First coronavirus vaccine. Joining us now, cnn chief medical correspondent dr. Sanjay gupta and medical analyst dr. Rochelle rolinski from mass general hospital. Sanj sanjay, when we learn theres been a 90 increase in coronavirus cases among children the last four weeks, that is a lot. It is a huge increase. You saw the raw number of about 100,000 new cases the last two weeks of july, and it really does cause concerns as we are in some areas reopening schools. Yeah, no question about it, john. I mean, i think the number of children becoming infected is increasing, and its increasing at a more rapid pace. I think theres two things that are happening here. I could just tell you a little bit from reporting but also from personal experience. Up until recently, its been harder to get the younger people tested at all. You had to be symptomatic to get tested. It was mostly adults who were symptomatic. So i think the increase in testing among younger people is driving some of this. But i think another big part of this is just the fact that, especially young kids, since about middle of march, have largely been home. And now theyre starting to get out and about more. Youre seeing it, maybe getting ready for school, getting ready for sports, whatever it might be. And i think its very clear that these kids are transmitting this virus amongst themselves to other people, whatever it may be. Thats happening. And a lot of people have gone back and they keep citing this south korea study, saying, hey, look, kids under the age of 10 really dont seem to transmit it that much. I went back and looked at that study carefully with a couple of sources. There were some 50,000 contacts that were traced across all age groups in that study. But for kids age 0 to 9, it was about 57 contacts total. Point is, they didnt have a lot of contacts, there wasnt a lot of data there. We know kids carry this virus. We know they can spread it. And i think the numbers youre citing there are just more evidence of that. And we also know that masks can help prevent that spread. I mean, this is something weve known for months at this point. As we hear from dr. Fauci saying there should be a universal wearing of masks, what are the chances we actually see that happen when theres still so much resistance in many areas . Good morning, erica. You know, i think were going to have to have universal masking at the local level because were not getting it at the federal level. I want to echo a bit of what sanjay has said, and also note that, you know, over time, we have commented about how kids have done comparably well when you look at adults. So, adults over 80 have mortality rates of this disease of 15 . Children have mortality rates somewhere around 0. 5 , 0. 4 . But when you look at the numbers, the sheer numbers of children who are now reported to be infected or have been infected, 100,000, were talking about deaths of like 500, 600 young kids. And so, i think when you start looking at the sheer volume of numbers, even very small death rates tally to a lot of children dying from this disease. And look, thats exactly what concerns me and what questions it raises for someone like me, without a medical degree, this morning. We know that this new spike in cases that we saw in june and july was fueled by younger adults, people in their 20s who were starting to go out and circulate. What im worried about, sanjay, is now we could see a new spike fueled by kids again. And when you see the raw numbers, even if kids, you know, 5 to 10, dont spread it as much, if tens and tens of thousands of kids are getting it, thats more of them to spread it. Right. And look, that first point, john, i think that they do spread quite a bit. I mean, you know, i think that historically, if you go back and even look at other infectious diseases, it was initially believed kids werent that big a spreader of the disease. Take flu, even, for example. So, the inoculations, the vaccinations were primarily reserved for elderly people. And then they realized, well, theres a lot of spread going on still, wheres it coming from . Oh, its kids. We should vaccinate children as well, make them a priority for vaccination as well. So, thats something we have to certainly keep an eye on. I think we were early days still in all this. Were making lots of conclusions based on very little data, very early data. I think, you know, kids carry this virus in their nose, theyre likely to spread it. And you know, if you follow the demographics and look at the data very closely, its exactly what you say. Were starting to see more and more that the Largest Group of people who are now infected with this virus are younger people, not super young kids, but younger people, and thats clearly a result of their increased mobility. Yeah. We saw those numbers in california alone. In kids and teens, cases up 150 over the past month. Some of the other data that really has me scratching my head this morning is when we looked at testing. So, the number of tests in both florida and texas has actually declined, and fairly significantly, down 29 in florida, down 31 in texas. But the Positivity Rates not only remain high in texas, they jumped over the past month. Now at 24 . You know, the big question is, i know we need to look at the Positivity Rates because that tells us a real story, but the fact that were seeing, dr. Walensky, fewer tests, when we know that more tests are what can help move the country forward. I mean, look at where weve plateaued, almost, in florida, how high that rate of positivity is. Right. Its a really good point. You know, there are lots of different metrics that we can use to see how were doing with the spread of this disease. One of them is our Positivity Rate, as you know. And the fact that that is four or five times higher than we feel it should be in order to demonstrate that we have control of this demonstrates were doing about, you know, 20 of the testing that we should be doing. Another one of those metrics is your cases per 100,000. And that is reported in both florida and texas, in some of these counties at 40, 50, 80 per 100,000. Schools that successfully opened in europe did so at case rates of 1 per 100,000. So were talking 20, 50, 80 times higher in some of these places. And then the real question is, why do we not have testing . Why is testing not going on . Is it because its young people and young people are less prone to be symptomatic . Is it because theyre feeling well . Is it because access is really a problem . Is it because they simply dont have the tests or dont have the Public Health infrastructure to conduct those tests . I think all of those could be a reason. One other key point i want to make sure Everybody Knows and understands is weve talked about this golden vaccine that we sure hope is in our horizon. All four of the vaccine candidates that are being looked at and enrolling, we hope, in the next few months ahead, none of them enroll children under 18. So, while were looking for these vaccines to be a real golden opportunity, we are not at a place where, even if we have one in the months ahead, that we will have adequate data for children. I didnt know that. I didnt know that they werent enrolling kids under 18. Sanjay, to the point that dr. Walensky was just making, one of the things i do want to say about the texas data and its weird hospitalizations in texas are not going up, even as the Positivity Rate is going up. The hospitalizations arent. So its not that there are people so sick that were not seeing that are going to the hospital, at least not yet. But sanjay, why do you think fewer tests are being administered in florida and texas . I think testings, you know, its been a problem all along. Weve talked about this for months on this program. I think when i talked to admiral giroir about this, he basically said theyre going to surge testing in hotspots. And you know, if theres other places in the country where they need more tests, theyre going to start surging them in those areas, so they may be surging away from florida and texas right now. They shouldnt be, because obviously these are still places that are of concern. But we still have a testing infrastructure issue in this country. Were still doing basically symptomatic testing, mostly, very little surveillance testing, and even less what we call assurance testing, trying to give people the assurance they dont have the virus, that people around them dont have the virus. Were not in the position to be doing that kind of testing really at this point. As far as the hospitalizations, you know, i think this all sort of fits, you know. Even though the tests the Positivity Rate is going up, which means theres a lot of cases out there that were missing, we know that increasingly, its in younger people. And thankfully, younger people are less likely to get sick, but they can get sick, as dr. Walensky was mentioning. If you increase the absolute number of infections, youre going to increase the absolute number, obviously, of hospitalizations as well. But its a lower percentage than elderly people. So we may see increasing cases, lower hospitalizations, but ultimately, you know, the numbers will all continue to go up, unless we bring the overall viral load down in this country, which were still not. I mean, the virus is still spreading, whether were testing or not, its still spreading. Yeah, whether we find the cases or not, theyre still out there. It doesnt mean they dont exist. More than 20 million cases now globally, as we know, dr. Walensky. And as we sort of you know, you were pointing to what we were looking at in terms of cases per 100,000 for schools to open in different countries. As we look at whats happening around the world, how much can we take from other countries as a lesson at this point . We continue to see the rise globally. Right. Its a really good question. First of all, you look at countries that have started to see maybe what theyre calling a second wave or a surge in cases. I want to remind people, their surge in cases wed be lucky to be at. So i think first we have to look at what were doing locally and realize were not doing nearly enough. We havent clamped down enough to get where we need to. We havent taken the first lesson from europe, which is how do you get this under control. I do think that some of the lessons we can learn is that, you know, they have opened precipitously in some places. People are tired of this. There is fatigue out there. Travel has increased. Tourism has increased. Bars and nightclubs have opened. And those are all the places where theyre seeing increased cases. And i guess one of the real questions is, in the next phase of this, whenever we may get to the next phase of this, is it going to be possible to exert local efforts to put out local fires, or are we going to have to sort of go broader . Will we find those local fires quickly enough to be able to control them . Dr. Walensky, sanjay, thank you both so much for being with us. You know, we talk about this three hours a day every day, and i can still learn new things from you both. I really appreciate it. Erica . My pleasure. Thank you, john. Breaking news this morning. Vladimir putin claiming russia has developed an approved the worlds first coronavirus vaccine, a claim that is being met with heavy skepticism. Despite putin announcing his own daughter is among the first to receive a dose. Cnns Matthew Chance is live in moscow. So, matthew, weve also learned that the kremlin has named the vaccine. They have, indeed. Theyve named it sputnik v, v for vaccine, sputnik after the first satellite that was sent by the soviet union back in 1957, astonishing the world into space. This is the first vaccine, of course, thats been launched into the global pandemic, and so they kind of like that sort of parallel that it draws between the sort of symbol of soviet technological excellence back in the 50s to the symbol of russian medical science now. Thats one of the reasons i think critics have been saying that russia has been pushing so hard to get this vaccine out there, first of all, because it wants to show the world its still a superpower when it comes to its scientific technology. But within the past hour or so, Vladimir Putin has gone on national television, on a Video Conference with all his ministers, announcing that that first vaccine against covid19 has now been approved for use inside russia. He said this its had all the necessary checks, according to Vladimir Putin. I know its effective, he says. He said it forms a stable immunity. Thats what he told his Health Minister. Thats what he told the country, speaking on national television. As evidence to that, he said this, he said, one of my own daughters has had the injection. She had a slight temperature at first, he said, but now she feels well. Its an astonishing revelation, because in a decade, i have not heard Vladimir Putin mention any of his children. And so, it just underlines just how much confidence the russians want to show that they have in this vaccine, that Vladimir Putin would make it public that his own daughter he doesnt say which one but his own daughter has had this vaccination and seems to be doing very well. It is a huge contribution to the victory over coronavirus. Thats what the Health Minister added. But in terms of more technical details, the russian director investment fund, the Sovereign Wealth Fund here that is essentially bank rolling this research, said they already had orders for a billion doses from 20 countries around the world. And so, thats pretty astonishing. Yeah. Reporter now, astonishing even more so given there is such skepticism and concern about this vaccine. Thirdphase trials only start tomorrow, so there are big concerns about whether this vaccine is effective, and indeed, whether it is even safe, erica. Absolutely. Matthew chance, wow. It will be interesting to see where this falls. Appreciate the reporting. Thank you. College sports on the brink. Many star players and coaches say they want to play, but can they do it safely . To soccer practices. And new adventures. You hope the more you give the less theyll miss. But even if your teen was vaccinated against meningitis in the past. They may be missing vaccination for meningitis b. Lets help protect them together. Because missing menb vaccination could mean missing out on a whole lot more. Ask your doctor if your teen is missing meningitis b vaccination. Ask your doctor if your teen vo because we know you want to get back to going your speed. Steering life at 10 and 2. Youre prepared for this. And so are we. Soon youll get back to skipping the counter without missing a beat. Back to choosing any car in the aisle. Back to being the boss of you. Go national. Go like a pro. We live with at t and we are well past the honeocupado tom. At t, whats this i hear about you advertising a 100 Fiber Network . Only like a fraction of my customers can get that. Thats it . . You have such a glass halfempty attitude. The glass is more than halfempty you need to relax tom. Oh tom, you need a little tom time. A little tt. Stop living with at t. Xfinity delivers gig speeds to more homes than anyone. A new Football Conference has put off its fall season. The ncaas Mountain West conference postponing all fall sports, including College Football. It comes after the midamerican conference canceled fall sports on saturday. So, will other Major Conferences follow suit . Joining me now is nicole auerbach, a Senior College football writer for the athletic, also with us is dr. Leon mcdougal, a member of the ncaas coronavirus Adviser Panel and the chief diversity officer at ohio state universitys wexner medical center. Nicole, i want to start with you. The Mountain West conference. For people like me who watch way too much tv over the weekend, sports. Thats boise state. Thats the blue football field. These are teams that we know. Whats the significance of Mountain West canceling yesterday . Well, its absolutely significant because this is the second major conference to do this. The midamerican conference canceled, postponed fall sports on saturday. Now, were not talking about the big ten or the pac12 or the s. E. C. Just yet, but these decisions put pressure on the schools and the leagues that are still trying to play because their medical advisory groups are telling them that it is not safe enough to continue with the testing and the protocols that are in place, with travel, without these athletes being in a bubble environment like the nba or wnba. So, this is significant because its just going to continue to put pressure on other leagues that have not yet made a decision about their fall football season. So, dr. Mcdougal, i know there are a lot of people, fans and otherwise, asking, whats going on here, what happened the last week . Why are College Sports having this moment of selfdoubt . And i know you point to the fact that, go back to the spring, go back to the very guidelines that the ncaa gave itself for reopening. These are the Core Principles of resocialization of collegiate sport. Number one on this list is a downward trajectory of covid cases or positivity percentage. And all you have to do is look at a map around the country, you can see there are plenty of states, plenty of places with major College Football or College Sports programs where theyre not passed door number one. Yes. Very good question, john berman. And also, id like to say, today im speaking on behalf of the National Medical association as its 121st president , representing over 45,000 africanamerican physicians in the u. S. And as a member of the ncaa covid19 advisory panel. And you speak to the truth. And with this covid19, its a societal issue, and we need to be placing a full court press on covid19, and that involves invoking a National Strategy to mitigate this deadly disease. That involves invoking the defense production act to create opportunities to produce ppe, to produce testing kits. And this notion that governors are suing mayors because they