Its the chancellors big shopping trip, when he sets out what hes going to spend our money on. Usually, this covers up to four years of planning. But he isnt planning too far ahead this time, because it is impossible to predict how the economy come out of this period. We dont know the full details yet, but the chancellor has promised to keep some promises made pre pandemic. We learned this weekend that therell be an extra £3 billion boost for the Health Service to clear some of the backlog caused by covid. Thats on top of long term funding already agreed. And big projects, like new schools, hs2 they remain ringfenced. We also know that defence spending is getting £16. 5 billion more over four years. Some of that will go on ambitious space projects, and cyber defence. And, this weekend, the government announced £100 billion of long Term Investment for things like fibre broadband projects and flood defences. So hes sticking to those promises, while borrowing in vast amounts to cope with a pandemic. In fact, borrowing has reached £215 billion since april nearly five times higher than the same period last year. He did warn yesterday there is an economic shock ahead, suggesting that tax rises and savings are to come. This year, government borrowing has rocketed. And now, the chancellor, rishi sunak, is looking ahead. Hes got lots of competing priorities. Difficult to see where he can make savings, when lots of Product Services are already on their knees. And hes trying to grapple with the fact that he already needs more support, but also that the government has lots of things its promised money to. And delivering all of that at the same time is going to be really tricky. Where will those savings come from . Well, last week we found out that most Public Sector workers are bracing themselves for a pay freeze. There is speculation that overseas aid will be cut. And what about Grass Roots Services provided by local authorities which have suffered from ten years of austerity . They could face more cuts. The issue for the Prime Minister and the chancellor is they made lots of political promises last year about levelling up, making sure money is more fairly distributed to the north of england. We expect a change in the way spending will be allowed. The problem is all of those promises we re the problem is all of those promises were made before the pandemic and they have said they will stick to them. Thank you very much. Have you got the chancellor and a shopping trolley coming back later . Would you like that . Yeah, i enjoyed that. I couldnt quite see him. We could see him. He is definitely there . He was definitely there thank you. I will tell you who is definitely here this morning. Carol. It was chilly this morning . Absolutely. Good morning. It is a cold start to the day. For some it isa cold start to the day. For some it is a frosty one as well. But as we go through the day what you will find as there will be a lot of dry weather in italy, some sunshine, cloud from the west, and a strengthening wind and also some rain in the north west. That is courtesy of this clutch of weather fronts associated with this area of low pressure. High pressure, a little ridge across 0z at the moment, which is why things are very quiet. Clear skies, sunshine and low temperatures. Some cloud in southern counties through the day. More cloud from the west. Here is the rain getting in across north west scotla nd getting in across north west scotland and Northern Ireland. The odd spot around cumbria, the pennines, wales, the south west as well. These circles indicate average wind strengths. 50 to 60 mph gusts across the far north and west scotland. Temperatures today no great shakes in the east. Quite a bit decline. For many they are below freezing at the moment. We are looking at double figures as we head through the course of this evening and overnight. And that will move steadily eastwards after a cold start to the evening. Temperatures will actually rise overnight in the east as we see more cloud come in and also this rain. There will be quite a lot of rain across parts of Northern Ireland and scotland in the next couple of days. Thank you very much. A full forecast in halfan thank you very much. A full forecast in half an hour . Thats right. We will look further ahead as well. Lovely. Thank you carol. Later this week will mark the First Anniversary of the London Bridge attack, in which a convicted terrorist killed two people at a prisoner rehabilitation event. For those who survived, the memories of that day are still vivid. Civil servant darryn frost was one of the people who fought the attacker, using a narwhal tusk to try to stop him. In his first tv interview, hes been speaking to brea kfasts graham satchell. Please be aware that you may find some of the details of this report upsetting. London bridge, a year ago. A confusing, terrifying scene. Convicted terrorist usman khan is being tackled by three men, one of them holding a narwhal tusk is darryn frost. For some reason i was really early on the day. I even took videos of the place, because i was so inspired by the beauty of it. And i looked at all the artefacts around there, i surveyed the place. By doing that, i already knew exactly what was down there, what artefacts, what objects were down there. So it came in handy later in the day without me knowing that it would. Darryn is a Civil Servant at the ministry ofjustice. This he was at fishmongers hall for a conference organised by cambridge university, law students and convicted criminals sharing ideas about rehabilitation. One of the pictures he took that morning shows two narwhal tusks mounted on a wall. Little did he know then he would use one of them to fight a terrorist. It was so quick. There were so few seconds to respond. I saw people bleeding and injured and laying on the floor. And as i turned around, as if it was placed there im not a religious man, but it was as if it had been placed there, presented for me were these two long, jousting looking narwhal tusks. The weight of it was what struck me straightaway. It was. It was just really quite heavy, a solid thing, twist liked a plait of hair to a fine point at the end. And i just straightaway felt at home with this, and ran down the stairs as quickly as i could. What darryn found was usman khan, attacking people with two knives strapped to his wrist. Khan, a convicted terrorist out on licence, was one of the delegates at the conference. Everything changed in that moment i arrived with the tusk. And then there was a moment of silence, and one of the ladies, i think it was, who was caring for the person on the stairs, said, oh, my god, hes got a bomb. The horrifying events inside the hall were about to spill out onto London Bridge and into full public view. Khan is seen being chased by a convicted murderer, steve gallant. John crilly, a former offender, carrying a fire extinguisher. And darryn. He had this protective kind ofjacket on. He had. The knives were strapped to his hand with duct tape. But when he raised his arms up to come towards me, there was this tiny little bit on his midriff that was exposed. And somehow i managed to aim this two metre long tusk and stab him with it. Other people came and started kicking him in the head. So i had to shift my body to cover his head and protect him. And i said, dont hit him, dont hit him take the knives off him. And for me that was more important than hitting him, was removing the knives. Then as people got off, i was the last person on khan and the Police Arrived and the police were shouting. They had their guns pointed at me and at khans head. They were shouting, move away, move away . And everyone got off except for me. And i was holding him because i still believed he still had this bomb that a could set off and hed kill everyone, it doesnt matter if i move away. And i didnt want to let him set off this bomb, so i held on. The suicide vest khan was wearing was fake, but darryn didn know that at the time. Here, you see the police pull darryn away. And khan is shot dead. In all, the attack lasted just a few minutes, but it had a profound and Lasting Impact on darryn. I reflect on the events involuntarily. I have flashbacks. I see things. I recall the conversation. I see people suffering. And this has impacted me. Ive gone through bouts of depression. Sleep is the challenging one. My brain wont shut off. I cant control my brain. I still relive the trauma. I still relive the suffering. 25 year old jack merritt and saskia jones, 23, both died in the attack. They believed strongly in rehabilitation, helping criminals turn their lives around, giving people second chance. I want people to look at two young lives and at such a young age they could take such a forward thinking approach. And i think that isjust inspiring. And that inspires me. Darryn now wants to follow in jack and saskias footsteps, rehabilitating offenders, even terrorists like khan. I saw a lot of sadness in that guys face. I saw a man who was depressed. He had nothing to live for any more. We have such an oppressive way of dealing with people who have offended, that we take away their hope. That man had no hope left. And the only way to change people is with hope, with something to live for. If you take away everything that they have to live for, then going for an extreme where theyve got a promise in their religion is the only viable solution for them. A lot of people listening to this would be frankly astonished at how forgiving you appear to be, given what we witnessed at first hand . Well, ijust want to say i dont think im a hopeless idealist. I stabbed khan. I needed to do something to prevent him from causing further damage. Its the work that we do beyond that that i think it is important. And most people will eventually complete their sentence. And what i wouldnt want is for people to come out worse than when they went in. These pictures show darryn moments after the attack, Still Holding the narwhal tusk. Next to him, the walking wounded. Government sentencing policy has significantly tightened since the attack on London Bridge, particularly for the most serious terrorist offences. Darryn says that wont deter him. A few weeks after the attack, darryn returned to London Bridge. He took with him a card. In it, he had written a message to usman khan. I wrote this card upside down to reflect my world now. You got what you wanted, now you and others are dead. They had no choice. You stole that from them. Jack showed you love and care, which many think you did not deserve. These shows jacks belief in humanity. Perhaps we can, somehow, turn your misguided and evil actions to promote love, kindness and compassion. Finally, i leave you a rose from me, which i hang upside down, as i try to be as compassionate as saskia and jack were, but realise i still have some way to go. I will do all that i can to extinguish hate, just like i did on the bridge that day with others. I will show you and hopefully the world, the power of love. Wow. Wow. Incredible words there. An incredible amount of forgiveness. Its amazing as well that a year on, imean, i its amazing as well that a year on, i mean, i remembertalking on its amazing as well that a year on, i mean, i remember talking on here about it, talking to family and friends about it, but seeing it from his perspective and noticing that narwhal tusk as he went into the hall and then obviously having to use it in a way that he never thought he would. The fact that he was that last man who was holding the terrorist and had to be dragged off by police in the end. Incredible. Incredible words from him where he said, i wasnt going to let him go because he thought he had a bomb. Incredible bravery. Lots of people were brave in that day but incredible bravery and was this morning. Let us know what you think about that. Thank you to darren for speaking exclusively to this programme as well. Youre watching bbc breakfast. Still to come on the programme the oxford dictionary normally gives us a word of the year. In 2020, when nothing is normal, theyre giving us 16. Well be going through the lengthy list with a bit of help from countdowns susie dent. Someone is not doing theirjob properly they are good. Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are. Good morning, im asad ahmad. A report published this morning shows the number of new office constructions in Central London has fallen by half in the last six months, due to the fall in demand. As more people work from home during lockdown, deloitte found the city of london, which has traditionally dominated Construction Activity in recent years, has seen the biggest fall. Its believed developers are waiting to see if workers will return to offices after the pandemic. Theres an appeal to motorists to be extra vigilant when passing horses. It comes after the number of Car Accidents in surrey involving the animals has nearly doubled. The British Horse Society says there were 20 accidents last year, with one horse being killed. More than 1,000 buses across london have been fitted with whats said to be an extra layer of protection for drivers against covid 19. It works through the air conditioning system and was developed with advice from University College london. The way air is pushed around on the bus has changed, which means theres more fresh air entering from outside the vehicle. After over a decade, with eight different champions and nearly three million fans passing through the doors of the o2 arena, london has waved goodbye to the atp tennis finals. Russias Daniil Medvedev won the finalfinal in greenwich yesterday, before the tournament moves to turin in italy. It was a muted send off, as there was no crowd. The finals have been held at the 02 since 2009. Lets take a look at the travel situation now. Theres a good service on the tubes this morning, 0n the roads, Vauxhall Bridge remains closed northbound. Southbound is open. Over in east london, in hackney, near broadway market, la nsdowne drive has been closed by police. Now the weather with kate. Good morning. Its a chilly start to this monday morning. You mightjust run into a patch of mist and fog, as well, but it will lift to this blue sky and sunshine. A really bright start this morning. We should get plenty of sunny spells. But, gradually, we will start to see the cloud increase as we head further through the day. The cloud perhaps thick enough to produce the odd spot of light rain, but should stay largely dry. The wind will start to pick up, as well a south westerly wind. And temperatures today reaching a maximum of 12 celsius. The wind will stay brisk overnight and, with it, we have the cloud. The risk of maybe one or two patches of light rain and drizzle through that cloud. The minimum temperature dropping down to around 7 8 celsius away from Central London. For tuesday, it is looking like rather a grey day. It should stay largely dry. Again, thick enough to produce the odd spot of rain, nothing more than that. Wednesday, some light rain and drizzle. Then getting colder towards the end of the week. Va nessa Vanessa Feltz will be on bbc radio london with her show. Im back with the latest from the bbc london newsroom in half an hour. Hello this is breakfast with dan walker and sally nugent. Lots to fit in today. Coming up on breakfast this morning. Well be talking to the my family actor robert lindsay, whos going back to his theatrical roots for a new version of the classic musical anything goes, which is due to open in the west end next year. Well catch up with the former scotland rugby star doddie weir, who now has Motor Neurone Disease. Hes backing calls for extra funding to find a cure. At that age, i wasnt really having it. I was just like kissing my teeth. I remember him stopping and being like, excuse me, what was that . My mum stopped me from talking back, so its kind of really, really intense. And the star wars Actor John Boyega has been telling us about his experiences of londons policem as he plays the lead role in a new bbc drama about one of the first black officers in the capital. A lot to tell you about and we will talk about englands path out of lockdown on december the 2nd. It will become clearer today when the Prime Minister sets out details of a toughened three tier system of restrictions. Shops and gyms are expected to get permission to reopen in all parts of england but pubs and bars could be forced to serve takeaway only in areas with the highest levels of infection. Plans for families across the whole of the uk to be allowed to get together over christmas could be announced as early as tomorrow. Dr nighat arif is one of our regular breakfast gps she joins us from buckinghamshire. Good morning, lovely to see you. Lets start with coming out of lockdown. What do you think of the suggestion we will go back into the tier system . Does suggestion we will go back into the tier system . Does it suggestion we will go back into the tier system . Does it need to change . Going into the tier system is something we need to consider because there will be festivities. We are nowhere near have the r number down to where we need to be. From the Liverpool Community testing where you get the results within 30 minutes, it has driven a lot of the rate of transmission down. We need to wash hands, keep social distance and make sure we are physically distancing and covering our phase, which a lot of people are doing. Going into the tier system, we have to understand this is part of lots of other things going on. It is winter, and seasonal flu of other things going on. It is winter, and seasonalflu is here and we need to protect the vulnerable and take pressure off nhs because of the pressure of winter season already. Trying to balance that with the lockdown because livelihoods are at stake and we have to bear that in mind and the Mental Health aspect we talk about on a daily, weekly basis, and we have to take that into consideration because Mental Health is massively impacted by this lockdown. The change from lockdown to the tier system is england only. That is something we need to be aware of. You mention Mental Health. 0ne aware of. You mention Mental Health. One thing we expect to hear in the next day or so is something lots of people hope for, perhaps at christmas, families can get together. We do not know the restrictions, but may be up to three households might be able to get together for a households might be able to get togetherfor a short households might be able to get together for a short number of days. How risky is it if you have older, more Vulnerable People in your family . There is the hesitation because we want to keep our vulnerable say. The crossgenerational meeting between grandchildren and grandparents, we wa nt to grandchildren and grandparents, we want to limit that as much as possible. There are plans in order to look at that, so they are trialling more testing within families and testing people who are asymptomatic on the two weekly basis, they are starting to do that in small trials around the place. And care homes, there is a trial they are trying to do, testing among family members before they visit their relative in the care home. If we get this test and trace up and running to the capacity we should be and looking at asymptomatic people, there is Hope University students have tested regularly enough, every two weeks or so, they can come home and spend family christmas together safely. It comes down to how great we are out following the rules as much as possible and how great the testing is, and if we are meeting each other in a household, we try to keep distance, which is hard because when you are there with your grandparents you want to give them a massive hug. I cannot wait to give someone a massive hug. I cannot wait to give someone a hug at the minute it is trying to ensure we stay safe as possible but there is a lot to come and things we are learning along the way. We have covered trying to be careful in your own home if you get to see family members. We covered testing. What else do we need to focus on if things are to improve . You have talked about the importance of exercise. How do advise people that let in. Sport england said 7896 of women have decreased their exercise to the level that is not giving them Health Benefits which is a huge figure, really worrying. We know the clocks have gone back, it is darker, the motivation and also the apathy of not wanting to do exercise. There is an argument the leisure industry, by a professor, saying this is something that should be seen as an essential service and maybe looking at gymnasiums opening because we know that has an impact on people physical health. Theres a lot you can do. There is the active ten app and another run by nhs england to get people to be more active and trying to get motivation, so active and trying to get motivation, so online yoga, meditation, online exercise, bikes. And there is so much out there, but it is trying to get that engagement. In the second lockdown, there is slightly more fatigue when it comes to exercise. I know i am tired of going around the same walk, along the same track with my family. And winter does not help so my family. And winter does not help so it is ensuring as well as exercise, we eat well, with plenty of water, good food, plenty of fibre and fruit, and yes. Thank you very much indeed for your words of wisdom. I think we can go back. That is what we like to see. Brea kfast is what we like to see. Breakfast bug. We have one, as well. We are not allowed to take these out of the studio. Holly is looking at, i think the premier league with liverpool injury concerns, but what a performance. 64 games unbeaten. There is a song in that, when im 64. Whatever happened to them . They beat leicester 3 0 to go up to second place in the premier league. They arejust behind tottenham on goal difference. They were already ahead through an own goal, when diogojota got his eighth goal for the club since he joined in september. And in response, the man who put jota is putting under pressure for a place in the starting line up, roberto firmino, got the third. We were happy and relieved and we deserved it so much. We played a super game. It was so important tonight and you could see it in the face of players when he scored, everybody thought exactly the right goal scorer. There was a wonderful gesture by leeds united before their goalless draw with arsenal. Leeds captain liam cooper carried out a tablet to create a virtual experience for mascot elliot metcalfe, a 13 year old cancer patient. The main talking point of the game itself was this however arsenals Nicholas Pepe was sent off for this head butt. His manager mikel arteta said it was unacceptable. Everton and west ham were the days other winners all the details are on the bbc sport website. Rangers have made their best start to a scottish premiership season in 53 years, and they lead celtic by 11 points at the top. Thats after they thrashed third placed aberdeen 4 0 at ibrox, ryan kent here scoring the pick of the goals. Rangers have played two more games than their glasgow rivals, but theyre on a remarkable run theyve scored 41 goals so far this season and let in just three. In rugby union, scotlands five match unbeaten run came to an end against france in the autumn nations cup. They were level at the break but the game turned within minutes of the restart. Virimi va katawa with the the only try of the match and it finished 22 15. That means scotlands chances of reaching the final rest on the slim chance of italy beating france in paris next week. Bristol hadnt won at wasps in the premiership for 20 years and thats still the case after they lost by 23 points to 20 tom williss late try helping wasps start their campaign with a narrow win. Russias Daniil Medvedev has won the biggest title of his career the atp world tour finals in london. He beat Austrias Dominic Thiem in three sets at the 02, which says goodbye to the tournament now, as it heads to turin for the start of a five year stint next season. And medvedev will be joining us here on breakfast around 8. 40 this morning. There was a spot of deja vu in the final of the Northern Ireland 0pen snooker. For the third year in a row, judd trump beat ronnie 0sullivan by nine frames to seven. It was at a different venue, at least it was been staged at least it was staged in Milton Keynes this year, because the marshall arena has on site accommodation, meaning everyone involved could stay within the complex. Adam peaty set another world record in the mens 100m breastroke on the last day of competition in the International Swimming league in budapest. He beat his own short course mark, setjust a week ago, with a time of 55. 41 seconds. Peaty holds three World Records now. Hes certainly looking in good form ahead of next years 0lympics. I hate watching these. We have to show you this from the weekend. The question is, how does a team get on the scoresheet without having a shot on goal . The answer is, with a little help from the opposing keeper. This was Bayer Leverkusens Lukas Hradecky gifting Arminia Bielefeld an equaliser. But luckily for him, one of his team mates managed to score in at the right end. So they did come away with a win. What i love is this point when the manager, look at his face. I reckon if they had not won, this at the end would not have happened. It is so uncomfortable. Did you see the bubble. Was it a bubble . Did you see the bubble. Was ita bubble . 0r did you see the bubble. Was it a bubble . Or the angle from his foot. Are we allowed to see it ain . His foot. Are we allowed to see it again . Watch the little jump his foot. Are we allowed to see it again . Watch the littlejump in his foot. Are we allowed to see it again . Watch the little jump in the bubble. I think we have to watch it. Watch it carefully. There, you see. No blame for the goalkeeper. Blame the bubble. The actorjohn boyega is best known for playing a rebellious imperial stormtrooper in star wars. But hes also passionate about his latest project that he says it should be taught as part of the national curriculum. The bbc one drama red, white and blue tells the true story of leroy logan, who became one of the first black officers in the metropolitan police. John has been speaking exclusively to our entertainment correspondent colin paterson. Police im out there with no back up sometimes i think the earth has to be scorched. Replanted, so something good will come of it. John boyega, in red, white and blue, you play leroy logan, a real life metropolitan Police Officer. Now it is not a famous story, but what was it about it that captivated you . It was about leroys decision to try and join an institution and help motivate change. There wasnt a lot of black representation in the police force then. There was still a lot of. A bad energy between civilians and the police. I think what he was trying to do at that given time, i am curious to explore that as an actor, to explore that kind of man. How timely is it for this film to be coming out in the year of george floyd and black lives matter . Unfortunately, we dont want it to be timely, but it is something that is a continuous dialogue. So for this to come out now, especially with this unique black british caribbean perspective that we dont get to see often, i think it is very important for the kind of dialogue. How did you feel about the police growing up . The police, growing up . I had mixed thoughts about the police because my dad raised me to be always critical. My dad raised me to be believe that truth was always harder on the mind to find. I always tried to take a situation in for its complication and nuance. This is what red, white and blue explores. My relation to the police, there were some that i really didnt like, and there was some working on specific forces like trident that were around my area that gave us a bad time. And there were some, you know, nice guy. So i understood that. This is very important, this is very vital. Black lives have always mattered we have always been important, we have always meant something we have always succeeded regardless. And now is the time iaint waiting i was fascinated to learn that leroy was actually in the crowd at hyde park when dews stood up and gave your black lives matter speech. I remember, in that speech, you actually said, as well, i dont know if this will do serious damage to my career. Now, five months on, how do you look back on that day . I look back at it as if it was a blur. I didnt plan for it to happen. There is still a lot for me to process but, at the same time, it is also looking back at the fears that i embody, and some fears i still have, that come from a natural place and natural experiences. Looking from the outside in, it will look like, mate, youll be fine, you will be cool. But, in that moment, just being overwhelmed by so many people, looking and seeing, you know, International News helicopters taking in this speech i was making, iwasjust like, 0k, cool. Now im notjust speaking to people that follow me, im speaking to the world. The whole world doesnt agree with me, the whole world doesnt want the best for me, so i had to mention just how i was feeling, honestly, from my heart. You can hear more of colins exclusive interview withjohn boyega on breakfast after 8 30, and well be joined by leroy logan, the former Police Officer whose story is being told in that film, red, white and blue, which is on bbc one at 9pm on sunday. Heres carol with a look at the weather. It is chilly in places. It is a chilly start, cold with frost around, but in the north and west more cloud, we have rain, and here the temperature is not as low. In the temperature is not as low. In the Western Isles temperature is currently ten, but in essex, 2, lichfield in staffordshire is freezing, london and cardiff, 2 4. There is a wide range of temperatures. These fronts associated with low pressure bringing in cloud to the rest and all is bringing in cloud to the rest and all is to the west and also rain. And strong winds. The rest are under High Pressure with clear skies, sunshine to start. More cloud at times across southern counties, particularly the south west where we could see rain. Heavier rain across western scotland and western parts of Northern Ireland. In the afternoon we could have gusts in the north and west 50 to 60 mph. Temperatures, looking at cooler temperatures in the east, and in the west, 1012. Temperatures in the east, and in the west, 10 12. Through temperatures in the east, and in the west, 10 12. Through the temperatures in the east, and in the west, 10 12. Through the evening and overnight, temperatures will rise. Looking at a wet night across much of scotland, Northern England and Northern Ireland, and murky in western areas. These are the overnight low temperatures. Tomorrow, the weather front is still with us. It is a waving front. It will be breezy. The rain mounting up across parts of western scotland. Getting it at times across Northern England and into wales. The main band will rest across Northern Ireland, Northern England and parts of northern scotland. To the north, brighter skies, but a lot of cloud to the south, with temperatures 913. As to the south, with temperatures 9 13. As we head through tuesday into wednesday, this cold front sta rts into wednesday, this cold front starts to sink southwards. This is a cold front behind it. We hang on to the mild conditions ahead of that weather front but behind it, the cold air follows. In southern areas on wednesday, cloudy, some rain. A lot of sunshine in much of the uk. Showers peppering the north west. But it will feel colder, 8 11 as we push down towards the south. Thanks. Did you almost cut off carroll . Idid carroll . I did not. Never do that. From the uk wide lockdown that began in march to the shorter versions weve seen more recently, the main aim has been the same to prevent the nhs from being overwhelmed by coronavirus patients. So lets get an idea of the situation facing uk hospitals now. During the peak of the first wave, at the start of april, around 3500 people were being admitted to hospital every day with covid 19. Currently, that number stands atjust over 1700. In april, there were 19,000 patients Receiving Hospital treatment in total. Now that figure is around 16,000. And a smaller proportion of those people are now receiving the most intensive care. Back in april, 3300 were ventilated now its just 1400. The Nhs Confederation represents hospitals, ambulance trusts and primary Care Networks among other services in england, Northern Ireland and wales. Its chief executive danny mortimerjoins us now. What are the main areas of pressure for you, at the moment . Good morning. There are four things happening right now for nhs teams in the uk in the first is responding to the uk in the first is responding to the virus and infections, and admissions to hospital in particular have not gone away. The second is dealing with patients without covid and it is important to retain services beyond covid. The third is pressure of winter and the fourth is mobilising staff for a mass Vaccination Programme. And across those areas a workforce that is pretty tired and was in shorter supply than we would have liked before the pandemic is having to make choices between those four areas. In terms of. We mentioned april at the height of the pandemic and where we are now. How do you feel the latest lockdown measures have affected the pressure you currently feel . It is probably too early to tell. We believed it would ta ke early to tell. We believed it would take a couple of weeks to feel the benefit. We are starting to see tentative improvements in areas worst affected, particularly in the north west. As we look forward to what the Prime Minister announces today, and what leaders in the nhs want, it is clarity and the public to follow the guidance that is put in place and we want a test and trace in place and we want a test and tra ce syste m in place and we want a test and trace system that works, because that final step is key to suppressing and containing the virus whilst a Vaccination Programme builds and takes effect. We will speak to the Health Secretary. The other thing that might be announced as christmas plans. How do you feel about that, potentially the relaxing of regulations around the Christmas Period, where we could have a number of households meeting . How do you process that and what it might mean forjanuary and february for the Health Service . Right now, the Health Service . Right now, the Health Service, whether it is collea g u es Health Service, whether it is colleagues in hospitals, in gp practices or elsewhere, are nervous about the combination of factors, physically winter and responding to the virus. Whatever is announced about the Christmas Period, it needs to be strict, it needs to be underpinned by a test and trace system that works. Without those things, i think there will be nervousness in the nhs. It is hard to know what will be said but if there is to be a relaxation of the amount of people who can beat in the household and the number of households who can beat, you think it can only happen if there is a rigorous test and trace system and make sure that does not cause issues for the nhs. Clearly that is not just about christmas, it is about the next months. If there is to be a new system of tiers, that test and trace system, the ability to identify people who have been in contact with someone who has tested positive, and isolate them for a proper period of time, it is key. People in the nhs understand the importance of christmas. We have families, we want to get together with them, but we also understand the impact the virus has had on the population and services. Funding is crucial at any time for the nhs. I am sure you have seen crucial at any time for the nhs. I am sure you have seen the bma asking for more funding and the chancellor has announced more money for catching up. We can talk about billions and millions and you get lost in the money, but what is your message for the amount of money needed to help to catch up from where we have been these past months . Simply what the chancellor has announced it is not enough. The impact of the virus in terms of backlog of treatments and in terms of demand for new care, people suffering from long covid, Mental Health problems, long standing issues before the pandemic in terms of workforce shortages and capital for working environments, not to mention social ca re environments, not to mention social care and Public Health, it is not enough to tackle the issues the nhs and social care will face. We have spoken about comparing where we are with what was happening in april. From the staff you have spoken to, those concerns you have for Mental Wellbeing of staff in the nhs and the medical profession, where do you think things are compared to how it was at the height of the pandemic . think the base note in pretty much eve ryo ne think the base note in pretty much everyone i speak to is how tired teams are. They have worked at this level of intensity in terms of the virus and trying to maintain and restore other patients since the beginning of march. To come back to the Spending Review, there is an opportunity for the government to give people hope that long term problems they have experienced, the vacancies and gaps in teams and raters will be addressed, that there isa plan, raters will be addressed, that there is a plan, an Investment Plan that will enable us to educate more people tojoin clinical will enable us to educate more people to join clinical teams across the uk. 0k. Danny mortimer, good to talk to you. That is the Nhs Confederation chief executive. And we have the Health Secretary matt hancock in half an hour. Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are. Hello, im asad ahmad. A woman is in a life threatening condition in hospital after being shot in hackney. Police and ambulance crews were called to westgate street just before nine o clock last night. The victim is thought to be in her30s, and is being treated in hospital. There have been no arrests. A report published this morning shows that with so many londoners working from home during the current pandemic, the number of new office constructions in Central London has fallen by half. Deloitte found the city of london, which has traditionally dominated Construction Activity in recent years, has seen the biggest fall. Its believed developers are waiting to see if workers will return to offices next year. More than a thousand buses across london have been fitted with whats said to be an extra layer of protection for drivers against covid 19. It works through the air conditioning system, and was developed with advice from University College london. The way air is pushed around on the bus has changed, which means theres more fresh air entering from outside the vehicle. After over a decade, with eight different champions and nearly three million fans passing through the doors of the o2 arena, london has waved goodbye to the atp tennis finals. Russias Daniil Medvedev won the final in greenwich yesterday, before the tournament moves to turin in italy. It was a muted send off, as there was no crowd. The finals have been held at the 02 since 2009. Lets take a look at the travel situation now. There are minor delays on tfl rail in and out of paddington because of overhead line problems. 0n the roads, Vauxhall Bridge remains closed northbound. Southbound is open. And in hackney, near broadway market, lansdowne drive is been closed, due to the shooting i mentioned earlier. Now the weather with kate. Good morning. Its a chilly start to this monday morning. You mightjust run into a patch of mist and fog, as well, but it will live to this blue sky and sunshine. A really bright start this morning. We should get plenty of sunny spells. But, gradually, we will start to see the cloud increase as we head further through the day. The cloud perhaps thick enough to produce the odd spot of light rain, but should stay largely derived. The wind will start to pick up, as well a south westerly wind. And temperatures today reaching a maximum of 12 celsius. The wind will stay brisk overnight and, with it, we have the cloud. The risk of maybe one or two patches of light rain and drizzle through that cloud. The minimum temperature dropping down to around 7 8 celsius away from Central London. For tuesday, it is looking like rather a grey day. It should stay largely dry. Again, thick enough to produce the odd spot of rain, nothing more than that. Wednesday, some light rain and drizzle. Then getting colder towards the end of the week. Ahead of an announcement by the Prime Minister today, on what happens after lockdown, Vanessa Feltz is looking at the possibities in the next few minutes on bbc radio london. Im back in half an hour. Bye for now. Good morning, welcome to breakfast with dan walker and sally nugent. 0ur headlines today shops and gyms will be free to reopen when lockdown ends in england next week, but it could be takeaway only for some pubs and restaurants. More details of englands three new tiers will be revealed today, but plans for families to get together at christmas across the uk are still to be confirmed. One year on, in his first tv interview, we hearfrom the man who confronted the London Bridge attacker with a narwhal tusk. But when he raised his arms up to come towards me, there was this tiny little bit on his midriff that was exposed. And somehow i managed to aim this two metre long tusk and stab him with it. Good morning. Paying for the pandemic well look at who could be the winners and losers when the chancellor sets out his Spending Review later this week. Liverpool set a new record, with 64 league games unbeaten now at anfield. And victory over leicester puts them back up to second in the premier league they re just behind tottenham on goal difference. And, from racism, to star wars, and his new role as a pioneering policeman in the met we hearfrom the actorjohn boyega. Good morning. It will turn colder this week with some frost and fog by night. Today it is a cold start with some frost and some heavy and persistent rain across the north west. Details in ten minutes. Good morning. Its monday, november the 23rd. Our top story. Gyms and non essential shops are expected to be allowed to re open in all parts of england when the lockdown ends next week even those facing the highest tier of coronavirus restrictions. Pub closing times will also be relaxed, and there are indications that limited family gatherings will be allowed across the whole of the uk over christmas, as vicki young reports. Christmas wont be normal this year, but across the uk rules will be relaxed for a few days so families and friends can meet up. Plans will be finalised later this week, to allow limited household mixing. But some are urging people to be very cautious. It wontjust be a matter, if we open things up, of then having to close them down to bring infections down. Many people will get infected, many people will get harmed and many people will die. And to me, in this pandemic, the expression of the Christmas Spirit and the expression of love for my family, is not to do things that will harm them. And its notjust christmas that ministers in england have to think about. Before that, on december the 2nd, National Restrictions will end, bringing a return to the regional three tier approach. But thats going to be beefed up, after some government scientists complained that the restrictions werent effective. So, gyms and shops are expected to be allowed to reopen in all areas. The 10pm curfew for pubs and restaurants will be abandoned. Last orders will be at ten, but customers will have an extra hour to drink up. But pubs could be limited to Takeaway Service only in areas with the highest coronavirus levels. Every region of england will be told on thursday which tier it would be put into. In nottinghamshire most people seem resigned to continued restrictions. 0n the brink of cheesed off, if you like. Itsjust a shame that some people seem to have disregarded the rules. I think the tiered system is a little bit difficult for people to follow. I mean, my girlfriend lives in lincoln, so were not really sure if we can visit or not. Yeah, its out of control, right . So its pointless being fed up with it. Borisjohnson wants to give people hope, that, with extra testing and vaccinations on the way, life could return to normal next year. But some difficult weeks lay ahead. Vicki young, bbc news, westminster. Talks are ongoing between the four nations of the uk about taking a Standard Approach to restrictions over the Christmas Period. Parts of west and Central Scotland are already in the countrys highest level of restrictions until december the 11th. Northern ireland is facing another two weeks of lockdown from friday, having just re opened some services. And the tightest level of restrictions in wales were eased two weeks ago. Lets get more now from our Political Correspondent, chris mason, whojoins us from westminster. Chris, what kind of christmas can we expect . Good morning. Ithink good morning. I think it depends what kind of present you get me that will determine it. What are we going to get as far as christmas is concerned . Another set of discussions between the leaders in the four nations of the uk. They are determined to have a joint approach given that many of us want to cross from one part of the uk to another. There was a meeting over the weekend. And a classic bit of white hole golf that was given to us immediately afterwards. They shared objective at facilitating some limited additional household bubbling for a small number of days. What on earth does that mean . It means that christmas is on, albeit not in the normal guys. So households will be able to mix. That is the hope. 0ne households will be able to mix. That is the hope. One idea i understand thatis is the hope. One idea i understand that is on the table is up to three households being able to meet for a period of five days. Potentially 23rd to the 27th of december. None of these dates finally signed off yet. There does need to be agreement for all of the governments across the uk. There is a severed conversation going on between the Northern Ireland executive and the government in dublin, the irish government, to see if they can come to an arrangement as far as movement throughout ireland is concerned. It looks like something much more liberal than the current restrictions will happen. But nowhere near a normal festive season. Chris, thank you very much. Your present is in the post. Chris mason at downing street. Better get him a good one i will. A co founder of the ice bucket challenge the viral craze which helped to raise millions of pounds for research into Motor Neurone Disease has died of the illness. Patrick quinn, who was 37, was diagnosed with als as mnd is known in the us seven years ago. The campaign raised 220 million thats £163 million for vital research. And later this morning, well be speaking to doddie weir, who is backing calls for more funding to find a cure. He has raised an awful lot of money himself. He has. Millions of pounds. He wants to raise awareness and he is funding, his charity, is Funding Research as we speak. Brilliant. We have an update for you on a lovely story you might have seen on breakfast yesterday. Its about a nine year old boy freddie who is running a mile and a quarter every day until christmas. Hes doing it to show support for his friend, hughie, who is being treated for leukaemia. Heres freddie putting in the miles. He set out to raise £1,000, and he has already smashed the £10,000 mark. Hughie told breakfast how hed liked to use some the funds to help royal manchester childrens hospital, where hes being treated. I wanted to improve the healthiness of the food, so to get fresh fruit up on the ward. And upstairs there is like a playground area, an outside playground area. So in six weeks that was where i could get my only bit of fresh air. So i wanted to improve that a bit. What a start. So many people have been charmed by this tale, including the footballerjames tarkowski. He plays for burnley, the club which both hughie and freddie support. That is a playstation 5, which is incredibly hard to get hold of. He got two. He has got connections, clearly. Those boys deserve that. A lovely gesture. We will continue to follow that. Im sure they will raise a lot of money in the next few days. Heres carol with a look at this mornings weather. Good morning. It is a cold start to the day. Temperatures for some are below freezing. In parts of the west, for example south uist, currently 10 degrees. It is going to be wet and windy in the north west later. For many parts of the uk it isa dry later. For many parts of the uk it is a dry start with some sunshine. Clear skies. Hence the low temperatures. Towards the west of the cloud will continue to build, spreading eastwards during the day, with rain coming in across parts of western scotland and Northern Ireland. These circles indicate the average wind strength. Gusts of wind higher than this, up to 50 to 60 mph across parts of the north and the west of scotland. Temperatures are still cool in the eastern areas. Eight two, nine and tens. Towards the west it will be 11 to 12. This evening and overnight the rain continues across scotland into Northern Ireland, part of Northern England, the odd spot getting into wales and South West England. There will be some clear skies. Where we have got the clear skies it will be cooler. It start off cold might in eastern areas with the temperature rising. Into tomorrow we still have all of this rain across scotland and Northern Ireland. Rainfall starting to really accumulate. Some of it getting into cumbria and the pennines. To the north of that some brighter skies. To the south quite a lot of cloud with temperatures between nine and 13. Then it is going to get colder. Thank you very much. See you later. As weve been hearing, gyms are expected to get the green light to re open across england after the lockdown ends on december 2nd, but the situation facing pubs, bars and restaurants is not quite so positive. Lets get some more reaction from two leaders in those sectors. Neil randall is the chief executive of anytime fitness. And William Lees Jones is the managing director of the brewery and pub chain, jw lees. Good morning to both of you. Thank you very much for being on the programme. Lets talk pubs and restau ra nts programme. Lets talk pubs and restaurants first of all. That is a huge area of debate this morning. We will be speaking to the Health Secretary about that in about 20 minutes. Give us an idea of where you are in the industry now and where you feel you need to be in the coming weeks . Good morning, dan. At the moment we are losing faith in government. This is a game of smoke and mirrors. We have read about it in the newspapers again. And it looks like the curfew which was a lwa ys looks like the curfew which was always a really bad idea, is going to go. And we are going to have a tough form of tiering coming in. To give you an idea what that looks like coming into year three, according to our industry association, 94 of pubs in the uk say they will go out of business by march. Tier3. Say they will go out of business by march. Tier 3. 0k. Say they will go out of business by march. Tier 3. Ok. So you obviously feel that the government isnt doing enough to support you out the moment. What do you think their options are given the situation that we are in . What would you want them to do . What change be . I think the government should allow pubs to open. At every instance the government said it has been following the science and Public Health england statistics would indicate that less than 2 of covid infections are taking place in pubs. They have invested millions to make pubs save and we are all on the edge of our seats looking at what the tiering is going to look like when it is announced on thursday. Can we talk about gyms as well, neil . This is something which has been a hefty campaign over the past few weeks. As it stands, it appears, and we will try to get confirmation of this, it will be able to reopen wenlock then ends in england. How are you and some of your members feeling about that . Yes, good morning. We are hugely optimistic. If you look back to the first lockdown we were left until the very end, we were one of the last industries to allow ourselves to reopen. After doing a lot of work with sage and Jonathan Van Tam throughout that period to create a covid safe framework, i think we probably felt a little bit disgruntled. For the first time we are feeling a little bit more optimistic. We have seen a lot of reaction and response notjust optimistic. We have seen a lot of reaction and response not just from operators, but also from members and communities, to get our gym is back open. And i have to say, with 50 million visits since the 25th of july, and only 1. 38 cases per 100,000 visits, i think we can safely say that we are decors or a spreader of the virus. We are keen to get back to doing what we do best, making the nation healthier, doing it at a time when they needed the most. And even more so, given lockdown, it is, right in the heart of winter, where it is dark and cold, therefore it is not as safe as it was back in lockdown want to exercise outside. I think from our point of view a little bit more optimistic this morning. William cani optimistic this morning. William can ijust optimistic this morning. William can i just ask you, with the prospect of reopening in some form, how easy is it for your pubs to reopen . How much work do you need to put into place for that to happen . Well, we are ready to open. We have got all of our landlords waiting to hear what tier they fall under. Manchester, of course, we are in manchester, of course, we are in manchester, which has been in tier 3. We have seen some really encouraging infection rates coming down in manchester. Having said that, in the old tier 3 only half of our pubs can open because they were serving substantial food. The our pubs can open because they were serving substantialfood. The idea that people would go to pubs to buy ta keaway that people would go to pubs to buy takeaway is is frankly ridiculous. How much of a build up would you need to get ready to go, william, in terms of reopening across the industry . Thats a really good question because of the Prime Minister said that we could open in ten days time, we are on a one week delivery cycle, and so it would only bea delivery cycle, and so it would only be a week on friday that we could serve the nations favourite drink, a pint of cask beer, because it ta kes a pint of cask beer, because it takes three days to settle and we are on a seven day delivery cycle. We really are on a last chance saloon at the moment. We need to know and i hope the Prime Minister will spell it out this afternoon. Neil, worth coming back to you on the gym side of things, im sure many people who have used in weeks have said gyms have been some of the clea nest have said gyms have been some of the cleanest places they have gone to. Do you think the whole industry will be changed forever by what has happened in the last few months . Yeah, ido. I happened in the last few months . Yeah, i do. Ithink happened in the last few months . Yeah, i do. I think it will change for the better. From our point of view we are about making people healthy and health and cleanliness come hand in hand. I do think it will undoubtedly change the industry for the better moving forward. But also, i think what it did do was create a huge amount of reflection on how gyms were laid out, how effectively they worked. And having to go back and look at how we space kids and and how we flow the gym and the traffic around the gym, i think thatis the traffic around the gym, i think that is only going to be a benefit moving forward. Really good to speak to you both. Im sure you will be listening to what matt hancock says and also what the Prime Minister says later. Talking about gyms and pubs and restaurants. Ijust wanted to bring you some breaking news here on bbc breakfast. This is about the 0xford on bbc breakfast. This is about the Oxford University vaccine that we have heard so much about in recent months. We have some news from the drugs manufacturer, astrazeneca, who have been working with 0xford university. They say that a large scale trial of their vaccine has shown it to be 70 effective at preventing covid 19. They say a single dose of the vaccine is actually less potent than the ones we have heard about already, the pfizer and madonna vaccines. But in a subgroup of volunteers who received a half dose, followed by a full dose, the effectiveness rises to 90 . That is the information that we are getting here this morning about the Oxford University vaccine, just coming in the last few moments. Iam sure just coming in the last few moments. I am sure that number might sound like a bit of a disappointment, but the oxford jab maggie is cheaper, it is easier to store and im sure there are other things we can speak to the Health Secretary about with regards to that. I am sure he will tell us it will still play a significant role in tackling the pandemic if of course it is approved by. Will get some word from matt hancock about that later. Breaking news this morning. Astrazeneca, who are working on a drug with 0xford university, say their vaccine is shown to be 70 effective when preventing covid 19. And we will actually be talking to fergus walsh before we come off the airthis fergus walsh before we come off the air this morning. We will get more detail about what this vaccine means and how its changes. I know the government of ordered around 100 million doses already. So it is coming. More news on that throughout the morning. Australians are moving freely between the countrys two most populous states, victoria and New South Wales, for the first time in five months. The border was shut injuly after covid cases soared in melbourne, the capital of victoria, and it has now re opened. 0ur australia correspondent, shaimaa khalil, reports. This is the flight theyve been waiting months to board and, for antonia curic, this moment could not have come fast enough. Today is the day i get to meet my four month old grandson for the first time. How does that feel . My hearts jumping out of my chest. Fantastic, absolutely fantastic. Before the pandemic, melbourne to sydney was one of the busiest air routes in the world. Now, with the borders open, victorians can visit once again. Ive missed my friends, ive missed my home. Were flying to see my husband who we havent seen for four months. We are so excited, we are so excited. After one of the Worlds Toughest lockdowns, its another big moment for a victoria. Busy streets were unimaginable in melbourne even just a few weeks ago. This was the epicentre of australias second covid 19 wave. But for more than three weeks now, there have been no new cases recorded in the whole of victoria and, around the world, people are asking how they did it here. Masks became mandatory in the whole of the state. Melbournes five million residents were put under a night curfew as part of the stringent lockdown. A so called ring of steel patrolled by the army and police separated melbourne from the rest of victoria. And other states closed their borders to victoria, effectively sealing it off. Health experts say this was the only way to get the virus under control. A lesson to the rest of the world. To go hard and to go fast, thats the real message here. If you dont get started early enough and do it in a co ordinated way, with really clear communication, because youve got to have the community on side, then i think you wind up with rolling lockdowns that dont really have the effect you want, but start to undermine Community Buy in. But this success has come at a huge cost. The state has lost 70 million a day during lockdown. Tens of thousands ofjobs disappeared and demand for mental Health Services soared. There were days where we just didnt want to get off the couch. Ijust wanted to stay home and cry. Since reopening her cafe, melissa says it feels like shes starting from scratch. Weve lost a lot of our regular customers, our corporate customers in the area. A lot of the residents moved. So were literally rebuilding from the start. So the weekends were fortunate theres definitely an appetite for people to go out. But, during the week, its a different story. Covid 19 may have been crushed here, but so too has the economy. It will take months, if not years, for one of the worlds most liveable cities to fully come back to life again. Shaimaa khalil, bbc news, melbourne. Just to remind you of the news we brought a couple of moments ago. Confirmation from the drugs manufacturer astrazeneca, who have been working in collaboration with 0xford been working in collaboration with Oxford University, they have released the results of their large scale vaccine trial and they have shown that their vaccine is 70 effective at preventing covid 19. That is slightly different to the other two vaccines we have heard about in the way that it is distributed and administered. Yeah, you heard a lot about pfizer in recent weeks, and my dharna, they showed 95 protection. At the oxford jab market, which is being developed alongside astrazeneca, is cheaper and easier to store. It will be interesting to see what Matt Hancocks assessment of that is. He will be here after half past seven. The analysis seems to be today that it could still play a very significant role in tackling the pandemic. And i suppose again another important point is youre digesting this as we are this morning. All of these need to be approved by the regulators as well. Thats right. Just a little bit more information about the trial. More than 20,000 information about the trial. More than 20 , 000 volunteers information about the trial. More than 20,000 volunteers have been involved in the trial. Half were in the uk, half were in brazil. We mention about how it had been administered slightly differently to the other two. With this one to give have my dose followed by a full dose. Analysts saying the high percentage, the 95 effectiveness you get, might be because immune system is primed more gradually become more receptive. We are going to talk to our medical editor, fergus walsh, to get a little bit more detail about how that is going to work. Yeah, and again it is worth remembering the government in the uk is pre ordering 100 million doses of the oxford vaccine, which is enough to immunise 15 Million People. That is on top of some of the other orders they put in. You cant follow all the horses, i suppose. There is all the horses, i suppose. There is a large number. That is where we are the latest news on the vaccine for a coronavirus this morning. Matt hancock is on this programme injust a few minutes. Hopefully he knows a bit more about it. Maybe. The publisher of the oxford dictionary has revealed its word of the year. In fact, its revealed 16 of them. The bumper crop of new expressions reflects the fact that weve had to get used to so many new situations and experiences during 2020. 0ur media editor amal rajan has the details. tx next we need people to start working from home where they possibly can. And announcing an effective lockdown. But are furloughed and kept on payroll. Supplies of facemasks for key Health Workers could be put at risk. Adults who are living alone will be able to mix in their support bubble. Language evolves, but, this year, its grown and changed faster than ever. Thats why, for the first time, 0xford languages are publishing words of the year plural rather than a single word of the year. The main driver of change is the pandemic, of course. Words like furlough, staycation and coronavirus are all among the words of the year. Usage of the words remote and remotely are both up by more than 300 since march. And covid is a new word for 2020. The other big reason is that this is the too much information age. I know nothing about qanon. With social media spouting words every second of every day, particular words spread and gain currency faster than ever. Though, intriguingly, usage of the word brexit is down by 80 . I think the words, really, that have had the most impact have to probably be, for everybody, the covid type words, as we are calling them. So either things to do with the pandemic itself and the disease and treatment, or also the ways that we have had to adapt to life. And fascinating for me, certainly, is that these words have gone almost. We probably didnt think we ever used these words before and, suddenly, almost every conversation we are having is peppered with these words. Never before in Human History has so much language been around us. But 2020 always had the feeling of a landmark year. And the words weve used provide evidence aplenty. Amol rajan, bbc news. 16 important words this year. That isa 16 important words this year. That is a ladder. That is a lot. Vaccine is a ladder. That is a lot. Vaccine is going to be a big word as well. Breaking news, astrazeneca, in collaboration with 0xford university, say their trial of the Coronavirus Vaccine has shown it is 70 effective in preventing covid 19. Loads more on that this morning. We werejoined by Health Secretary matt hancock to get his reaction and give us more detail and that in a moment. Youre watching bbc breakfast. Still to come on the programme. I was holding and because i believed he had this bomb. It didnt matter ifi he had this bomb. It didnt matter if i moved away. I didnt want to let him set it off so i held on. Nearly one year on from the London Bridge terror attack, well hear from the Civil Servant who used a narwhal tusk to tackle a knife wielding terrorist wearing a fake suicide bomb. Give yourself some time to watch that. It is one of those interviews where you are amazed by what he did, how he did it, what he was thinking. And you ask yourself, what would you do . He has an incredible story to tell. Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are. After you. Health secretary on the way ina after you. Health secretary on the way in a moment. Good morning, im asad ahmad. A woman is in a life threatening condition in hospital after being shot in hackney. Police and ambulance crews were called to westgate streetjust before nine oclock last night. The victim is thought to be in her 30s and is being treated in hospital. There have been no arrests. A report published this morning shows that with so many londoners working from home during the current pandemic, the number of new office constructions in Central London has fallen by half. Deloitte found the city of london, which has traditionally dominated Construction Activity in recent years, has seen the biggest fall. Its believed developers are waiting to see if workers will return to offices next year. More than 1,000 buses across london have been fitted with whats said to be an extra layer of protection for drivers against covid 19. It works through the air conditioning system and was developed with advice from University College london. The way air is pushed around on the bus has changed, which means theres more fresh air entering from outside the vehicle. After over a decade, with eight different champions and nearly three million fans passing through the doors of the o2 arena, london has waved goodbye to the atp tennis finals. Russias Daniil Medvedev won the finalfinal in greenwich yesterday before the tournament moves to turin in italy. It was a muted send off, as there was no crowd. The finals have been held at the 02 since 2009. Lets take a look at the travel situation now. There are minor delays on tfl rail in and out of paddington because of overhead line problems. 0n the roads, Vauxhall Bridge remains closed northbound. Southbound is open. And in hackney near broadway market, lansdowne drive is closed due to the shooting i mentioned earlier. Now the weather with kate. Good morning. Its a chilly start to this monday morning. You mightjust run into a patch of mist and fog, as well, but it will live to this blue sky and sunshine. Well, but it will lift to this blue sky and sunshine. A really bright start this morning. We should get plenty of sunny spells. But, gradually, we will start to see the cloud increase as we head further through the day. The cloud perhaps thick enough to produce the odd spot of light rain, but should stay largely dry. The wind will start to pick up, as well a south westerly wind. And temperatures today reaching a maximum of 12 celsius. The wind will stay brisk overnight and, with it, we have the cloud. The risk of maybe one or two patches of light rain and drizzle through that cloud. The minimum temperature dropping down to around 7 8 celsius away from Central London. For tuesday, it is looking like rather a grey day. It should stay largely dry. Again, thick enough to produce the odd spot of rain, nothing more than that. Wednesday, some light rain and drizzle. Then getting colder towards the end of the week. Thats it. There are some good stories on our website. You can take a look at the usual address. Or go to bbc london facebook or twitter. Hello, this is breakfast with sally nugent and dan walker. We said we would speak to the Health Secretary matt hancock and he joins us now. Secretary matt hancock and he joins us now. Good morning. We have a lot to talk about this morning, including this breaking news about astrazeneca, 0xford including this breaking news about astrazeneca, Oxford University vaccine. We hear that a 70 effective at preventing covid 19, which goes up, let me get this right, it goes up, immune systems are primed more gradually and become more receptive and it rises to 90 . How are you reacting to that news . am really, really pleased. We have supported 0xford university and astrazeneca all the way through to try to get this vaccine to be brought forward safely. 0f try to get this vaccine to be brought forward safely. Of course, also as fast as is safely possible. To get this result, that overall effectiveness, 70 , but in one formulation of doses, effectiveness of 90 , that is very good news for everyone. We have 100 million doses of this vaccine on order. We have been working closely with astrazeneca as they increase the manufacturing of the vaccine. For our two top vaccine candidates that are the earliest in development, both to have come through with an effectiveness that high, it is really good news for everyone. The overall strategy, plan, and i am asked this all the time, what is the overall plan . It is to suppress the virus and keep it under control until a vaccine can make a save and with the combination of mass testing, and we can see cases clearly now starting to fall in this lockdown, we have to keep sticking by that until we can get the vaccine rolled out, the bulk of which, subject to Regulatory Approval and i put that conditioner in because the independent regulator will want to look at the data and double check it, the bulk of the roll out of this vaccine will be in the new year, so it is good news. I am interested on the time. What are we looking at . I am sure everybody listening will wa nt to am sure everybody listening will want to know, they have been planning their lives around these vaccines, so what are we looking at timewise . Subject to the Regulatory Approval, and i stress that, because the medicines regulator is independent, they are rigorous, one of the best regulators in the world, they will be very careful to ensure they will be very careful to ensure they look at all the data to make sure this is safe. Subject to that approval, we hope to start vaccinating next month, and the bulk of the vaccine roll out will be in january, february, march. We hope sometime after easter, things will be able to start to get back to normal. This is really positive news, to have in one formulation is of the doses, to have an approval, and effectiveness of 90 is really excellent. 7096 overall. To clarify, the plans are to start vaccinating in the uk before christmas . That is right. The nhs is on standby to be ready as soon as this can be manufactured. I talked about Regulatory Approval, the manufacturing process for vaccines is hard. This is a biological compound. Biological product. It has to be manufactured, of course. That manufacturing has already started in anticipation of results coming through positively. The nhs is on standby to through positively. The nhs is on sta nd by to start through positively. The nhs is on standby to start delivering the vaccine from next month. It will be a huge effort. I think Everybody Knows. But the nhs will be ready. Couple of questions on the vaccine. It might be hard to for some people to get their head around the 90 , 95 , this is 70 . With a normalflu vaccine, what effectiveness does that run at . You are happy with the 70 but it is not where pfizer and moderna are with effectiveness. The work that needs to be done now and one of the things the regulator will need to look at is whether the programme for how the doses are done, which can lead to the 90 effectiveness figure, whether that is the appropriate way to take the 0xford vaccine forward. That will be pa rt 0xford vaccine forward. That will be part of the analysis that both astrazeneca and oxford and the regulator do, independently, to assess the best way forward. The other piece of news in the report from oxford and astrazeneca today is that nobody was hospitalised with covid in that trial, who had the vaccine. The question you have to ask in these circumstances is not only how many people did not get covid who might otherwise, also what happens to those who did. It appears that they got essentially a light version, even those who did. There is also some evidence in this report from the scientists that this vaccine reduces transmission. That would be very good news, if confirmed, because obviously what we wa nt confirmed, because obviously what we want is not only to stop people from getting the disease, but also stop its transmission. If we can get that, as well, obviously that is really positive. So several encouraging signs, but i still come back to that cautioned that the regulator has to be happy with its safety a nd, regulator has to be happy with its safety and, crucially, in the meantime, it is important we still keep this virus under control, because until we can get the vaccine rolled out, we need to look after each other. I think you said earlier that you hoped to be back to normal in the uk by easter next year. said after easter. Sometime after easter. How long after easter . We do not know, it depends on these two vaccines are being approved by the regulator. To be clear and straightforward, the data published todayis straightforward, the data published today is the scientists assessment. They have an independent Science Panel and it is their assessment of the effectiveness. The next step is for the regulator to look at it, because obviously on behalf of all of us, they are there to double check the safety. And then to roll it out. The roll out will be determined by the speed of manufacture, which itself is a difficult process. And that is why it will take a few months, even with the nhs throwing everything at it, andi the nhs throwing everything at it, and i know they will and they have been doing a huge amount of work on, it will still take months. And at the same time, we will have to monitor how many people get covid, how effective the vaccine is at reducing transmission. That is why we are saying sometime after easter isi we are saying sometime after easter is i think the best way of thinking about it because it can give us a higher degree of confidence that by next summer, we should be back to something much more like normal. But the path there is not yet certain, but it is just for everybody watching, this is a positive step forward that the two main vaccines that we have bought on behalf of the whole of the uk, both of them have a high effectiveness. That can give us this confidence that we can and we will get through this, thanks to this brilliant science, but we must keep our resolve between now and then. There are plenty of other things to talk about. I would appreciate your brevity with these questions because there is plenty to talk about in terms of what might happen with the tier system coming out of lockdown in england. The rumour this morning, and i appreciate there will be confirmation from elsewhere later today, that pubs and restaurants in tier three restrictions, they will be allowed to reopen on december the 2nd. Is that right, in england . The approach we are taking is as follows. The number of cases is clearly starting to fall across the whole of the uk, and in england, we come to the end of the lockdown on the 2nd of december. We do think we can replace the lockdown with a tier system but that system, whilst lighter than lockdown, will have to be stronger than the previous tiers in place. Will there be a tier four. No, but to macro three tier three. Can you tell us . The previous tier three could get cases flat but not bring them down and we need to break them down and there is a good example of how to make this work and that is liverpool where cases are down by more than two thirds in the past weeks. This is a combination of restrictions, but also in liverpool we put in mass testing. We have given the local authority, along with support from the armed services, the capability and these new 15 minute tests, the capability to test. They have tested just over 200,000 people out of half a million living in liverpool. They have found more people who were asymptomatic, did not know they had the virus, and the combination of mass testing and the measures in liverpool have brought the case is down quite remarkably, much faster than i would have thought was possible. I pay tribute to everybody in liverpool, to the local leadership, joe anderson, the mayor, and they have done a fantasticjob. It isa and they have done a fantasticjob. It is a good example of how we can beat this virus, if everybody plays their part, if we use mass testing available, and if we have a set of rules that is firm, but does not have to be as tough, we think, as the national lockdown. Our viewers would appreciate detail. For example, these are questions we have, leisure centres, and swimming pools, places of worship, what are the plans . The Prime Minister will set out the details later. I am explaining the principles behind that. I am sure you and your viewers will respect the fact the Prime Minister will explain that to parliament later. Can i ask about christmas . I assume you will tell me you cannot tell me exactly what will happen around christmas but i am interested in, you have talked about the vaccine science and scientists have made the point some people will lose their lives if there is relaxation around christmas. Do you think that is the case . I hope the plans we agree with the devolved authorities, and the reason i will not answer in terms of exactly what the rules will be, is because we wa nt to the rules will be, is because we want to agree them across the uk with so many people who travel and herfamily in with so many people who travel and her family in different parts of the uk, so the four devolved authorities, and uk government setting out the rules for england, we wa nt setting out the rules for england, we want to have them agreed together. They have to be balanced. They have to be cautious and careful, but, also, ithink Everybody Knows that christmas is the most important holiday of the year and it is a time when people wa nt to year and it is a time when people want to be with their family. People will appreciate that, but i was asking about the scientific feeling that for many scientists that people will die if those measures are relaxed over christmas. Your thoughts on that. I think if we get the rules right, they are balanced, yet they do allow people to have something a little bit closer to a normal christmas. It will not be like a normal christmas that people have most years, i think that we can mitigate against that, and i think that this balance is important and that this balance is important and thatis that this balance is important and that is another good reason why having an agreed approach across the four nations, all represented by different political parties, will help, and help having a unified approach. What is your message, i know you cannot tell us the exact measures, but what is the overall message people should approach this period with . There might be a case there are certain things we are allowed to do and i suppose people have to use their own common sense to decide what they should do a christmas . This is true and it has been through all the way through. There are rules the government had to put in place. But, also, so much of this is down to peoples personal responsibility. Hands, face and space, the basics of social distancing, are so important and something that everybody is largely trying to do across the country. Absolutely personal responsibility has an important part to play. But so has an important part to play. But so also do the rules and making sure a small number of people do not spread it and cause problems for the rest. That is why we have put in rules, even though i do not like the fa ct we rules, even though i do not like the fact we have had to put in restrictions on everyones social activity, but i think the majority of people get it. All the time we are trying to strike this balance and geta are trying to strike this balance and get a good calibration. In a way, that is what the new tier system i hope will reflect, that we have learned what rules of the most important for getting the virus under control, but also the package overall necessary to get the r number below one and get the number of cases falling. In the previous tier system, the top tier flattened things but did not get them coming down. You want to get them coming down. You want to get them coming down to escape the highest tier of restrictions. We are trying to suppress the virus, using mass testing, which i think will be a big improvement, whilst we work on and support the roll out of the vaccine, which is what will ultimately get everybody out of this situation, and it is great news this morning that is progressing well. The Health Secretary, i appreciate your time. Just to remind you, we have had news about the university of oxford vaccine, breaking news we brought to you. It stops 70 of people developing covid symptoms when taken asa developing covid symptoms when taken as a single dose. 0ur medical editor fergus walsh can tell us more. You must know this vaccine, and the people working on it incredibly well, i have seen your reports on it. I do, and to be clear, everyone on the trial, more than 20,000 volunteers, about half in the uk, received two doses a month apart and the overall effectiveness was 70 , so the overall effectiveness was 70 , so preventing seven out of ten cases of covid. There were 131 cases of covid altogether, and 101 of those we re covid altogether, and 101 of those were among volunteers who received a controlled vaccine. There were 30 in those who received the Covid Vaccine. Crucially, none of those who got the two doses of Covid Vaccine fell seriously ill. There we re vaccine fell seriously ill. There were no hospitalisations and this is where it gets complicated, in a subgroup of those who received the Covid Vaccine, who received an initial half dose, followed a month later by a complete daze, the effectiveness was 90 . Later by a complete daze, the effectiveness was 9096. 0k, how does the oxford vaccine compare with the two other vaccines complete dose. Pfizer and moderna both reported effectiveness of 95 , so in some ways, people may think that is disappointing, the results from 0xford, but up to weeks ago, anybody who had said they could give us 70 effective vaccine that prevented all serious disease would have been absolutely thrilled. These are great results. The important differences with the oxford vaccine are unlike the pfizer jab, that with the oxford vaccine are unlike the pfizerjab, that has to be stored at 70, 80 degrees and the moderna jab that has to be kept in a freezer initially, the oxford vaccine can be kept in a fridge which makes it important for global immunisation, plus it is five or six times cheaper than both of those jabs and the uk government has ordered enough to immunise 50 Million People in the uk. We have heard from borisjohnson who says, incredibly exciting news, the oxford vaccine has proved to be effective in trials. There are further safety checks ahead, but these are fantastic results and well done to our brilliant scientists at oxford and astrazeneca. He says further safety checks ahead. What happens now . On safety, the side effects are generally mild, sore arms, fatigue, feverish nurse. What happens now is further data is coming in the time, and then 0xford, astrazeneca will submita and then 0xford, astrazeneca will submit a dossier to medical regulators here and europe and the us and the regulators have said they will go through this. They have started looking at an early date, and we could get a result by early december. It would be tight, but it is possible some people could be immunised with this, and definitely with the Pfizer Vaccine before christmas. Thank you very much. That could be happening very quickly. A busy morning. A lot happening. Heres carol with a look at this mornings weather. How are you getting on . Not too bad, i hope you are well. A cold start as you can see from this cracking picture. Temperatures at the moment for many are just above or below freezing. So. Parts of the north west are currently in double figures, because low pressure is coming our way, bringing in cloud and rain, so temperatures are not as low. Breezy across the board but the strongest winter day in the north and in the west. Clear skies mean we start with sunshine. In the west, more cloud, particularly South West England and wales. You could see drizzle from that through the day and similar in north west england. More persistent rain in scotland, western parts of Northern Ireland, and clearer skies in north east scotland and south east england. These are average wind speeds but with exposure in the north and the west gusts up to 60 mph. Temperatures 913. Gusts up to 60 mph. Temperatures 9 13. 0vernight, rain. In scotland, Northern Ireland, Northern England, cloud. In western coasts and hills, murky conditions. Through the night, after a cold start, temperatures will rise in eastern areas. Tomorrow, we still have the weather front, a waving front, taking rain across parts of scotland, Northern Ireland and into cumbria and the pennines. To the north of that, bright skies, and to the south, more cloud than today but some brightness, as well. The temperature range tomorrow, roughly nine in the north, to a high of about 13 in the south. Tuesday into wednesday, one weather front going that way and another moving south, which means behind it a return to colder conditions. Illustrated by the mild yellow pushed away by colder blue. The blue will win out and it will be a colder end to the week. On wednesday, a week when the front. Some cloud, rain. Moving north, some cloud, but equally sunshine. And we will have showers across the north and the west. Look at the difference in temperatures. Clinging on where we have the weather front in the south. After that, it gets colder. The front clears, it becomes more settled, but you will notice the difference in temperatures. Thank you. In 2013, it was selfie. In 2017, it was youthquake. And way back in 2005 it was a sudoku. Every year at around this time, the people behind the oxford dictionary pick their word of the year usually a new word or expression which has entered common parlance in a big way. This year has been so extraordinary that they decided it needs more than one word. In fact, it needs 16. You know susie dent youll know her from countdowns dictionary corner can help us go through the list. Lovely to have you on the programme. Why 16 . Is lovely to have you on the programme. Why16 . Is it lovely to have you on the programme. Why 16 . Is it impossible to narrow it down . Yes, i remember in april getting so many tweets from people saying we know what the word of the year is already and that was unprecedented. We were talking about an unprecedented year and everything was unprecedented. It seemed like it was unprecedented. It seemed like it was a shoe in at that point. But everything unfolded and the scope and scale of change has been so extensive, it is impossible to encapsulate the year in a single word. It is notjust the pandemic, we have had acute social and racial protests a nd we have had acute social and racial protests and social injustice and a pivotal election, wildfires and bushfires and economic recession. You have those on the table and choosing one would be an injustice to the year we have just had. What are your highlights out of the 16 . It is not the sunniest of pictures because there has not been much light on the horizon. I think the fa ct light on the horizon. I think the fact that we have had to choose an array of words, a panorama, really, rather than a snapshot, is significant in itself. I did enjoy a little bit of lightness and wordplay but not on the list. I enjoyed quarantini which was an experimental cocktail from quarantini which was an experimental cocktailfrom ingredients quarantini which was an experimental cocktail from ingredients from the back of the cupboard. And we had covidiots. So we did indulge in wordplay. And there were solace in the fact that some of the words that became mantra. Social distancing, quarantine. We faced these challenges before and it has been the darkest of years but quarantine came into currency during the black death, which is not a nice picture, but we have used these in the past and there is some comfort they have that history to them. Unfortunately, they have come back into currency. You are keen on the use of social media which you used to throw out lesser known words. It is fascinating to see that the words are combined which brings magic and are combined which brings magic and a lightness of touch when needed when it has been a difficult year. agree. Social media for lexicographers is indispensable because you can chart an unfolding story in real time, which is extraordinary that we can do that. Id like to bring back words from the past if i can. Just to add lightness. And that i do not understand why they faded. Watching childrens social media. 0n the list also was the way that children were dealing with coronavirus. And they called it rona, such as an unwelcome but familiarface, called it rona, such as an unwelcome but familiar face, personifying it, which was interesting. You can see that evolving on social media. Susie, it is great to see you. Thank you for explaining that. That is a great one, rona. Thank you, lovely to talk to you. The one and only susie dent live on breakfast. Stay with us, headlines coming up. Good morning. Welcome to breakfast with dan walker and sally nugent. 0ur headlines today the breaking news in the past hour. A trial shows that a Covid Vaccine developed by Oxford University stops 70 of people developing symptoms. Thats less than other vaccines, but the Health Secretary tells breakfast its a positive breakthrough. Off to get this result, overall effectiveness, 70 , but in one formulation effectiveness of 90 , thatis formulation effectiveness of 90 , that is very good news for everyone. Shops and gyms will be free to reopen when lockdown ends in england next week, but it could be takeaway only for some pubs and restaurants. More details of englands three new tiers will be revealed today, but plans for families to get together at christmas across the uk are still to be confirmed. One year on, in his first tv interview, we hearfrom the man who confronted the London Bridge attacker with a narwhal tusk. But when he raised his arms up to come towards me, there was this tiny little bit on his midriff that was exposed. And somehow i managed to aim this two metre long tusk and stab him with it. A new anfield record and a title warning, as liverpool shrug off their injury woes to beat leicester making it 64 games unbeaten at home in the premier league. And from racism to star wars, and his new role as a pioneering policeman in the met. We hearfrom the actorjohn boyega. Morning. As we go through this week, it is going to turn colder by day and by night with frost and patchy fog. Today we have got rain in the forecast in the north and west, all the details in ten minutes. Its monday november 23rd, our top story the Coronavirus Vaccine developed by astrazeneca in collaboration with Oxford University is 70 effective. Its makers say a single dose is 70 effective thats less potent than other vaccines produced by pfizer and moderna. However, it becomes 90 efective when a dose and a half is delivered over two jabs. We have been speaking to Health Secretary matt hancock, and this was his take, he said it is promising news. To get this result, overall effectiveness of 70 , but in one formulation of doses, effectiveness of 90 , that is very good news for everyone. Of course, we have 100 million doses of this vaccine on order, and we have been working very closely with astrazeneca as they are increasing the manufacturing of the vaccine. 0ur Health Correspondent nick triggle is in surrey. Iam sure i am sure many of our views are waking up to this news this morning, wondering how to process it, so lets put this into some context, what can you tell us this morning . Well, its great news that we found another vaccine that is effective, and while people are talking about 70 effectiveness, we would have taken that before any of the news about the vaccines, but obviously we have had two in the past few weeks that have shown above 90 effectiveness. But what i would say is that we are going to need multiple vaccines to get these rolled out quickly. The moderna vaccine, we have an order, but it is not due until the spring. The Pfizer Vaccine, we have enough for 2. 5 Million People to be immunised immediately. So this oxford vaccine, evenif immediately. So this oxford vaccine, even if it is only 70 effective, is going to be an important tool for us, and as you mentioned, there is evidence to suggest that, in a different formulation, you get to 90 effectiveness. It is very good news, albeit with a 70 figure is, for some, a little disappointing. We we re for some, a little disappointing. We were speaking to the Health Secretary about how this is rolled out, the regulations and vaccination processes , out, the regulations and vaccination processes, and he was talking about some normality returning in easter, later in the summer, but it will be a huge programme to vaccinate the entire country, as it will be for many countries around the world on these programmes. Yes, it is logistically very complex. The nhs has been geared up to be ready to start vaccinating people from the 1st of december, but it is going to ta ke 1st of december, but it is going to take some months to vaccinate significant numbers of people. It does take a little while after the vaccination for immunity to kick in. That is why we hear of government advisers and ministers saying there really will not help us until the spring, and that is why today we will hear more about the new tiers that england is going to be put into onceit that england is going to be put into once it comes out of lockdown, and people are still warning we are in for a very difficult winter with hospitals under pressure. So the vaccine is great news, but we have to wait for Regulatory Approval, which we expect in the coming weeks, and then full roll out, and that is why we still need social distancing and restrictions that the government will be talking about later. Polite nick triggle, we will of course cover that across the day on the bbc. Just to let you know, packed on the programme today, we will also be speaking to the chief investigator from that 0xford vaccine trial in about 15 minutes time on breakfast for you. So englands pad out of lockdown will become clearer later when the Prime Minister sets out the new restrictions. Lets run you through what will happen. Matt hancock told us what will happen. Matt hancock told us to wait for what the Prime Minister says. Last orders for pubs and minister says. Last orders for pubs a nd restau ra nts minister says. Last orders for pubs and restaurants will be attend but customers will have an extra hour to drink up, but pubs could be limited to ta keaway drink up, but pubs could be limited to Takeaway Service in areas with the highest coronavirus levels. Straight now to our Political Correspondent chris mason, who joins us correspondent chris mason, who joins us from downing street. Chris, we are expecting news on christmas, it will be a busy day with Boris Johnson reacting to news of this vaccine that we have had in the last 40 minutes, and also announcing plans for whats coming next. Yeah, morning to you, sally. 0ne striking line amongst many from matt hancock in his conversation with dan in the last half hour, his suggestion that things will start to return to normal sometime after easter. A couple of caveats in there, they are building ina couple of caveats in there, they are building in a little bit of wriggle room, because there is still a huge amount uncertain. What we are going to get in the coming days is something of a road map of how things will look in the coming months, and crucially the Christmas Period as well. As far as england is concerned, a return to the system of cheering from the middle of next week, are beefing up of those tiers in many areas. beefing up of those tiers in many areas. To the system of tiers from the middle of next week. Crucially, we are not getting the real detail in terms of what will happen where i will live until thursday, the geography of the tiers will not be set out until later in the week because the government is waiting for additional data. Christmas, ongoing conversations between the governments around the uk to try to cobble together a joint approach. It looks like they are getting there, it looks like there will be a five day period over christmas where households will be able to mix, potentially up to three households for five days, and one data that is being talked about is the 23rd until the 27th. Not yet signed off, though, that is likely to come tomorrow. So christmas news tomorrow, the beginnings of the tiers news for england today, with geographical detail coming on thursday. Lots going on this week. Thanks very much indeed. Yes, lots going on, but one of the times of the morning when the next few minutes on breakfast is a good chance to just sit and listen and ta ke chance to just sit and listen and take in what you are about to hear and watch. Later this week will mark the First Anniversary of the London Bridge attack in which a convicted terrorist killed two people at a prisoner rehabilitation event. For those who survived, the memories of that day are still vivid. Civil servant darryn frost was one of the people who fought the attacker, using a narwhal tusk to try to stop him. In his first tv interview, hes been speaking to brea kfasts graham satchell. Please be aware that you may find some of the details of this report upsetting. London bridge, a year ago. A confusing, terrifying scene. Convicted terrorist usman khan is being tackled by three men, one of them holding a narwhal tusk is darryn frost. For some reason, i was really early on the day. I even took videos of the place, because i was so inspired by the beauty of it. And i looked at all the artefacts around there, i surveyed the place. By doing that, i already knew exactly what was down there, what artefacts, what objects were down there. So it came in handy later in the day without me knowing that it would. Darryn is a Civil Servant at the ministry ofjustice. He was at fishmongers hall for a conference organised by cambridge university, law students and convicted criminals sharing ideas about rehabilitation. One of the pictures he took that morning shows two narwhal tusks mounted on a wall. Little did he know then he would use one of them to fight a terrorist. It was so quick. There were so few seconds to respond. I saw people bleeding and injured and laying on the floor. And as i turned around, as if it was placed there im not a religious man, but it was as if it had been placed there, presented for me were these two long, jousting looking narwhal tusks. The weight of it was what struck me straightaway. It was. It was just really quite heavy, a solid thing, twisted liked a plait of hair to a fine point at the end. And i just straightaway felt at home with this, and ran down the stairs as quickly as i could. What darryn found was usman khan, attacking people with two knives strapped to his wrist. Khan, a convicted terrorist out on licence, was one of the delegates at the conference. Everything changed in that moment i arrived with the tusk. And then there was a moment of silence, and one of the ladies, i think it was, who was caring for the person on the stairs, said, oh, my god, hes got a bomb. The horrifying events inside the hall were about to spill out onto London Bridge and into full public view. Khan is seen being chased by a convicted murderer, steve gallant. John crilly, a former offender, carrying a fire extinguisher. And darryn. He had this protective kind ofjacket on. He had. The knives were strapped to his hand with duct tape. But when he raised his arms up to come towards me, there was this tiny little bit on his midriff that was exposed. And somehow i managed to aim this two metre long tusk and stab him with it. Other people came and started kicking him in the head. So i had to shift my body to cover his head and protect him. And i said, dont hit him, dont hit him take the knives off him. And for me that was more important than hitting him, was removing the knives. Then as people got off, i was the last person on khan, and the Police Arrived and the police were shouting. They had their guns pointed at me and at khans head. They were shouting, move away, move away and everyone got off except for me. And i was holding him because i still believed he still had this bomb that a could set off and hed kill everyone, it doesnt matter if i move away. And i didnt want to let him set off this bomb, so i held on. The suicide vest khan was wearing was fake, but darryn didnt know that at the time. Here, you see the police pull darryn away. And khan is shot dead. In all, the attack lasted just a few minutes, but it had a profound and Lasting Impact on darryn. I reflect on the events involuntarily. I have flashbacks. I see things. I recall the conversations. I see people suffering. And this has impacted me. Ive gone through bouts of depression. Sleep is the challenging one. My brain wont shut off. I cant control my brain. I still relive the trauma. I still relive the suffering. 25 year old jack merritt and saskia jones, 23, both died in the attack. They believed strongly in rehabilitation, helping criminals turn their lives around, giving people second chance. I want people to look at two young lives, and at such a young age they could take such a forward thinking approach. And i think that isjust inspiring. And that inspires me. Darryn now wants to follow in jack and saskias footsteps, rehabilitating offenders, even terrorists like khan. I saw a lot of sadness in that guys face. I saw a man who was depressed. He had nothing to live for any more. We have such an oppressive way of dealing with people who have offended, that we take away their hope. That man had no hope left. And the only way to change people is with hope, with something to live for. If you take away everything that they have to live for, then going for an extreme where theyve got a promise in their religion is the only viable solution for them. A lot of people listening to this would be frankly astonished at how forgiving you appear to be, given what we witnessed at first hand . Well, ijust want to say i dont think im a hopeless idealist. I stabbed khan. I needed to do something to prevent him from causing further damage. Its the work that we do beyond that that i think it is important. And most people will eventually complete their sentence. And what i wouldnt want is for people to come out worse than when they went in. These pictures show darryn moments after the attack, Still Holding the narwhal tusk. Next to him, the walking wounded. Government sentencing policy has significantly tightened since the attack on London Bridge, particularly for the most serious terrorist offences. Darryn says that wont deter him. A few weeks after the attack, darryn returned to London Bridge. He took with him a card. In it, he had written a message to usman khan. I wrote this card upside down to reflect my world now. You got what you wanted, now you and others are dead. They had no choice. You stole that from them. Jack showed you love and care, which many think you did not deserve. This shows jacks belief in humanity. Perhaps we can, somehow, turn your misguided and evil actions to promote love, kindness and compassion. Finally, i leave you a rose from me, which i hang upside down, as i try to be as compassionate as saskia and jack were, but realise i still have some way to go. I will do all that i can to extinguish hate, just like i did on the bridge that day with others. I will show you and hopefully the world, the power of love. That was darryn frost talking to breakfasts graham satchell. An incredible man. I know there have been plenty of people watching that for the first time. Loads of reaction coming into bbc breakfast. Incredibly moving, says kevin, and brave interview with. Brave interview another incredibly moving, says kevin, and brave interview another one, a remarkably brave and articulate young man full of humanity and love. Another one says, just watch that interview, hearing you speak was a breath of fresh air. People who put their lives on the line are usually their lives on the line are usually the ones with the most compassion. You are a brave and incredible man. That is coming in on social media. Louise says, just the best people, lovely to listen to him this morning. I wish we could all be more like him. It gives me some hope watching this morning. Thank you for your messages. Just a way that he retells that story, the fact he saw that tusk, we saw him holding the police, and refusing to let go because he felt there was a bomb. He said, ididnt because he felt there was a bomb. He said, i didnt want to let go, casey was about to detonate a bomb. We have to say thank you to darryn for sharing that story. Because i think it does take something to go back to that awful time and retell it. And he retold it in such a powerful way. That has been a huge part of bbc brea kfast that has been a huge part of bbc breakfast this morning, but we are also dealing with breaking news about the Oxford University vaccine, in association with astrazeneca. They have reported a 70 effectiveness. We have spoken to matt hancock about the already this morning. We are going to be speaking to the chief investigator from the 0xford to the chief investigator from the Oxford University trial in a few minutes on the programme. Heres carol with a look at this mornings weather. Look at how frosty and beautiful it is. Isnt it lovely . This is a library picture, but it tells the story nicely. A frosty start for some this morning. Its cold. But it will turn out to be quite a mild day. Wet and windy across the north and the west. The rain is continuing to come in. We have some patchy rain at the moment in the north and west. Here is the more organised band of rain. You can see bits and pieces of cloud around as well. Through the course of the day, the heavier and more persistent rain arrives in western scotland, western parts of Northern Ireland, and the cloud will be thick enough in North Western gwent, wales on the south west for the odd spot of drizzle. Brighter skies, nor scotland in south east england. We also have gusty wind across the north and west, after about 50 or 60 mph. Temperatures ranging from nine to 13 degrees. Through the course of the afternoon you can see where we will see some sunshine around the moray firth in aberdeenshire, very windy in the north and west. Then we run into this rain across the rest of scotland, in three parts of Northern Ireland and also north west england. North east england, you might see some glimmers of brightness, as you will do across parts of staffordshire, for example, through parts of east anglia and the south. But there will be a fair bit of cloud around, thick enough for some drizzle in the hills of wales and South West England. That continues into tonight. We still do have rain across parts of scotland, Northern England and Northern Ireland. As the cloud pushes steadily towards the east, you will find that overnight temperatures will actually rise and we will have overnight lows between seven and 11. More details in 30 minutes. For now, back to you. More on our top story, and weve heard this morning the results of a large scale trial into a Coronavirus Vaccine developed by the university of oxford. The vaccine is 70 effective as a single dose and 90 effective when taken as a dose and a half over two jabs. 0ther vaccines made by pfizer and moderna are said to be 95 efffective. Weve had reaction from the Prime Minister already this morning. Borisjohnson has described it as incredibly exciting news. He said there are still further safety checks ahead, but these are fantastic results. Were joined now by professor andrew pollard, who is leading the oxford trial. Good morning, professor. First of all, your reaction that you are able to announce this this morning. Well, we are so to announce this this morning. Well, we are so pleased to have these results come after the huge efforts of this year, both here and across the uk, and also with our colleagues in brazil and south africa. We are talking this morning about the percentage of effectiveness. The information that we have is that it is 70 effective as a single dose, it goes up to 90 when spread over two doses. Lets talk about the 70 , first of all. Is that, as far as you are concerned, a good number . Yes, absolutely. We have very high effectiveness. 70 is better than the flu vaccine is in most years. We have very high effectiveness, and thatis have very high effectiveness, and that is with two full doses that we get the result. The 90 is an intriguing result. When we give a half dose as the first dose, which means we have more vaccine available, after the second dose we see 90 protection. That is an exciting and intriguing result that we need to dig further into. But it really looks as if there is a vaccine which has the potential to protect against the disease. Importantly, in who the vaccine, there were no admissions to hospital, no severe disease. So when we are talking about the 70 result, thatis we are talking about the 70 result, that is against all infection, including the milder forms of it. But there was nobody that ended up in hospital or with severe disease. The study with the low dose first, and then the full dose, we had this intriguing 90 protection. And then the full dose, we had this intriguing 9096 protection. Is there a possibility, then, that there is a build up an immunity, in simple terms . I think it is more to do with the way in which the immune response starts. So, with a lower dose, we are changing the way the immune system responds so that it alters, after the second dose, either the quality or the quantity of the immune response. That is what we really have to dig into now, to understand how we have got these interesting results. I know you have been working day and night over the last several months, but from what you are saying there is clearly still more work to do. What happens now with your vaccine . Well, where we are now is that we have a huge amount of data, we met the requirements for efficacy that allow us requirements for efficacy that allow us to now put this together with our partner, astrazeneca, to submit to regulators for review and make a decision about whether this meets all of the requirements for licensing, under some sort of emergency process. We will continue to collect data over the next month, until that moment. But we already have enough to be able to provide that to regulators. So it could be that, if they were to approve it, that, if they were to approve it, that things could start moving quite quickly. Because there are doses already ready to go if the vaccine is approved. I imagine you have been watching the development of the two of the vaccines, the pfizer and moderna vaccines, quite closely. How does your vaccine compared to those . We are not really making comparisons. Because what we need is to help people vaccinated as early as possible, and as many as possible, so that we can protect people who are vulnerable in the population and halt this pandemic, so we can population and halt this pandemic, so we can get back to normal. And we are going to need all of the vaccines in order to do that. It is not a question of which one to take, we just need to be vaccinated. Im personally happy to have any of these vaccines tomorrow, if they we re these vaccines tomorrow, if they were licensed and available. I think were licensed and available. I think we have to look at this differently. Its not a competition between products, it is about battling with the virus, getting people protected as early as possible and stopping people going into hospital and clocking up the health systems, not just here but around the world. Because this vaccine can be stored at fridge temperature, we think we will be able to get it to all corners of the world quickly. The partnership with astrazeneca is a not for profit one, so it also makes it affordable to get it everywhere. You mentioned a moment ago that things could happen quite quickly. How quickly . How quickly could this vaccine be into the community . How quickly . How quickly could this vaccine be into the community7m some ways, the next steps out of my hands. Astrazeneca will need to put together the package of data to submit to the regulators, most of which we have already provided over the course of this weekend. But there is a lot of work needed to put it together. The next step after thatis it together. The next step after that is for the regulators to scrutinise it carefully, just as they are with the other vaccines. And then to make a decision about whether and how it should be used. Professor andrew pollard, thank you very much indeed for your time this morning. Incredible to be able to speak to the lead professor on the vaccine, the morning that news is announced. Yes, the fellow behind it all. As he was saying, a huge team involved. So many thousands of volu nteers involved. So many thousands of volunteers being part of that. That is the news we are bringing you this morning on the Oxford University and astrazeneca vaccine. We spoke to the Health Secretary about it, we have spoken to the professor behind that study as well. I am sure you are reacting to that news this morning as well. Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are. Good morning from bbc london. A woman is in a life threatening condition in hospital after being shot in hackney. Police and ambulance crews were called to westgate streetjust before nine oclock last night. The victim is thought to be in her 30s and is being treated in hospital. There have been no arrests. A report published this morning shows that with so many londoners working from home during the current pandemic the number of new office constructions in Central London has fallen by half. Deloitte found the city of london, which has traditionally dominated Construction Activity in recent years, has seen the biggest fall. More than a thousand buses across london have been fitted with whats said to be an extra layer of protection for drivers against covid 19. It works through the air conditioning system and was developed with advice from University College london. The way air is pushed around on the bus has changed which means theres more fresh air entering the drivers area. After over a decade with eight different champions and nearly three million fans passing through the doors of the o2 arena, london has waved goodbye to the atp tennis finals. Russias Daniil Medvedev won the finalfinal in greenwich yesterday, before the tournament moves to turin in italy. It was a muted send off, as there was no crowd. The finals have been held at the 02 since 2009. Lets take a look at the travel situation now. There are minor delays on tfl rail in and out of paddington because of overhead line problems. 0n the roads, the a21 towards bellingham part blocked at Beckenham Hill because of a collision. And in hackney near broadway market, lansdowne drive is closed due to the shooting i mentioned earlier. Now the weather with kate. Good morning. Its a chilly start to this monday morning. You mightjust run into a patch of mist and fog as well, but it will lift to this blue sky and sunshine. A really bright start this morning. We should get plenty of sunny spells. But gradually we will start to see the cloud increase as we head further through the day. The cloud perhaps thick enough to produce the odd spot of light rain, but should stay largely dry. The wind will start to pick up as well a south westerly wind. And temperatures today reaching a maximum of 12 celsius. The wind will stay brisk overnight, and with it we have the cloud. The risk of maybe one or two patches of light rain and drizzle through that cloud. The minimum temperature dropping down to around 7 8 celsius away from Central London. For tuesday, it is looking like rather a grey day. It should stay largely dry. Again, thick enough to produce the odd spot of rain, nothing more than that. Wednesday, some light rain and drizzle, then getting colder towards the end of the week. Borisjohnson is going to tell us today what we can and cant do once this lockdown ends next week. Vanessa feltz is on bbc radio london, and in a few minutes shell be speaking to uk hospitality about their hopes and fears for the immediate future. Hello, this is breakfast with dan walker and sally nugent. It has gone quite quickly this morning, hasnt it . loads of news around straight after brea kfast on bbc one is morning live with kym marsh and gethinjones. Lets find out what they have coming up on the show. Thanks, dan, thanks, sally. Its a big day today, as the Prime Minister gets set to tell us how he plans to take us out of lockdown. And with so much talk of freedom passes, tougher tiers and vaccines, dr xand is here to help us make sense of it all. What have you got for us today, xand . Lam very i am very excited to talk about the vaccine, one of my favourite subjects he is not even joking. Vaccine, one of my favourite subjects he is not evenjoking. Get your questions in for dr xand now. Also on morning live, were in the presence of tv royalty as dame esther rantzenjoins us. Shell be telling us why laughter could be the cure for loneliness. Its something that affects nearly 80 of us at one point or another, and for actress sally lindsay, it almost led to her being scammed. She tells us about that as well as her new life as a puppet that is halifax the rabbit and whisking straight in from the masterchef kitchen, Gregg Wallace gives us a sneak peek at tomorrows show as the professionals go for glory. All that, plus an incredible story of how the technology in our phones is being used to help control a devastating condition affecting thousands of people in the uk right now. Thats all straight after breakfast, see you at 09 15. Look forward to it, thank you, guys, see you later on. Research into Motor Neurone Disease is in urgent need of investment. Thats the message from a group of charities and individuals who have written to the Health Secretary asking for £50 million over the next five years. The former scotland rugby star doddie weir is among those who have signed the letter. Doddie has mnd, and if youre a regular breakfast viewer, youll know hes shared some of that experience with us. Lets remind ourselves of a moment back in february when doddie met up with two other former Sports Professionals who also have mnd, rugby leagues rob burrow and ex footballer stephen darby. It is just such a debilitating condition, that there is nothing out there that can help any patient with mnd. Were here really to put the fight together to try and make a difference. I was diagnosed in three weeks. So i consider myself really lucky. But having met doddie, he showed me the path, you know, that i needed to go down. The positivity, his humour. When youre playing against opponents, you are always looking at ways to beat them and get the better of them. And i think that mentality, obviously now we are not playing sport, but that mentality translates into what we are doing now. Its a bit like a game, in some sort of way. We are here to try and beat mnd. And the only way we are going to win is by collective effort. The boys here, the charities and fundraisers, working together and fund the cause. Us being involved in team work, we understand that the bigger the team, the better the result. Iam i am delighted to say the great man joins us now from the scottish borders, alongside ammar al chalabi, a professor of neurology and complexed denies genetics. How are you, doddie . I am very well, what a month with the Scotland Rugby Team ringing back the doddie weir cup, the Scotland Football Team qualifying for the euros, and now i am speaking to you, it cannot get any better but to be fair, i have got to fight a lot more with the mnd battle at the moment, but in my mind, there is kind of two ways of doing it, one is embracing the battle, and the other is obviously not, so with the embracing, i have taken that on, a big fight with mnd. Everyday is a little bit of a fight, to go up the stairs to bed, to go and eat, to walk, and i am very fortu nate, and eat, to walk, and i am very fortunate, sally, that i am able to still do that after years from diagnosis. Because the average Life Expectancy is possibly two years after diagnosis. And it is an absolutely brutal disease, as we know, and through the foundation we are getting quite a lot of e mails, and there was one that came in the other day that this couple have. 0r other day that this couple have. Or the husband has got mnd and has had it for ten years. Now he is unable to do anything himself, cant read, cant feed, he is locked in his own body. So it doesntjust affect the patient, it affects the family, and his good lady said to me that she is his 24 7 carer. She cannot even get out to leave him for a second to hang the washing up, because he is unable to tell her if there is any issue. So that is the brutality of the disease, and we are trying to find a better hope and a bit of success, so with this news today, it gives us a real smile that there is finally something being done to try to find a cure or a stoppage to mnd. So with that, i am very well i am living the dream in so very well i am living the dream in so many ways. It is always great to talk to you, you talk about hope, andi talk to you, you talk about hope, and i know you provide help for so many people who will be watching and listening this morning. Are you, through your foundation, you listening this morning. Are you, through yourfoundation, you have raised millions of pounds already, but as we said in the introduction, you are calling on the government to fund a research institute, so give our viewers an idea of what sort of difference the money to fund that could make . Well, i think it is very difficult to put in words, what that will make. But at the moment, on the table there is no cure, no nothing there for patients with mnd, so this is going to be overwhelming, a bit of hope, a bit of light at the end of hope, a bit of light at the end of the tunnel. We dont know how long that tunnel is, but there are trials going on, there are areas of hope, so i think everyone with mnd, the carers, the family and help us, are so the carers, the family and help us, are so excited that finally things are so excited that finally things are happening on the table to try and cure these horrific and terminal disease. Ammar will talk in more detail about what is happening. Professor ammar al chalabi, thank you so much forjoining us this morning. As doddie has described more than once, the experience of an mnd patient having their diagnosis confirmed, and too often they will be told that there is nothing to be done for them not only is there no cure but no treatment. In terms of research, how does mnd compare to other serious diseases . Well, Motor Neurone Disease research has the advantage that we are a very close knit advantage that we are a very close knit Research Community, advantage that we are a very close knit Research Community, and our patients are very engaged, so in terms of how far we are in research, i would say more advanced than other neurodegenerative diseases, and we have the only treatment that makes any difference. It makes almost no difference, but a small difference to survival for Motor Neurone Disease. What are you hoping for . What do you need the government to do if they were to step in at this point . What are you asking for . We are asking for £10 million a year for five years, and to put that in context, remember, the als ice bucket challenge raised about £7 million in the uk, of which about 5 million in the uk, of which about 5 million went into research, and that accelerated Research Programmes by about five years. So we think that £10 million a year for five years would make a dramatic difference to the ability to design new treatments, and then test those treatments, and then test those treatments officially for patients and find a cure. I wanted to ask you as well this morning, professor, and we will come back to you, doddie, but we have been hearing about the co founder of the ice bucket challenge, that campaign raised over £160 million around the world he has now died from the disease, but i suppose it reminds us all of how Something Like that, and that amount of money, as doddie was in, can make a huge difference to tackling this. It really does, it has made a huge difference, in fact. It has also helped the entire global als Research Community work together, and so now we are networked in ways that were not possible before, and we, for example, in the uk we lead a 20 Country Research programme into understanding the genetic factors that might make you more likely to develop Motor Neurone Disease. Doddie, obviously, desperately sad news that we have to say about patrick quinn, obviously, an awful loss for his family, but what he achieved was incredible, wasnt it . Well, sally, yes, it shows you how devastating the disease is, that no one has outlived mnd at the moment. So the battle goes on, and we need everyones help to try and get a cure. I remember talking to at the start of this year, doddie, and you said 2020 was going to be a big year, and in lots of ways it has been, hasnt it . Because people are. We are talking about motor neuron disease much more. We are, yes, thanks to your help, it has been our third anniversary at the moment, so my foundation, the support and generosity has been overwhelming. You say we are spreading the word, and we are, because i have been watching a bit of netflix, and there was a bit of mnd in something on that, and also suits as well, so we are spreading the word, but ultimately the goal has to be to try and find a cure, because the only drug that mnd patients have is a bit of hope, and with this great news that ammar mentioned, that is our hope, so good to hear. Always lovely to have you on the programme, you to take care of yourself today. Thank you again thank you, doddie, love to the family. That was the great doddie weir and professor ammar al chalabi, a professor of neurology and complex disease genetics at Kings College in london, talking about mnd this morning. Carol has the weather this for most of the uk today it is a cold start, and for some of us a frosty one, as you can see from this picture from one of our weather watchers, it is greater london. The kind of temperatures you can expect in wales, below freezing, sussex, around about phrasing, scarborough in the north east, three degrees, belfast, inverness and lands in the north east, three degrees, belfast, inverness and lands end a little bit higher, and generally a little bit higher, and generally a little bit higher in the west because we have this clutch of weather fronts coming our way. Because we have this clutch of weatherfronts coming our way. They have been introducing thicker cloud, some rain already, whereas we are under a transient ridge of High Pressure in the rest of the uk, so clear skies allowing temperatures to fall. So we start with some sunshine, it wont necessarily last, because through the day the cloud is going to build. The cloud will be thick enough in the south west, wales, north west england for some drizzle, particularly on the coast and hills, rain piling into the west of Northern Ireland and also in across parts of western scotland. Going to be a breezy day breezy day as well, wherever you are, these are the average wind speeds, but in the south west, wales, north west england for some drizzle, particularly on the coast and hills, rain piling into the west of Northern Ireland and also in across parts of western scotland. Going to bea parts of western scotland. Going to be a breezy dayas well, wherever you are, these are the average wind speeds, but the gusts, sunshine hanging in the longest across north east scotland and south east england. Through this evening and overnight, we hang on to the rain in the north, in the south there will be quite a lot of cloud, no gain parts of wales, some clear skies, and what is going to happen in eastern areas tonight is, as the cloud advances from the west, temperatures will rise. So these are overnight lows. Tomorrow, we still have this weather fronts, a wave in front, which is literally taking its rain with it as it does so. You can expect some more rain across parts of scotland, Northern Ireland, and at times it will get in across cumbria and the pennines. At times too murky across the hills of wales and South West England. A bit more cloud across southern areas, but still some brightness tomorrow, the temperature range, looking at nine in the north to about 30 once again in the north to about 30 once again in the south. Now, as we move from tuesday into wednesday, we say goodbye to that weather front, and that allows the cold front to push steadily southwards during tuesday into wednesday, and that will introduce colder air behind it. Whilst it remains in the south, the weather front will bring mild conditions, here it is, with the cloud and patchy rain, but behind it the blue indicates a drop in temperature compared to what we are looking out for monday and tuesday. There will also be showers across the north and the west, and here are those temperatures, ranging from eight in the zero to 10 11, maybe 12 in the south. In the north. I love the maybe not promising anything. The actorjohn boyega is best known for playing a rebellious imperial stormtrooper in star wars but hes so passionate about his latest project that he says it should be taught as part of the national curriculum. The bbc one drama red, white and blue tells the true story of leroy logan, who became one of the first black officers in the metropolitan police. John has been speaking exclusively to our entertainment correspondent colin paterson. Police im out there with no back up sometimes i think the earth has to be scorched. Replanted, so something good will come of it. John boyega, in red, white and blue, you play leroy logan, a real life metropolitan Police Officer. Now it is not a famous story, but what was it about it that captivated you . It was about leroys decision to try and join an institution and help motivate change. There wasnt a lot of black representation in the police force then. There was still a lot of. A bad energy between civilians and the police. I think what he was trying to do at that given time, i am curious to explore that as an actor, to explore that kind of man. How timely is it for this film to be coming out in the year of george floyd and black lives matter . Unfortunately, we dont want it to be timely, but it is something that is a continuous dialogue. So for this to come out now, especially with this unique black british caribbean perspective that we dont get to see often, i think it is very important for the kind of dialogue. How did you feel about the police, growing up . I had mixed thoughts about the police because my dad raised me to be always critical. My dad raised me to be believe that truth was always harder on the mind to find. I always tried to take a situation in for its complication and nuance. This is what red, white and blue explores. My relation to the police, there were some that i really didnt like, and there was some working on specific forces like trident that were around my area that gave us a bad time. And there were some, you know, nice guy. So i understood that. Kleist telling regardless this way i can change things it is is on them. There was a moment when your dad was searched by the police, what happened . We were coming back from church, i was in the back seat of the car, we got into the estate on the car, we got into the estate on the police pulled up and just stopped and searched us. I didnt even know why they stopped us. At that age, i wasnt really having it. I wasjust, like, that age, i wasnt really having it. Iwasjust, like, kissing my teeth. I remember him stopping and saying, excuse me, what was that . My mum stopped me from talking back. It was really intense. At a time, i didnt understand it in terms of race, i was young, i just thought, understand it in terms of race, i was young, ijust thought, we are coming from church, we are literally coming from church, we are literally coming from church, we are literally coming from jesus you know what i mean . What have we done . Feeling that way got me a bit heated. That was a very light interaction with the police, but at the time ijust knew, seeing my dad being vulnerable, seeing his voice getting respectful to this guy, for me, i just hate the fact this has to happen. But whatever. Its very important, very vital, black lives have always mattered, we have always been important. We have a lwa ys have always been important. We have always meant something. We have a lwa ys always meant something. We have always succeeded, regardless. Now is the time. I was fascinated to learn that leroy was in the crowd at hyde park when you start up and gave your black lives matter speech. I remember, in that speech, you actually said, as well, i dont know if this will do serious damage to my career. Now, five months on, how do you look back on that day . I look back at it as if it was a blur. I didnt plan for it to happen. There is still a lot for me to process but, at the same time, it is also looking back at the fears that i embody, and some fears i still have, that come from a natural place and natural experiences. Looking from the outside in, it will look like, mate, youll be fine, you will be cool. But, in that moment, just being overwhelmed by so many people, looking and seeing, you know, International News helicopters taking in this speech i was making, iwasjust like, 0k, cool. Now im notjust speaking to people that follow me, im speaking to the world. The whole world doesnt agree with me, the whole world doesnt want the best for me, so i had to mention just how i was feeling, honestly, from my heart. So many speeches given, so many protests, do you see change . so many speeches given, so many protests, do you see change . If you understand the process of change in any movement, the effect on society, you will know that it takes time. Realistically, it takes time. But the effort is where my fixation is. Making sure the efforts made are sufficient enough. Though speeches have been made, but there is another side to everyones activism that has to show itself in your way of life, the collaborations you have on the opportunities you present to other people. It is seeing whether or not these inspirational moments that have brought us together, if they transcend into our day to day decisions. What needs to change in schools . The curriculum itself needs to change. How are you not preparing stu d e nts to to change. How are you not preparing students to be able to survive in the current world . The current world and information that is so important to our livelihoods, why is it not in the schools . Why dont we have that respect . Culturally, we are forgetting about citizens like me who have dual citizenship, it would benefit them to have a perspective on their culture, their race and their history, in a much more nuanced and well thought out way, so that stories like red, white and blue are in the curriculum. You are planning on going into schools, where you are able to do that with covid . Before the pandemic, secretly idid my covid . Before the pandemic, secretly i did my own tour of schools in suffolk. I went to get to know certain students and know what they require, before i approached. It was just electric. I made a choice to expand it to lambeth, and then the pandemic hit. So we are just seeing how we can reach out. But its very important. That is also my passion, about education. I didnt really do well academically. For students like me, there needs much more help and support. How are things with you in star wars, after saying that you felt the black and non white characters were marginalised in the films . Transparent and honest. I got into a phone call with cath kennedy and a few people who verbally showed support, and we got to have a nice, transparent conversation that was beneficial for both of us. It was really good being able to do that. These types of conversations, you can go into the realm of sounding like youre just trying to save your own career. But what is great now is that its now a conversation that anyone has access to, because now its being given a desk ear, it has been acknowledged in this way, people can express themselves. Every character we love, especially in the big franchises, the marvel, the star wars, you love them because of the moments they give, the heroic moments they give, the heroic moments that the producers decide for these characters. So you need to see that in our characters that might be black and from other cultures. Finally, you are a big family man. How are you getting on choosing who you will spend christmas with . It is comp located. Im going off on a shoot at the moment. Complicated. Ithink im going off on a shoot at the moment. Complicated. I think im going to la for christmas, im not going to la for christmas, im not going to la for christmas, im not going to be in the uk. Its going to be quite tough. It will be my first christmas away. But with covid i cant come back and then go back because of the quarantine time. Im going to stay in the states, man. Muscle it through with jamie foxx, thatis muscle it through with jamie foxx, that is my christmas partner. Youre going to show jamie that is my christmas partner. Youre going to showjamie foxx the only fools and horses Christmas Special . Im coming to your house for christmas, i need that home alone 2 christmas. If you were wondering what your christmas is going to look like, thatis christmas is going to look like, that is what his is going to be like. And the manjohn boyega plays in red, white and blue is the former Police Superintendant leroy logan, who joins us from london good morning. Thanks very much indeed for coming on breakfast this morning. At what point did you realise your story was going to become a film . About 2016, i actually got approached by one of steves tea m actually got approached by one of steves team in 2015, but i didnt know what the project was about until i was told my story was going to be chosen for an episode of a bbc production. Then they told me Steve Mcqueen was going to direct it. So, that was beyond my wildest dreams. Subsequently, after working on the script, and various production elements, they then told mejohn boyega wanted to play me. It is beyond my wildest dreams. I couldnt have made this up if i tried. Yeah, its been an emotional roller coaster. So surreal and cathartic, youre seeing my life played out in that way. Have you watched it yet . I watched it several times. Two times, rather. Each time, it brings a tear to my eye. It brings back so many memories, quite emotive. And john plays it spot on. Leroy, in other people familiar with your story, when you joined the metropolitan police, that decision did not go down well with your own family, did it . No, no. Asi did not go down well with your own family, did it . No, no. As i put in my autobiography, closing ranks, it was my worst nightmare. I was going against my father, he was my hero. He got badly beaten up by Police Officers while i was in the application process. As a result of that, i thought, application process. As a result of that, ithought, no application process. As a result of that, i thought, no way am i going to leave that and go against my father. But the call and kept nagging at me. And my nearest and dearest, my wife, my friends, everybody was saying, why are you doing this . But they were saying, if you want to do it, go ahead and do it. I got the support of those near and dearto it. I got the support of those near and dear to me. But it was a real struggle. I was questioning my sanity for about ten years, thinking, why have i left the co mforta ble thinking, why have i left the comfortable world of science, great hospital, the royal free, to work in a very militaristic type of culture, with casual racism. And you know, quite hostile environment for a black person to survive. And you talk about in the book, and represented in the film, the prejudice you found from day one. In your long career, did it get better over the course of your time in the police . Do you think it is a different place now . Absolutely, we saw the changes, really, significantly, as the result of the macpherson inquiry. Myself and two other black Police Association members gave evidence to say that the met police were institutionally racist. As a result of that, we saw the improving of the internal dynamics to become more representative. We saw Service Delivery in terms of stop and search, and various other hate crimes, how that was being developed on the Race Relations act that we worked on. All of this really made a massive impact. But like everything, if you dont measure things, it doesnt get done. And the independent Oversight Group was dissolved ten years after the macpherson report. 0ver dissolved ten years after the macpherson report. Over the last ten yea rs, u nfortu nately, macpherson report. Over the last ten years, unfortunately, we have seen things levelling off and people saying institutional racism is no longer useful. It was there as an aspiration to improve the organisation, to get that real change, and make ita organisation, to get that real change, and make it a modern service thatis change, and make it a modern service that is reflective of the communities they serve. It is a real pleasure to talk to you today. I think you have to get back to some of those messages that keep hanging on your machine. I know, its the worst thing, when you are using a mobile, but it was great to be here. Look out for it on sunday, and john does me proud. I love the fact people are watching on thinking, they are probably telling you, do you know you are on telly . Which i am sure you are aware of. Yeah, you can see my pain. But, hey, it happens. Lovely to have you on. Thank you for speaking to us. You can watchjohn boyega playing leroy in red, white and blue on bbc one this sunday at 9pm. Its part of the small axe series, which is on the bbc iplayer. Youre watching bbc breakfast. Its 8 59. This is bbc news with the latest headlines. Large scale trials of a Coronavirus Vaccine developed by Oxford University and astrazeneca show it is 70 effective at preventing covid 19, rising to 90 depending on the dosage. It really looks as if there is a vaccine which has the potential to protect against the disease. And, importantly, in anyone who had the vaccine, there were no admissions to hospital, no severe disease. The government has secured 100 million doses of the vaccine, enough for most of the population. We hope to be able to start vaccinating next month. The bulk of the vaccine roll out programme will be injanuary, february, march. And we hope that, sometime after easter,
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