Secondary schools are gearing up for mass testing plus. In areas where coronavirus cases are rising thats london, kent and essex regardless of whether pupils have symptoms. The Health Secretary a song released 26 matt hancock has said years ago and a christmas the biggest rise in cases favourite finally tops in these areas was among 11 to 18 year olds. Sarah campbell reports from dagenham in east london. Year eight, can i ask you to open up. Making the best of learning during a pandemic. The pupils are in school, the teacher is at home self isolating. Down the corridor, the english teacher is the only person in the classroom. More than a third of the pupils at this school are currently remote learning. Its a real challenge, every day is a covid day at the school at the moment. Will testing help . I certainly hope so. Insofar as, i think the situation will then start to stabilise. Details as to exactly how the testing will be rolled out are still being finalised. What we do know is that testing in secondary schools will be increased in seven london boroughs and parts of essex and kent. Mobile testing units will be deployed in or near schools for staff, pupils and their families. And in london, an extra a4,000 home tests will be made available to school staff. Although community testing, including in schools, has taken place in other parts of england, this involves so many schools, its such a large area, theres so many resources, that other parts of the country are already asking, why isnt it happening there as well . I think its really important that this should be a nationwide policy, notjust in some geographical locations. And we know now that there are places where cases are higher than in kent, london and essex, that arent in this programme. The government really does need to roll this out. These pupils are in year 11, and will be taking their we cant be affording to miss lessons, when there get tested, if you dont have it, then you can come in, if you do have it, then self isolate so youre not. So we dont send everyone back. Testing is expected to start here on monday with the hope it will be a big step towards bringing infection rates under control. Sarah campbell, bbc news, dagenham. Now on bbc news, from kenyas capital nairobi, ciru muriuki brings you the story of anti apartheid leader, steve biko, who died in Police Custody in south africa. I ,and , and welcome to this special edition of this history with me ciru muriuki end can yous capital nairobi at the national museum. This month we are featuring five incredible moments from recent african history. Coming up, our tunisian women became some of the most liberated in the world in the 1950s. We find out about the history of zimbabwe, once the history of zimbabwe, once the centre of an african empire. Plus one of the Worlds Largest refugee camps. In the ca nyon largest refugee camps. In the canyon pop song that became a global hit. But first, we go back to south africa in 1977 when the country was governed bya when the country was governed by a racist system known as apartheid which discriminated against the black population in almost every area of life. We spoke to witness history about his friend, steve biko, a young black South African who was trying to bring about change. Translation i miss my friend, steve bi ko, translation i miss my friend, steve biko, and im forever in his debt. Steve biko is one of the people that originated the new generation of Young Political minded black people. The black Consciousness Movement. Those people will have the same as before. And they will have the same rights in the eyes of the law. The apartheid government insured there was no resistance against its doctrines and against its policies. There was a roadblock and they then search the car. They found an identity document which was mine. They then said, who is peter jones . Which was mine. They then said, who is peterjones . And who are you, big man. And we were then locked up together in one cell. The next morning, we started getting an uneasy feeling because there were now more police and in a convoy of three cars, we sped towards port elizabeth. In import elizabeth was the headquarters for Security Police for that reason region. Security police for that reason region. The building is being brought to a block of flats. Steve bi ko being brought to a block of flats. Steve biko is being brought to his death, a man left behind after mandela was jailed. We got taken up to the fifth floor and we were manacled, each with separate window. 0ne manacled, each with separate window. One of the senior police, a major came in and said, nowi police, a major came in and said, now i can confirm that you are officially being detained under section six of the terrorism act. That is the act in which you literally disappear. They separated us. I only had a chance to shout steves name, and that was the last time i saw steve a live. Three weeks and three days later, i had just heard a lot of commotion. Many, many people singing protest songs, the cell next to mine was being filled with many people. When these young men told me that i have just returned from the funeral of steve bi ko, just returned from the funeral of steve biko, and that was the first time that i heard about the death of steve biko. I went to my mat that was my bad, and i thenjust to my mat that was my bad, and i then just sat there. With. To me, it was like a hole in my soul, justin inconsolable ability. Which even today, would make me weep at unexpected moments. The police said the leader of the black Consciousness Movement had lost his life while he was being restrained. His family believe he was thrown at the wall quite deliberately by the police officers. Steve bikos death and the brutality of it, like no other event at the time. The extent to which the Apartheid Regime would go to protect itself. Peterjones there remembering his friend steve biko. Now we go to tunisia in the 1950s and equal light rights laws which gave women access to contraception and abortion. It was brought in by the countrys first president. They remember when the laws were brought in for tunisian men and women. They were covering their faces, when the house, these tunisians are not doing it all badly. This is, one imagines, as emancipated as any girl can get. These swinging tunisian dolly birds recommend represent one of the most remarkable translations. Translation the equal rights law was the biggest ever game for tunisian women. The president said he was not just a women. The president said he was notjust a liberator of tunisia but a liberator of tunisian women as well. Bugiba is tunisia. He fought for his country. Since independence, he has been his nations leader. L new president bugibba during the struggle against colonialism. The band polygamy, gave women social, political and economic rights. Introduce the law on 13th of august 1956. Thanks to this law, women were allowed to vote and also become politicians. I am one of the founders of the tunisian womens union and president bugibba relied on us. In the school, 100 miles from tunis, the teachers handed us the new facts of life to teenagers. There are certain 13 such schools, stumped by the tunisian womens union, a powerful body of opinion in the land. The teacher leaves them in no doubts about their rights. She tells them, you are not slaves any more, you are like european women. You have equal rights with men. This you must understand. This law protected girls. Fathers were no longer able to force their daughters to marry against their will. President bugibba encouraged us to make sure families were not stopping girls from getting an education. The talk about contraception and abortion and equal rights. After three months here, they spread the word because its here, and the tunisian countryside that the modern tunisian woman is to win the fight for equality that in territory further centuries has remained the stronghold of tunisian men. We spoke to men more than we did to women because we faced opposition from them. We spent a lot of time making them and explaining the law to them. Family traditions used to oppress goals. But now they are free to choose who to love. Tunisian women were given another safeguard against massive families when they became the first women in a Muslim Country to be able to have abortions. The law at present is that any tunisian women with four children can have an abortion without her husband 5 consent. The opposition is paid for by the government. President bugibba told us to make women feel like they have a role to play. That they have the right to live in dignity and to trust themselves and their soul. He said he gave women these rights, not as a gift, but because he saw womens power to leave in a post independent society. Continuing to campaign for the rights of women. Now lets go back hundreds of years to the ancient city of great zimbabwe. When colonists discovered it, they insisted foreigners must have built it in and following zimbabwes independence, the country was able to claim its full heritage. 0ur able to claim its full heritage. Our next witness was a historian tasked with rewriting the history books. This is one of the most remarkable sites in africa. These other corridors of power of ancient african civilisation. This is great zimbabwe. Everybody in power wa nts to zimbabwe. Everybody in power wants to control history because it brings them legitimacy. The europeans said the africans did not build the ruins. It belonged to somebody else, the phoenicians, arabs, the queen of sheba, anybody else except the africans. It was the greatest civilisation south of egypt, it carried about 10,000 people so that was quite a large city. It was also the centre of religion and the economy was gold. It could be traced far back as 1100. I was raised about ten miles away. I was obsessed with history. So i visited it as a child. There was a bus tour of great zimbabwe but this was for tourists, blacks were not allowed there. But we would just turn up and if they went there, they said you can wander it. The structures are massive. The stones are chiselled to be exactly the same size, and they are not connected by mortar or cement. We felt in some ways deprived of what belonged to us. Deprived of what belonged to us. We belonged to a great people that were oppressed by the colonial regime. When europeans first saw great zimbabwe in the 18905, they could not believe that so imposing 5tructure could not believe that so imposing structure could have been built by the ancestors of the africans they found living there. Zimbabwe is not held by either blacks or white5. The people have willed it were submitted, they were brown and i were people who are a mixture of arabs and jews. The europeans were going there to save europeans were going there to save lives, africans, who are in darkness, who had no history. So if they accepted that some of these africans had these wonderful civilisations, these wonderful civilisations, the reasoning would fall apart. 0n the reasoning would fall apart. On april 18, 1980, the reasoning would fall apart. 0n april18, 1980, zimbabwe became independent. It was a great moment for us. History became important. They were going to find a new identity by going to find a new identity by going into the past. I was the first black director of the national museum. I was supposed to use my abilities as a writer to use my abilities as a writer to write a new a new manual for the great zimbabwe, getting away from the eurocentric interpretation. So that heritage could be reclaimed. It was one of my happiest times. But it was also full of challenges, because the politicians, they insisted that i must say that great zimbabwe was built by revolutionaries. And i refused, said no, there is nothing revolutionary about it, was ordinary People Living as they were told by the king. They were angry with me, and i had to leave zimbabwe in a hurry because now they were looking to lock me up. I think my life explains why history is very exciting, because look out the problems that ive gone through because of my writing of history. On the enduring power of history. You can watch a witness history every month on the bbc news channel, or you can catch up on all of our films along with thousands of regular programmes in the online archives. Just Search Online archives. Just Search Online for bbc witness history. Now, a story about hope and nationality. 0ur now, a story about hope and nationality. Our next witness became began life in somalia but we located in 1991, and in the following year she found herself living in kenya. For a long time, it became the Worlds Largest refugee camp, and currently holds more than 200,000 people. Many residents have known no other home. You dont know what life holds for you. You have been in mogadishu, in a big city, with a good life, and then we end up ina a good life, and then we end up in a refugee camp. In mogadishu, they were militia groups everywhere. We were scared, dead bodies were scattered everywhere, just things that you cant imagine. We were attacked by the militia groups, ithink we were attacked by the militia groups, i think there were about ten. They came to one of my uncles, and then they shot at my father that night. He was shotin at my father that night. He was shot in his left leg. And then from the back, it was going out from the back, it was going out from his side. My father survived. We fled from mogadishu at the beginning of 1982, we travelled to the border of kenya. My father could not work walk. We were ina cart, could not work walk. We were in a cart, we are trying to cross the border. You know that you can be caught by the bandits at any time. If they catch you, that is the end of your life. Also, today, if you are caught by the soldiers from canyon, that will be the end of your life also. So the means of survival was 50 50. Everybody was trying to come to kenya to look for means of survival, well, we never expected that we would be going to a refugee camp. At the beginning, when the camp was established, it was just, the camp was established, it wasjust, like, the camp was established, it was just, like, you the camp was established, it wasjust, like, you collect branches from the tree and then you build a small heart and thenit you build a small heart and then it is covered by plastic. Hut. The environment is so harsh. It was dusty, the soil was not fertile, you couldnt grow anything. Rainfall was so low. In three years, they might not be any rain. It was so hot. Sometimes it could reach up to 40 sometimes it could reach up to a0 or 50 degrees. When we arrived at the refugee camp, they were men with guns, they would take away what you have. It was not safe at the beginning. But things become calmer as time goes. It is like a city now, big city. We thought we could have stayed there two or one year, but we never thought we could have stayed there, like, 25 years. You cannot travel from there to another part of canyon. You cannot go back to somalia. So, you know, necessity is the mother of intervention. You have to get a good education. I got a scholarship from unicef, to go to university. Four years in somalia, and 2a years and can you. I feel canyon. In somalia, and 2a years and can you. Ifeel canyon. Kenyan. What some people want is just to close the camps and ta ke is just to close the camps and take away the somali People Living in the camps, back to somalia. Dadaab is the Worlds Largest refugee camp, and now can you want to close it down. Kenya. Many of them have never been anywhere else. Where will i go back to . We are not kenyan, but we somalia neither, because we were brought up in kenya. So we are caught in between. That was zamzam abdi gelle. A0 years ago, tourism in kenya was booming, people coming to set a while but beautiful beaches. The next witnesses were making a living playing music at hotels when they were inspired to write a song which went on to become a global hit. This is the story ofjumbo bwana. Plays saxophone. That is the way it went. Tourists were just about this song. Jambo bwana, habari gani. It went silver, than gold, then platinum. That was a complete surprise to me. I started the group, the mushrooms, in 1972. Me and him we re mushrooms, in 1972. Me and him were working at the Cement Factory in mombasa. There was a lot of tourists coming into mombasa, so it was a really vibrant scene in mombasa. We we re vibrant scene in mombasa. We were playing mostly congolese stuff, and canyon music, but when we realised we could make more money and play less time for the tourists and hotels, we switched to playing versions of p0p switched to playing versions of pop music from europe and from america. One night, i think it was late, 1979, i was sitting at the pool bar after a performance, and there were these tourists in the pool, playing around and choking, trying to speak swahili, jambo, hibari, hakuna matata, you know and i thought, maybe i should write a song with the simple words and the tourists could sing along and dance to our music. Jambo could sing along and dance to our music. Jambo bwana, habari gani it says, jambo bwana, which means hellenistic. Welcome, all guests, all visitors are welcome to kenya. There are no problems in kenya. That is a very simple song. Whenever we finished, another tourist would come over and say, can you do this jambo jambo . We had to do at about 20 times. And then the financial director said, here is my card, you call me, i want us to re cord you call me, i want us to record this song. We didnt know that it was going to be this big. Like, they say, the rest is history. After they recorded it, the rest was history. We signed an agreement with polygram history. We signed an agreement with polyg ram at history. We signed an agreement with polygram at that time, i didnt know much about corporate ownership. We were just happy to have our music recorded, and so many people have wa nted recorded, and so many people have wanted to do cover versions. Most canyon so, ah, this is a song for foreigners, not for us canyons, no. Kenyans. But they are proud of it, but at least it has given some kind of identity to kenya, you know . Any kenyan goes they will always ask you, do you know that song, jambo bwana . They start singing the song, you know . So that is a big honourfor you know . So that is a big honour for us. The enduring appeal of jambo bwa na. The enduring appeal of jambo bwana. This song put canyon on the map and its hook, hakuna matata, even made it into the lion king. That is all from us this month. We will be back next month with a selection of extraordinary accounts of extraordinary accounts of extraordinary women in history. For now, from around rest of the witness history crew, it is goodbye. Hello there. Friday was another unsettled day, a day that brought many of us outbreaks of rain. The rain was most persistent in aberdeenshire but, equally, there were a few brighter moments for example, here in cornwall to allow these rather stunning rainbows to develop. We have at the moment a very slow moving area of low pressure crossing the country. Further patches of rain moving generally slowly eastwards and with the winds very light, again, were starting to see some dense patches of fog form particularly across eastern england. Visibility is already down to 100 metres in places with the foggy weather really from essex northwards into the east midlands, perhaps east anglia, lincolnshire, and yorkshire. Thats where the poorest visibility is likely to be. Whereas further west, the skies tending to clear. This is where well see some of the lowest temperatures early on saturday morning. And saturday itself, its a day where pressure is going to be rising across the whole of the uk. What that will do is it will squish this area of low pressure. So, in the next 2a hours, it wont exist at all, it willjust be gone. Further west we get this ridge building in and that will have quite a big impact on the weather. It means across these western and southern areas, its an improving weather picture with sunny spells developing but with that slow moving area of low pressure close by, it stays pretty cloudy and there probably will still be some patches of rain well on into the afternoon across the north east. So, a mixed bag of weather. For many of us, though, saturday morning will be a rather grey start to the day. Extensive cloud, some patches of light rain and drizzle. Very slowly pushing eastwards because theres barely any wind to move those features along. But eventually, well get some sunshine. Sunshine to start the day in Northern Ireland, that will tend to spread to south west scotland, Western Areas of england, wales, the midlands, and much of the south of england as well. So, an improving weather picture for some of you. Now, the second half of the weekend is dominated by this next area of low pressure. There are more isobars on the chart. So, youll notice the weather certainly turning a lot windier and also a lot wetter as well. Yes, outbreaks rain spreading up from the south west, heavy as well, as it dives in across england and wales, pushes northwards across Northern Ireland into scotland through the afternoon. So, although it will be a dry start across northern and eastern areas, rain will arrive later in the day and it will be blowy as well. Gales developing around our southern and western coasts and hills. The winds, though, coming from a south westerly direction blowing in mild air. 00 28 36,319 2147483051 51 02,875 so, temperatures up 2147483051 51 02,875 4294966103 13 29,430 to 13 in the south west
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